Birthday book astrology october 12

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Birthday book astrology october 12

IF YOUR BIRTHDAY IS November 3, you are imaginative people who are cynical and gifted. In general, you don¡¯t like a lot of attention. So it is suggested that you don¡¯t take unnecessary chances with regard to love and to business affairs.As far as work goes, you are unsurpassed. You set out to achieve

something and you do it. You don¡¯t give up as you are not a quitter.The November 3 birthday personality could be voted the person most likely to get revenge. You are a level-headed person but you are not to be taken lightly or taken advantage of.The sweet loving nature of this Scorpio birthday could

change and sting something awful. This trait may come natural and it may take a bit of discipline to overcome the temptations to be this vindictive.More of the negative November 3rd birthday characteristics are traits that Scorpio seem to be self-destructive or dangerous. Those of you born this day can be

addictive personalities.It is easy for you to get hooked on drugs, alcohol, gambling or into an unlawful lifestyle. This is mainly due to your obsessive nature.However, you have the power to choose¡­ if this is what you allow yourself to do, then your life will be filled with challenges that perhaps could have

been avoided. If you want to be a positive and progressive individual, then you must work hard enough.When things are going your way, you tend to question it. Basically, you are insecure in some areas that are surprising to others. It would seem that you have no confidence in yourself when it comes to a

string of good luck. However, with your attitude, you sometimes make your own drama.The November 3rd birthday horoscope predicts that you like your privacy. You don¡¯t like people coming home without calling. You are constantly fighting with your people¡­ when you are talking to them. It¡¯s not

shocking to find out that you are not on speaking terms with your family or your friends. As this 3rd November birthday zodiac sign is Scorpio, without a doubt, you demand a lot from friends and loved ones.Perhaps you are troubled with something that happened a long time ago. Maybe as a child, you

suffered some kind of disappointment that has made you angry as an adult. As a parent yourself, you may be a little over-protective of your children. You try to maintain a close relationship with your children in spite of this.When it comes to making a career decision, this could prove to be difficult as you

have many talents and gifts. Your passion could be useful in occupations such as counseling or advertising. You may teach or choose a career in the media as an entertainer or performer. There are many great people with film experience in this zodiac birthday¡¯s web.The November 3 birthday astrology

analysis also shows that you are people who are strong and possibly muscular. Your eyes are extremely noticeable and spellbinding. This could be one of your best physical attributes. You are energetic and you enjoy working out. In fact, you have a set schedule that sets times out for taking care of

yourself on a regular basis. Then there are times when it seems as though you have given up. It¡¯s possible that you have control issues or issues with commitment.The 3 November birthday personality are people with a conservative attitude or a bad attitude. You seem to like chaos or conflict. If there isn¡¯t

anything going on, you are likely to start your own web of sorted affairs. You are not afraid to speak your mind or to go out on your own¡­you like to do things your way.As a career option, the November 3rd birthday meanings suggest that you could be a teacher or someone who deals with the public.

However, be careful not to let this power go to your head, Scorpion. You have the ability to transform yourself. You can either choose to be of benefit or to be a conflict. It¡¯s your decision.Famous People And Celebrities Born On November 3Pablo Aimar, Adam Ant, Tamba Hali, Larry Holmes, Jermaine

Jones, Dolph Lundgren, Roseanne, Gary RossSee: Famous Celebrities Born On November 3This Day That Year ¨CNovember 3 In History1883 ¨C Danville, Virginia first time see racial riots in which 4 black men die. 1990 ¨C Mary Martin dies of cancer. 2012 ¨C Luke Snyder takes Jennifer Manna to be his

lawful wedded wife. 1930 ¨C Bank of America, formerly Bank of Italy is established today.November 3 Vrishchika Rashi (Vedic Moon Sign) November 3 Chinese Zodiac PIGNovember 3 Birthday Planet Your ruling planet is Mars that symbolizes self-determination, strong willpower and creativity.November

3 Birthday Symbols The Scorpion Is The Symbol For The Scorpio Zodiac SignNovember 3 Birthday Tarot Card Your Birthday Tarot Card is The Empress. This card symbolizes a financial security and accomplishment of goals. The Minor Arcana cards are Six of Cups and Knight of CupsNovember

3 Birthday CompatibilityYou are most compatible with people born under Zodiac Sign Gemini: This can be an exciting and enjoyable relationship. You are not compatible with people born under Zodiac Sign Libra: This relationship will be filled with anxiety and worry.See Also:Scorpio Zodiac

CompatibilityScorpio And GeminiScorpio And LibraNovember 3 Lucky NumberNumber 5 ¨C This is a number that speaks of adventure, fun, excitement and free thinking. Number 3 ¨C This number signifies mediation, communication, self-expression, and diplomacy.Lucky Colors

For November 3 BirthdayRed: This color stands for love, courage, stimulation, and activity. Green: This color symbolizes trust, growth, peace, finance, and jealousy.Lucky Days For November 3 BirthdayTuesday ¨C The day of Mars that symbolizes physical strength, passion, competition, and divine will.

Thursday ¨C Planet Jupiter¡®s day that symbolizes self-esteem, happiness, abundance and personal power.November 3 Birthstone Topaz Topaz gemstone represents stamina, confidence, success, and intuition.Ideal Zodiac Birthday Gifts For People Born On November 3rdA leather scrapbook for the man

and a Feng Shui Laughing Buddha statue for the Scorpio woman. This article is about the former Congressman from Texas. For his son, see Rand Paul. American politician, statesman and physician Ron PaulPaul in 2011Member of theU.S. House of Representativesfrom TexasIn officeJanuary 3, 1997 ¨C

January 3, 2013Preceded byGreg LaughlinSucceeded byRandy WeberConstituency14th districtIn officeJanuary 3, 1979 ¨C January 3, 1985Preceded byBob GammageSucceeded byTom DeLayConstituency22nd districtIn officeApril 3, 1976 ¨C January 3, 1977Preceded byRobert R. CaseySucceeded

byRobert GammageConstituency22nd district Personal detailsBornRonald Ernest Paul (1935-08-20) August 20, 1935 (age 85)Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.Political partyLibertarian (1987¨C1996, 2015¨Cpresent)[1]Other politicalaffiliationsRepublican (before 1987, 1996¨C2015)Spouse(s)Carolyn Wells ?

(m. 1957)?Children5, including RandEducationGettysburg College (BS)Duke University (MD)OccupationPoliticianphysicianauthorSignatureWebsiteOfficial websiteMilitary serviceAllegiance United StatesBranch/service United States Air ForceYears of service1963¨C19651965¨C1968Rank Captain[2]Unit Air

National Guard Texas Air National Guard This article is part of a series aboutRon Paul Political positions Electoral history Campaign for Liberty F.R.E.E U.S. Representative from Texas Early congressional career (1976¨C1985) Later congressional career (1997¨C2013) Presidential campaigns 1988

presidential campaign 2008 presidential campaign 2012 presidential campaign Published works A Foreign Policy of Freedom The Revolution: A Manifesto End the Fed Liberty Defined List of legislation sponsored by Ron Paul Young Americans for Liberty Draft Ron Paul movement vte Ronald Ernest Paul

(born August 20, 1935) is an American author, physician, and retired politician who served as the U.S. Representative for Texas's 22nd congressional district from 1976 to 1977 and again from 1979 to 1985, and then for Texas's 14th congressional district from 1997 to 2013. On three occasions, he

sought the presidency of the United States: as the Libertarian Party nominee in 1988 and as a candidate for the Republican Party in 2008 and 2012. A self-described constitutionalist, Paul is a critic of the federal government's fiscal policies, especially the existence of the Federal Reserve and the tax

policy, as well as the military¨Cindustrial complex, the war on drugs, and the war on terror. He has also been a vocal critic of mass surveillance policies such as the USA PATRIOT Act and the NSA surveillance programs. He was the first chairman of the conservative PAC Citizens for a Sound Economy, a

free-market group focused on limited government,[3] and has been characterized as the "intellectual godfather" of the Tea Party movement, a fiscally conservative political movement that is largely against most matters of interventionism.[4][5] Paul served as a flight surgeon in the U.S. Air Force from

1963 to 1968, and worked as an obstetrician-gynecologist from the 1960s to the 1980s.[6] He became the first Representative in history to serve concurrently with a child in Congress when his son, Rand Paul, was elected to the U.S. Senate from Kentucky in 2010.[7] Paul is a Senior Fellow of the Mises

Institute,[8] and has published a number of books and promoted the ideas of economists of the Austrian School such as Murray Rothbard, Friedrich Hayek, and Ludwig von Mises during his political campaigns. After the popularity and grassroots enthusiasm of his 2008 presidential bid, Paul announced in

July 2011 that he would forgo seeking another term in Congress in order to focus on his 2012 bid for the presidency.[9] Finishing in the top four with delegates in both races (while winning four states in the 2012 primaries), he refused to endorse the Republican nominations of John McCain and Mitt

Romney during their respective 2008 and 2012 campaigns, and on May 14, 2012, Paul announced that he would not be competing in any other presidential primaries but that he would still compete for delegates in states where the primary elections had already been held.[10] At both the 2008 and 2012

Republican National Conventions, Paul received the second-highest amount of delegates behind only McCain and Romney respectively. In January 2013, Paul retired from Congress but still remains active on college campuses, giving speeches promoting his libertarian vision.[11][12] He also continues to

provide political commentary through The Ron Paul Liberty Report, a web show he co-hosts on YouTube. Paul received one electoral vote from a Texas faithless elector in the 2016 presidential election, making him the oldest person to receive an Electoral College vote, as well as the second registered

Libertarian presidential candidate in history to receive an electoral vote, after John Hospers in 1972. Early life, education, and medical career Ronald Ernest Paul was born on August 20, 1935, in Pittsburgh,[13] the son of Howard Caspar Paul (1904¨C1997), who ran a small dairy company, and Margaret

Paul (n¨¦e Dumont; 1908¨C2001). His paternal grandfather emigrated from Germany,[14] and his paternal grandmother, a devout Christian, was a first-generation German American.[15] As a junior at suburban Dormont High School, he was the 200-meter dash state champion.[16] Paul went to Gettysburg

College, where he was a member of the Lambda Chi Alpha fraternity.[17] He graduated with a B.S. degree in Biology in 1957.[16] Paul earned a Doctor of Medicine degree from Duke University's School of Medicine in 1961, and completed his medical internship at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit and

his residency in obstetrics and gynecology at Magee-Womens Hospital in Pittsburgh.[18][19] Paul served as a flight surgeon in the United States Air Force from 1963 to 1965 and then in the United States Air National Guard from 1965 to 1968. Paul and his wife then relocated to Texas, where he began a

private practice in obstetrics and gynecology.[19] Early congressional career (1976¨C1985) While a medical resident in the 1960s, Paul was influenced by Friedrich Hayek's The Road to Serfdom, which caused him to read other publications by Ludwig von Mises and Ayn Rand. He came to know

economists Hans Sennholz and Murray Rothbard well, and credits his interest in the study of economics to them.[20] When President Richard Nixon "closed the gold window" by ending American participation in the Bretton Woods System, thus ending the U.S. dollar's loose association with gold[20] on

August 15, 1971, Paul decided to enter politics[21] and became a Republican candidate for the United States Congress.[22] Elections In 1974, incumbent Robert R. Casey defeated him for the 22nd district.[19] President Gerald Ford later appointed Casey to the Federal Maritime Commission, and Paul

won an April 1976 special election to the vacant office after a runoff.[23][24][25] Paul lost the next regular election to Democrat Robert Gammage by fewer than 300 votes (0.2%), but defeated Gammage in a 1978 rematch, and was reelected in 1980 and 1982.[26][27][28] Gammage underestimated Paul's

popularity among local mothers: "I had real difficulty down in Brazoria County, where he practiced, because he'd delivered half the babies in the county. There were only two obstetricians in the county, and the other one was his partner."[29] Tenure Paul in 1979 Paul served in Congress three different

periods: first from 1976 to 1977, after he won a special election, then from 1979 to 1985, and finally from 1997 to 2013.[30] In his early years, Paul served on the House Banking Committee, where he blamed the Federal Reserve for inflation and spoke against the banking mismanagement that resulted in

the savings and loan crisis.[14][31] Paul argued for a return to the gold standard maintained by the U.S. from 1873 to 1933, and with Senator Jesse Helms convinced the Congress to study the issue.[20] He spoke against the reinstatement of registration for the military draft in 1980, in opposition to

President Jimmy Carter and the majority of his fellow Republican members of Congress.[32] During his first term, Paul founded the Foundation for Rational Economics and Education (FREE), a non-profit think tank dedicated to promoting principles of limited government and free-market economics.[33]

[34] In 1984, Paul became the first chairman of the Citizens for a Sound Economy (CSE),[3] a conservative political group founded by Charles and David Koch "to fight for less government, lower taxes, and less regulation." CSE started a Tea Party protest against high taxes in 2002.[35] In 2004, Citizens

for a Sound Economy split into two new organizations, with Citizens for a Sound Economy being renamed as FreedomWorks, and Citizens for a Sound Economy Foundation becoming Americans for Prosperity. The two organizations would become key players in the Tea Party movement from 2009

onward. Paul proposed term-limit legislation multiple times, while himself serving four terms in the House of Representatives.[32] In 1984, he decided to retire from the House in order to run for the U.S. Senate, complaining in his House farewell address that "Special interests have replaced the concern

that the Founders had for general welfare... It's difficult for one who loves true liberty and utterly detests the power of the state to come to Washington for a period of time and not leave a true cynic."[36][37] Paul lost the Republican primary to Phil Gramm, who had switched parties the previous year from

Democrat to Republican. Another candidate of the senatorial primary was Henry Grover, a conservative former state legislator who had lost the 1972 gubernatorial general election to Democrat Dolph Briscoe, Jr.[38][39] On Paul's departure from the House, his seat was assumed by former state

representative Tom DeLay, who would later become House Majority Leader.[40] Libertarian Party and ventures 1985¨C1997 Following the loss of the 1984 senate race, Paul returned to his obstetrics practice and took part in a number of other business ventures.[14][41] Along with his former congressional

chief of staff, Lew Rockwell, Paul founded a for-profit enterprise, Ron Paul & Associates, Inc. (RP&A) in 1984, with Paul serving as president, Rockwell as vice president, Paul's wife Carol as secretary, and daughter Lori Pyeatt as treasurer. The company published a variety of political and investmentoriented newsletters, including Ron Paul Freedom Report and Ron Paul Survival Report,[42] and by 1993 was generating revenues in excess of $900,000.[43] Paul also co-owned a mail-order coin dealership, Ron Paul Coins, for twelve years with Burt Blumert, who continued to operate the dealership

after Paul resumed office in 1996.[44][45] Paul spoke multiple times at the American Numismatic Association's 1988 convention.[44] He worked with his Foundation for Rational Economics and Education on such projects as establishing the National Endowment for Liberty, producing the At Issue public

policy series that was broadcast on the Discovery Channel and CNBC,[33] and continuing publication of newsletters. 1988 presidential campaign Main article: Ron Paul 1988 presidential campaign Paul left the Republican Party in 1987 and launched a bid for the presidency running on the Libertarian

Party ticket. His candidacy was seen as problematic because of the party's long support for freedom of choice on abortions. Native American activist Russell Means, Paul's rival for the nomination, emphasized that he was in favor of abortion rights.[46] In a forum held prior to the nomination, Means

dismissed the greater funds raised by Paul's campaign, commenting that Means was receiving "10 times more press" than the former Congressman and was therefore "100 times more effective".[47] In the 1988 presidential election, Paul was on the ballot in 46 states,[48] scoring third in the popular vote

with 432,179 votes (0.5%).[49] Paul was kept off the ballot in Missouri, due to what the St. Louis Post-Dispatch termed a "technicality," and received votes there only when written in,[50] just as he did in North Carolina.[51] According to Paul, his presidential campaign was about more than obtaining office;

he sought to promote his libertarian ideas, often to school and university groups regardless of vote eligibility. He said, "We're just as interested in the future generation as this election. These kids will vote eventually, and maybe, just maybe, they'll go home and talk to their parents."[48] Paul considered

campaigning for president in 1992,[52] but instead chose to endorse Pat Buchanan that year, and served as an adviser to Buchanan's Republican presidential primary campaign against incumbent President George H. W. Bush.[53] Later congressional career (1997¨C2013) An earlier congressional portrait

of Paul, c. 1997 Elections Further information: Texas's 14th congressional district 1996 campaign During 1996, Paul was re-elected to Congress after a difficult campaign. The Republican National Committee endorsed incumbent Greg Laughlin in the primary; Paul won with assistance from baseball

pitcher, constituent, and friend Nolan Ryan, tax activist and publisher Steve Forbes[14] and conservative commentator Pat Buchanan (the latter two of whom had, had presidential campaigns that year). Paul narrowly defeated Democratic attorney Charles "Lefty" Morris in the fall election, despite Morris'

criticism over controversial statements in several newsletters that Paul published. 1998¨C2013 In 1998 and 2000, Paul defeated Loy Sneary, a Democratic Bay City, Texas, rice farmer and former Matagorda County judge.[21] In the 2008 Republican primary,[54] he defeated Friendswood city councilman

Chris Peden,[55] with over 70 percent of the vote[56] and ran unopposed in the general election.[57] In the 2010 Republican primary, Paul defeated three opponents with 80 percent of the vote.[58] On July 12, 2011, Paul announced that he would not seek re-election to the House in order to pursue the

2012 presidential election.[59][60] Tenure 2007 congressional portrait Legislation Main article: List of legislation sponsored by Ron Paul Of the 620 bills that Paul had sponsored through December 2011, over a period of more than 22 years in Congress, only one had been signed into law¡ªa lifetime

success rate of less than 0.3%.[61] The sole measure authored by Paul that was ultimately enacted allowed for a federal customhouse to be sold to a local historic preservation society (H.R. 2121 in 2009).[61] By amending other legislation, he helped prohibit funding for national identification numbers,

funding for federal teacher certification,[21] International Criminal Court jurisdiction over the U.S. military, American participation with any U.N. global tax, and surveillance of peaceful First Amendment activities by citizens.[62] In November 1997, Paul was one of eighteen Republicans in the House to cosponsor a resolution by Bob Barr that sought to launch an impeachment inquiry against President Bill Clinton.[63][64] The resolution did not specify any charges or allegations.[64] This was an early effort to impeach Clinton, predating the eruption of the Clinton¨CLewinsky scandal. The eruption of that

scandal would ultimately lead to a more serious effort to impeach Clinton in 1998.[65] On October 8, 1998, Paul voted in favor of legislation that was passed to open an impeachment inquiry.[66] On December 19, 1998, Paul voted in favor of all four articles of impeachment against Clinton (only two of

which received the needed majority of votes).[67][68][69][70] Two days prior, on December 16, Paul stated that he would vote to impeach based on Clinton's military attacks in the Middle East, namely the 1998 bombing of Iraq and Operation Infinite Reach, and not necessarily the Lewinsky scandal, which

he described as far less serious than the "unconstitutionality of presidents waging wars".[71] Affiliations Paul was honorary chairman of, and is a member of the Republican Liberty Caucus, a political action committee that describes its goal as electing "liberty-minded, limited-government individuals".[72]

He is an initiating member of the Congressional Rural Caucus, which deals with agricultural and rural issues, and the 140-member Congressional Wildlife Refuge Caucus.[73] Committee assignments Paul served on the following committees and subcommittees.[74] Committee on Financial Services

Subcommittee on Domestic Monetary Policy and Technology (Chairman) Subcommittee on International Monetary Policy and Trade Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations With the election of the 112th Congress, and a resulting GOP majority in the House, Paul

became the chairman of the Subcommittee on Domestic Monetary Policy and Technology starting in January 2011.[75] Paul's congressional career ended on January 3, 2013 with the swearing in of the 113th Congress. 2008 presidential campaign Main article: Ron Paul 2008 presidential campaign See

also: 2008 Republican Party presidential primaries 2008 Republican primary campaign Paul campaigning for president in Manchester, New Hampshire, June 2007 Paul formally declared his candidacy for the 2008 Republican nomination on March 12, 2007, on C-SPAN.[76] Few major politicians

endorsed him, and his campaign was largely ignored by traditional media.[77] However, he attracted an intensely loyal grassroots following,[78] interacting through internet social media.[79][80][81] In May 2007, shortly after the first televised primary debates, the blogs search engine site

listed Paul's name as the term most frequently searched for;[79] and Paul's campaign claimed that Paul had more YouTube channel subscribers than Barack Obama or any other candidate for president.[82] For a candidate who had had relatively low national name recognition prior to entering the race,

Paul did surprisingly well in fundraising, taking in more money than any other Republican candidate in the fourth quarter of 2007, as the primary season headed into the Iowa caucuses.[83][84] Despite benefiting from large numbers of campaign contributions from individual donors,[85] and the efforts of

tech-savvy supporters determined to keep his name a frequent topic of discussion on the internet,[79] over the course of the campaign Paul was unable to translate the enthusiasm of his core supporters into large enough numbers of actual primary votes to unseat his rivals. Paul came in 5th place in both

the January 4 Iowa caucuses (10% of votes cast)[86] and the January 8 New Hampshire primary (8%).[87] With the exception of the Nevada caucuses January 19, where he came in 2nd (14%) behind Romney (51%), he did little better through the rest of January: Michigan 4th (6%), South Carolina 5th

(4%), Florida 5th (3%). On Super Tuesday, February 5, he placed 4th in almost every state, generally taking in a mere 3¨C6% of the votes although he did better in the northern states of North Dakota (21%, 3rd place) and Montana (25%, 2nd place).[88][89] By March, front-runner John McCain had secured

enough pledged delegates to guarantee that he would win the nomination, and Romney and Huckabee had both formally withdrawn from the race. Paul, who had won no state primaries, knew that it was now mathematically impossible for him to win the nomination, as he had captured only 20[90]¡ª40

pledged delegates compared to more than 1,191 for McCain, yet he refused to concede the race and said that it was unlikely that he would ultimately endorse McCain.[91][92][93] Over the next few weeks, Paul's supporters clashed with establishment Republicans at several county and state party

conventions over state party rules, the party platforms, and selection of delegates for the national convention.[94][95][96] In one of the more dramatic moments, Nevada's state party leaders, outmaneuvered by Paul supporters at the state nominating convention, resorted to the highly unusual measure of

prematurely and abruptly shutting down the convention before selecting national delegates, with a plan to reconvene at a later date.[97][98] On June 12, 2008, Paul finally withdrew his bid for the Republican nomination. He later said that one of the reasons he did not run in the general election as a thirdparty candidate, after losing the primaries, was that, as a concession to gain ballot access in certain states, he had signed legally binding agreements to not run a third-party campaign if he lost the primary.[99] Some of the $4 million remaining campaign contributions was invested into the new political

action and advocacy group called Ron Paul's Campaign for Liberty.[100] Endorsement after ending campaign Paul's Rally for the Republic, held in Minneapolis, Minnesota on September 2, 2008 At a September 10, 2008, press conference, Paul announced his general support of four third-party

candidates: Cynthia McKinney (Green Party); Bob Barr (Libertarian Party); Chuck Baldwin (Constitution Party); and Ralph Nader (independent). He said that each of them had pledged to adhere to a policy of balancing budgets, bringing the troops home, defending privacy and personal liberties, and

investigating the Federal Reserve. Paul also said that under no circumstances would he be endorsing either of the two main parties' candidates (McCain¡ªRepublican Party, or Obama¡ªDemocratic Party) because there were no real differences between them, and because neither of them, if elected,

would seek to make the fundamental changes in governance that were necessary. He urged instead that, rather than contribute to the "charade" that the two-party election system had become, the voters support the third-party candidates as a protest vote, to force change in the election process.[101][102]

Later that same day, Paul gave a televised interview with Nader saying much the same again.[103] Two weeks later, "shocked and disappointed" that Bob Barr (the Libertarian nominee) had pulled out of attending the press conference at the last minute and had admonished Paul for remaining neutral and

failing to say which specific candidate Paul would vote for in the general election, Paul released a statement saying that he had decided to endorse Chuck Baldwin, the Constitution Party candidate, for president.[104] Paul withdrew from active campaigning in the last weeks of the primary election period.

He received 42,426 votes, or 0.03% of the total cast, in the general election.[105] 2012 presidential campaign Main article: Ron Paul 2012 presidential campaign See also: 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries 2012 Republican primary campaign Paul won several early straw polls for the 2012

Republican presidential nomination[106] and formed an official exploratory committee in late April 2011.[107][108] He participated in the first Republican presidential debate on May 5, 2011[109] and on May 13, 2011 formally announced his candidacy in an interview on ABC's Good Morning America.[110]

He placed second in the 2011 Ames Straw Poll, missing first by 0.9%.[111] Paul indicated in a June 2011 interview that if nominated, he would consider former New Jersey Superior Court judge Andrew Napolitano as his running mate.[112] In December 2011, with Paul's increased support, the

controversy over racist and homophobic statements in several Ron Paul newsletters in the 1980s and early 1990s once again gained media attention.[113] During this time Paul supporters asserted that he was continually ignored by the media despite his significant support, citing examples of where

television news shows would fail to mention Paul in discussions of the Republican presidential hopefuls even when he was polling second.[114][115][116] Iowa Ron Paul's presidential campaign managers Jesse Benton, John Tate and Demetri Kesari were all found guilty of paying former Iowa State

Senator Kent Sorenson $73,000 to switch his support from Rep. Michele Bachmann to Paul.[117] In court papers filed in August 2014, Sorenson said that he had been paid by both presidential campaigns for his endorsement and pled guilty to criminal charges stemming from the incident.[118] Paul came

in third in the Iowa Republican Caucus held on January 3, 2012. Out of a turnout of 121,503 votes, Paul took 26,036 (21%) of the certified votes. Rick Santorum and Mitt Romney finished in a virtual tie for first place with 25% each,[119] although Ron Paul had ultimately won[120] Iowa at the Republican

National Convention gathering 22 delegates to Mitt Romney's 5. In the New Hampshire primary held on January 10, 2012, Paul received 23% of the votes and came in second after Romney's 39%.[121] South Carolina, Florida, Nevada Paul speaking at a rally at Lindenwood University in St. Charles,

Missouri, March 2012 Paul's results then declined, despite the withdrawal of candidates Michele Bachmann, Jon Huntsman and Rick Perry. He had fourth-place finishes in the next two primaries, on January 21 in South Carolina (with 13% of the vote)[122] and on January 31 in Florida (where he received

7% of the vote).[123][124][125] On February 4, Paul finished third in Nevada with 18.8% of the vote.[126] Three non-binding primaries were held on February 7; Paul took 3rd place in Colorado[127] and Missouri[128] with 13% and 12% of the vote, respectively. He fared better in Minnesota[129] with 27%,

finishing second to Rick Santorum. On May 14, Paul's campaign announced that due to lack of funds (though despite financial backing from financiers Peter Thiel and Mark Spitznagel)[130] he would no longer actively campaign for votes in the 11 remaining primary states, including Texas and California,

that had not yet voted.[10][131] He would, however, continue to seek to win delegates for the national party convention in the states that had already voted. Irregularities In June, a group of 132 supporters of Paul, demanding the freedom as delegates to the upcoming Republican party national convention

to cast votes for Paul, filed a lawsuit in U.S. District Court against the Republican National Committee and 55 state and territorial Republican party organizations for allegedly coercing delegates to choose Mitt Romney as the party's presidential nominee.[132] The suit alleged that there had been "a

systematic campaign of election fraud at state conventions," employing rigging of voting machines, ballot stuffing, and falsification of ballot totals. The suit further pointed to incidents at state conventions, including acts of violence and changes in procedural rules, allegedly intended to deny participation of

Paul supporters in the party decision-making and to prevent votes from being cast for Paul. An attorney representing the complainants said that Paul campaign advisor Doug Wead had voiced support for the legal action.[132] Paul himself told CNN that although the lawsuit was not a part of his campaign's

strategy and that he had not been advising his supporters to sue, he was not going to tell his supporters not to sue, if they had a legitimate argument. "If they're not following the rules, you have a right to stand up for the rules. I think for the most part these winning caucuses that we've been involved in we

have followed the rules. And the other side has at times not followed the rules."[133] Republican National convention Paul declined to speak at the Republican National Convention as a matter of principle, saying that the convention planners had demanded that his remarks be vetted by the Romney

campaign and that he make an unqualified endorsement of Romney.[134] Paul had felt that "It wouldn't be my speech... That would undo everything I've done in the last 30 years. I don't fully endorse him for president."[134] Many of Paul's supporters and delegates walked out of the convention in protest

over rules adopted by the convention that reduced their delegate count and that would make it harder for non-establishment candidates to win the party's nomination in future elections.[135] Supporters and media commentators had noted that the delegations from states where Paul had had the most

support were given the worst seats in the convention hall, while delegations from regions with no electoral votes, such as the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, and Puerto Rico, were given prime seats at the front.[136][137] Endorsement after ending campaign As in 2008, in 2012 Paul

ultimately refused to endorse the ticket selected by the Republican Party. He said that there was no essential difference between Romney and his Democratic opponent, President Obama, on the most critical policies: "I've been in this business a long time and believe me there is essentially no difference

from one administration to another no matter what the platforms... The foreign policy stays the same, the monetary policy stays the same, there's no proposal for any real cuts and both parties support it."[138] Paul received 26,204 write-in votes, or 0.02% of the total cast in the election.[139] Political party

identification Throughout his entire tenure in Congress, Paul has represented his district as a member of the Republican Party. However, he has frequently taken positions in direct opposition to the other members and the leadership of the party, and he has sometimes publicly questioned whether he

really belonged in the party. Paul voted for Dwight D. Eisenhower for president in 1956 when he was 21 years old.[140] He had been a lifelong supporter of the Republican Party by the time he entered politics in the mid-1970s.[140] He was one of the first elected officials in the nation to support Ronald

Reagan's presidential campaign,[141] and he actively campaigned for Reagan in 1976 and 1980.[142] After Reagan's election in 1980, Paul quickly became disillusioned with the Reagan administration's policies. He later recalled being the only Republican to vote against Reagan budget proposals in

1981,[143][144] aghast that "in 1977, Jimmy Carter proposed a budget with a $38 billion deficit, and every Republican in the House voted against it. In 1981, Reagan proposed a budget with a $45 billion deficit¡ªwhich turned out to be $113 billion¡ªand Republicans were cheering his great victory. They

were living in a storybook land."[141] He expressed his disgust with the political culture of both major parties in a speech delivered in 1984 upon resigning from the House of Representatives to prepare for a (failed) run for the Senate, and he eventually apologized to his libertarian friends for having

supported Reagan.[143] Wikisource has original text related to this article: Ron Paul's 1987 Resignation Letter to the RNC By 1987, Paul was ready to sever all ties to the Republican Party, as he explained in a blistering resignation letter: "Since [1981] Ronald Reagan and the Republican Party have

given us skyrocketing deficits, and astoundingly a doubled national debt. How is it that the party of balanced budgets, with control of the White House and Senate, accumulated red ink greater than all previous administrations put together? ¡­ There is no credibility left for the Republican Party as a force to

reduce the size of government. That is the message of the Reagan years."[140][142] A month later he announced he would seek the 1988 Libertarian Party nomination for president. During the 1988 campaign, Paul called Reagan "a dramatic failure"[142] and complained that "Reagan's record is

disgraceful. He starts wars, breaks the law, supplies terrorists with guns made at taxpayers' expense and lies about it to the American people."[145] Paul predicted that "the Republicans are on their way out as a major party,"[143] and he said that, although registered as a Republican, he had always been

a libertarian at heart.[143][144] Paul returned to his private medical practice and managing several business ventures after losing the 1988 election; but by 1996, he was ready to return to politics, this time running on the Republican Party ticket again. He said that he had never read the entire Libertarian

platform when he ran for president as a Libertarian in 1988, and that "I worked for the Libertarians on my terms, not theirs."[146] He added that in terms of a political label he preferred to call himself "a constitutionalist. In Congress I took an oath to uphold the Constitution, not the (Republican) platform."

[146] When he lost the Republican Party presidential primary election in 2008, Paul criticized the two major political parties, saying that there was no real difference between the parties and that neither of them truly intended to challenge the status quo. He refused to endorse the Republican Party's

nominee for president, John McCain, and lent his support to third-party candidates instead.[147][148] In the 2012 presidential campaign, during which he acknowledged it was unlikely that he would win the Republican Party nomination,[149] Paul again asserted that he was participating in the Republican

Party on his own terms, trying to persuade the rest of the party to move toward his positions rather than joining in with theirs.[150] He expressed doubt that he would support any of his rivals should they win the nomination, warning that, "If the policies of the Republican Party are the same as the Democrat

Party and they don't want to change anything on foreign policy, they don't want to cut anything, they don't want to audit the Fed and find out about monetary policy, they don't want to have actual change in government, that is a problem for me."[151] On that same theme he said in another interview, "I

would be reluctant to jump on board and tell all of the supporters that have given me trust and money that all of a sudden, I'd say, [all] we've done is for naught. So, let's support anybody at all ¡­ even if they disagree with everything that we do."[152] Political positions Part of a series onLibertarianismin the

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society Workers' councils Workers' self-management People Andrews Armand Bakunin Berkman Bookchin Carson Cleyre Chomsky D¨¦jacque Durruti Ferrer Mag¨®n Galleani Godwin Goldman Goodman Graeber Greene Hodgskin Kropotkin La Bo¨¦tie Landauer Long Makhno Malatesta Margall Michel

Most Pannella Paterson Paul Proudhon Rocker Spooner Stirner Stossel Thoreau Tolstoy Tucker Voline Warren Related topics Criticism Left-libertarianism Philosophical anarchism Right-libertarianism Libertarianism portal Anarchism portalvte Main article: Political positions of Ron Paul Paul has been

described as conservative and libertarian.[14] According to University of Georgia political scientist Keith Poole, Paul had the most conservative voting record of any member of Congress from 1937 to 2002,[153][154] and is the most conservative of the candidates that had sought the 2012 Republican

nomination for president.[155] Other analyses have judged Paul much more moderate. The National Journal, for instance, rated Paul only the 145th-most-conservative member of the House of Representatives (out of 435) based on votes cast in 2010.[156][157] The National Journal's analysis gave Paul

a 2011 composite ideological rating of 54% liberal and 46% conservative.[158] The foundation of Paul's political philosophy is the conviction that "the proper role for government in America is to provide national defense, a court system for civil disputes, a criminal justice system for acts of force and fraud,

and little else."[159] He has been nicknamed "Dr. No," reflecting both his medical degree and his insistence that he will "never vote for legislation unless the proposed measure is expressly authorized by the Constitution."[21][31] Defense Paul has advocated for a noninterventionist foreign policy.[160] He

advocates withdrawal from the United Nations, and from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, for reasons of maintaining strong national sovereignty.[161] He voted for the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Terrorists in response to the September 11 attacks, but suggested war alternatives

such as authorizing the president to grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal targeting specific terrorists. An opponent of the Iraq War and potential war with Iran, he has also criticized neoconservatism and U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East, arguing that both inadvertently cause terrorist reprisals against

Americans, such as the 9/11 attacks. Paul has stated that "Israel is our close friend" and that it is not the place of the United States to "dictate how Israel runs her affairs".[162] Following the Orange Revolution protests in 2004, which led to Viktor Yanukovych's ouster from government, Paul accused the

National Endowment for Democracy of having staged a coup in Ukraine.[163][164] Domestic issues Paul endorses constitutional rights, such as the right to keep and bear arms, and habeas corpus for political detainees. He was one of only three Republicans in the House to vote against the Patriot Act.

Paul opposes federal use of torture, presidential autonomy, a national identification card, warrantless domestic surveillance, and the draft. He has also called for shutting down the TSA and moving matters of airline security to private businesses.[165] Paul believes that the notion of the separation of

church and state is currently misused by the court system: "In case after case, the Supreme Court has used the infamous 'separation of church and state' metaphor to uphold court decisions that allow the federal government to intrude upon and deprive citizens of their religious liberty."[166] Sometime

within the same month but much after the event of authorities executing a lock-down in sequence to the April 2013 Boston Marathon bombing, Paul commented on the tactics used by governing forces into a harsh criticism that he has written as a "military-style occupation of an American city".[12]

Economic issues Paul speaking at the 2011 Liberty Political Action Conference (LPAC) Paul is a proponent of Austrian School economics; he has authored six books on the subject, and displayed pictures of Austrian School economists Friedrich Hayek, Murray Rothbard, and Ludwig von Mises (as well

as of President Grover Cleveland and Chicago School economist Milton Friedman)[167] on his office wall. He regularly voted against almost all proposals for new government spending, initiatives, or taxes;[168] he cast two thirds of all the lone negative votes in the House during a 1995¨C1997 period.[21]

He pledged never to raise taxes[169] and states he has never voted to approve a budget deficit. Paul believes that the country could abolish the individual income tax by scaling back federal spending to its fiscal year 2000 levels;[170][171] financing government operations would be primarily by excise

taxes and non-protectionist tariffs. He endorses eliminating most federal government agencies, terming them unnecessary bureaucracies. On April 15, 2011, Paul was one of four Republican members of Congress to vote against Rep. Paul Ryan's budget proposal, known as "The Path to Prosperity."[172]

Paul has consistently warned of hyperinflation and called for the gold standard as far back as 1981.[173][174] From 1999 until his retirement, he introduced bills into each Congress seeking to eliminate the Federal Reserve System in a single year,[175][176][177] a position he outlines in his 2009 book End

the Fed. Paul endorses free trade, rejecting membership in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the World Trade Organization as "managed trade".[178] He has described his interest in ending wars and lowering military spending as partly an "economic issue", adding, "We'd save a

lot of money by not being engaged [in overseas conflict] like this."[179] Climate change As a free-market environmentalist, he asserts private property rights in relation to environmental protection and pollution prevention.[180] He called global warming a hoax in a 2009 Fox Business interview, saying,

"You know, the greatest hoax I think that has been around in many, many years if not hundreds of years has been this hoax on the environment and global warming."[181] He acknowledges there is clear evidence of rising temperatures in some parts of the globe, but says that temperatures are cooling in

other parts.[182] Healthcare Paul has stated that "The government shouldn't be in the medical business." He pushes to eliminate federal involvement with and management of health care, which he argues would allow prices to decrease due to the fundamental dynamics of a free market.[183] He also

opposes federal government influenza inoculation programs.[184] Immigration Paul endorses increased border security and opposes welfare for illegal immigrants, birthright citizenship and amnesty;[185] he voted for the Secure Fence Act of 2006. However, in a 2019 interview, Paul expressed

disapproval of President Donald Trump's proposed border wall along the southern US border, saying, "I don't like walls. I don't want to wall people in and wall people out."[186] Ballots and voting He is an outspoken proponent of increased ballot access for third-party candidates.[187] He has sought to

repeal the National Voter Registration Act of 1993, also known as the Motor Voter law.[188] Secession Paul has stated that secession from the United States "is a deeply American principle" and that "If the possibility of secession is completely off the table there is nothing to stop the federal government

from continuing to encroach on our liberties and no recourse for those who are sick and tired of it."[189] Paul wrote the remarks in a post on his Congressional website in one of his final public statements as a member of Congress, noting that many petitions had been submitted to the White House calling

for secession in the wake of the November 2012 election.[190] Social issues Paul at the 2007 National Right to Life Committee Convention Citing the Ninth and Tenth Amendments, Paul advocates states' rights to decide how to regulate social matters not cited directly by the Constitution. He opposes

federal regulation of such matters as the death penalty[191] (although he opposes capital punishment),[192] of education,[193] of drugs, and of marriage. Regarding same-sex marriage, he stated in 2011 that "My personal opinion is government shouldn't be involved. The whole country would be better off

if individuals made those decisions and it was a private matter."[194] He endorsed revising the military's "don't ask, don't tell" policy to concern mainly disruptive sexual behavior (whether heterosexual or homosexual).[195] His abortion-related legislation, such as the Sanctity of Life Act in 2005, is intended

to negate Roe v. Wade and to get "the federal government completely out of the business of regulating state matters."[196] Paul says his years as an obstetrician led him to believe that life begins at conception.[197][198] Paul opposes the federal War on Drugs,[199] and advocates that states should

decide whether to regulate or deregulate drugs such as medical and recreational marijuana, and other substances.[200][201] In 2001, he joined with Democratic Congressman Barney Frank in helping pass the States' Rights to Medical Marijuana Act (H.R. 2592), an attempt to stop the federal government

from preempting states' medical marijuana laws.[202] Paul again partnered with Frank in support of online gambling rights. In 2006, both strongly opposed H.R. 4777, the Internet Gambling Prohibition and Enforcement Act, and H.R. 4411, the Goodlatte-Leach Internet Gambling Prohibition Act.[203][204]

Paul was critical of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, arguing that it sanctioned federal interference in the labor market and did not improve race relations. He once remarked: "The Civil Rights Act of 1964 not only violated the Constitution and reduced individual liberty; it also failed to achieve its stated goals of

promoting racial harmony and a color-blind society".[205] Paul opposes affirmative action.[206] Post-congressional career In April 2013, Paul founded the Ron Paul Institute for Peace and Prosperity, a foreign policy think tank that seeks to promote his non-interventionist views.[207] The institute is part of

his larger foundation Foundation for Rational Economics and Education. In the same month, he began to offer the Ron Paul Curriculum, a homeschool online curriculum developed by Gary North and taught from a "free market and Christian" perspective.[208] In June 2013, Paul criticized the NSA

surveillance program and praised Edward Snowden for having performed a "great service to the American people by exposing the truth about what our government is doing in secret".[209] In April 2015, Paul began appearing in infomercials for Stansberry & Associates Investment Research, warning

about an upcoming financial meltdown as a result of the imminent crash of the world's currencies.[210][211] In March 2017, Paul predicted a market downturn again.[212] Paul has been a critic of Donald Trump's plans to increase the number of military personnel in Afghanistan. In August 2017, he said

that Americans don't see Afghanistan as a threat to their personal security and being aggressive in foreign policy only loses Trump some of his support base.[citation needed][213] Paul has also called for Trump to bring American troops back from Syria in April 2018, on the grounds that the threat from

ISIS has been eliminated.[214] He continues to voice his disagreements regarding foreign policy, and more recently, regarding the events involving America and Iran.[215][216] In 2013, Paul established the Ron Paul Channel, an Internet broadcast. Its slogan was "Turn Off Your TV. Turn On the Truth."

[217][218] In 2015, Ron Paul ended all relationships with the Ron Paul Channel in order to start a new Internet program called The Ron Paul Liberty Report.[219] 2016 presidential election Paul endorsed his son, Senator Rand Paul, in the 2016 Republican primary and campaigned for him in Iowa.[220]

After his son dropped out, Paul had said that no Republican or Democratic candidate even came close to holding libertarian views.[221] Paul expressed disappointment in former New Mexico Governor Gary Johnson's Libertarian Party nomination for President, and told independent voters that Green

Party nominee Jill Stein was a better candidate for those who "lean towards progressivism and liberalism", while emphasizing that he was not endorsing her.[222] Paul received one electoral vote from a Texas faithless elector, South Texas College political science professor William Greene (who had

been pledged to Donald Trump),[223] in the 2016 presidential election,[224][225] making Paul the oldest person ever to receive an electoral vote, and the second Libertarian Party member to receive an electoral vote, after John Hospers in 1972. 2020 presidential election In the 2020 Democratic primary,

Paul described Hawaii Representative Tulsi Gabbard as "the most intelligent" and "the very, very best" option of the Democratic candidates, primarily for her views on foreign policy, adding that "We probably wouldn't agree with too much on economics."[179] Controversies Newsletters controversy Main

article: Ron Paul newsletters Beginning in 1978, for more than two decades Paul and his associates published a number of political and investment-oriented newsletters bearing his name (Dr. Ron Paul's Freedom Report, The Ron Paul Survival Report, the Ron Paul Investment Letter, and the Ron Paul

Political Report).[42] A number of the newsletters, particularly in the period between 1988 and 1994 when Paul was no longer in Congress, contained racist material that proved controversial when he returned to Congress and race for president. Topics included conspiracy theories, anti-government militia

movements, and race wars.[226] During Paul's 1996 congressional election campaign, and his 2008 and 2012 presidential primary campaigns, critics charged that some of the passages reflected racism, anti-Semitism, and homophobia.[21][227][228][229] In a 1996 interview, Paul did not deny writing the

newsletters and defended some of their contents, but specified that he opposes racism.[230][231][232] In March 2001, Paul said he did not write the commentaries, but stopped short of denying authorship in 1996 because his campaign advisers had thought it would be too confusing and that he had to

live with the material published under his name.[233][234] Half a dozen libertarian activists, including some still closely associated with Paul, pointed to Lew Rockwell as the primary ghostwriter of the newsletters. Rockwell denied responsibility for the content.[42] In 2011, Paul's spokesperson Jesse

Benton said Paul had "taken moral responsibility because they appeared under his name and slipped through under his watch."[235] Statements about responses to COVID-19 On March 16, 2020, Ron Paul criticized the government, media, and public responses to the nascent COVID-19 pandemic in a

column for his website.[236] He dismissed claims of a death rate higher than the flu as "a claim without any scientific basis" and said that the "chief fearmonger of the Trump Administration is without a doubt Anthony Fauci, head of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National

Institutes of Health," who Paul claimed was "serving up outright falsehoods to stir up even more panic." He stated, "People should ask themselves whether this coronavirus 'pandemic' could be a big hoax... That is not to say the disease is harmless. Without question people will die from coronavirus. Those

in vulnerable categories should take precautions to limit their risk of exposure. But we have seen this movie before. Government over-hypes a threat as an excuse to grab more of our freedoms. When the 'threat' is over, however, they never give us our freedoms back."[236] Personal life Paul at a rally in

Erlanger, Kentucky, in October 2010, along with his son, senatorial candidate Rand Paul of Kentucky, and his grandson, William Paul (pictured from right to left)Paul has been married to Carol (Carolyn) Wells since 1957.[237] They met in 1952 when Wells asked Paul to be her escort to her 16th birthday

party.[238][239] They have five children, who were baptized Episcopalian:[14] Ronald, Lori, Randal, Robert, and Joy. Paul's son Randal is the junior United States senator from the state of Kentucky. Raised a Lutheran, Paul later became a Baptist.[240] Since 1995, Carol Paul has published the Ron Paul

Family Cookbook, a collection of recipes she and her friends contributed, and which was sold in part to support Ron Paul's political campaigns.[241] His life and career is the subject of the 2012 film Ron Paul Uprising.[242] Paul and his wife currently reside in Lake Jackson, Texas.[243] On September 25,

2020, Paul was hospitalized after appearing to slur his words while speaking during a livestream event. Paul later posted a photo of himself in a hospital bed to his Twitter page, along with the statement "I am doing fine. Thank you for your concern".[244] Following Paul's absence from his daily show, the

Ron Paul Liberty Report, his co-host Daniel McAdams revealed Paul's daughter, Lori Pyeatt, had recently passed away as of April 2021. The cause of death was not specified.[245] Media relating to Ron Paul Books Ron Paul: Father of the Tea Party, by Jason Rink, 2011[246] Ron Paul's rEVOLution: The

Man and the Movement He Inspired, by Brian Doherty, 2012[247] Films America: Freedom to Fascism, 2006 film featuring an interview from Paul. American Drug War: The Last White Hope, 2007 documentary in which Paul has a cameo appearance. I.O.U.S.A., 2008 documentary featuring Paul among

the cast. Br¨¹no, 2009 film by Sacha Baron Cohen in which Paul has a cameo appearance. An Inconvenient Tax, 2010 documentary featuring Paul among the cast. Ron Paul Uprising, 2012 film by Wiliam Lewis.[242] Atlas Shrugged Part III: Who Is John Galt?, 2014 adaptation of Atlas Shrugged in which

Paul has a cameo appearance. Bibliography Main article: Ron Paul bibliography Paul, Ron (1981). Gold, Peace, and Prosperity: The Birth of a New Currency (PDF). Lake Jackson, Texas: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education. ISBN 9789110412804. OCLC 7877384. Retrieved July 30, 2007.

Paul, Ron; Lehrman, Lewis; U.S. Gold Commission (September 1982). The Case for Gold: A Minority Report of the U.S. Gold Commission (PDF). Washington, DC: Cato Institute (2d ed. Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2007). ISBN 978-0-932790-31-6. OCLC 8763972. Retrieved July 30, 2007. Paul, Ron

(1983). Abortion and Liberty. Lake Jackson, Texas: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education. ISBN 978-0-912453-02-6. OCLC 9682249. Paul, Ron (1983). Ten Myths About Paper Money: And One Myth About Paper Gold. Lake Jackson, Texas: Foundation for Rational Economics and

Education. OCLC 11765863. Paul, Ron (1984). Mises and Austrian Economics: A Personal View (PDF). Auburn, Alabama: Ludwig von Mises Institute (2d ed. 2004). OCLC 19968524. Retrieved July 30, 2007. Paul, Ron (1987). Freedom Under Siege: The U.S. Constitution After 200 Years. Lake Jackson,

Texas: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education (2d ed. Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2007). ISBN 978-1-61016-444-3. OCLC 19697005. Paul, Ron (1990). Challenge to Liberty: Coming to Grips with the Abortion Issue. Lake Jackson, Texas: Ron Paul Enterprises. OCLC 46960450. Paul, Ron

(1991). The Ron Paul Money Book: The Monetary Writings of Congressman Ron Paul. Plantation Publishing. Paul, Ron (2000). A Republic, If You Can Keep It. Lake Jackson, Texas: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education. OCLC 45414993. Archived from the original on September 4, 2011.

Retrieved September 6, 2011. Paul, Ron (2002). The Case for Defending America. Lake Jackson, Texas: Foundation for Rational Economics and Education. OCLC 49744552. Paul, Ron (2002). The Ron Paul ¨C Liberty In Media Awards¨C2001. Jersey City, NJ: Palisade Business Press. ISBN 978-1893958-84-5. Paul, Ron (2003). The Ron Paul ¨C Liberty In Media Awards ¨C Vol. 2¨C2002. Jersey City, NJ: Palisade Business Press. Paul, Ron (2004). The Ron Paul ¨C Liberty In Media Awards ¨C Vol. 3¨C2003. Jersey City, NJ: Palisade Business Press. ISBN 978-1-893958-24-1. Upton, Fred; Paul, Ron

(2005). Indecency in the Media: Rating and Restricting Entertainment Content: Should the House Pass H.R. 3717, the Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act?. Washington, DC: Congressional Digest Corp. OCLC 81150568. Rangel, Charles B.; Paul, Ron (2006). Compulsory National Service: 2006¨C2007

Policy Debate Topic: Should the All-Volunteer Force be Replaced by Universal, Mandatory National Service?. Bethesda, Maryland: Congressional Digest Corp. OCLC 84912971. Paul, Ron (2007). A Foreign Policy of Freedom: Peace, Commerce, and Honest Friendship. Lake Jackson, Texas: Foundation

for Rational Economics and Education. ISBN 978-0-912453-00-2. OCLC 145174995. Paul, Ron (2008). Pillars of Prosperity. Auburn, Alabama: Ludwig von Mises Institute. ISBN 978-1-933550-24-4. Paul, Ron; Haddad, Philip; Marsh, Roger (April 2008). Ron Paul Speaks. Guilford, Connecticut: Lyons

Press. ISBN 978-1-59921-448-1. OCLC 199459258. Paul, Ron (2008). The Revolution: A Manifesto. New York, NY: Grand Central Publishing. ISBN 978-0-446-53751-3. OCLC 191881970. Paul, Ron (2009). End the Fed. New York, NY: Grand Central Publishing. ISBN 978-0-446-54919-6.

OCLC 318878539. Paul, Ron (2011). Liberty Defined: 50 Essential Issues That Affect Our Freedom. New York, NY: Grand Central Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4555-0145-8. Paul, Ron (2013). The School Revolution: A New Answer for Our Broken Education System. New York, NY: Grand Central Publishing.

ISBN 978-1-4555-7717-0. OCLC 828057047. Paul, Ron (2015). Swords Into Plowshares: A Life in Wartime and a Future of Peace and Prosperity. Ron Paul Institute for Peace and Prosperity. ISBN 978-0-9964265-0-3. Paul, Ron (2017). The Revolution at Ten Years. Ron Paul Institute for Peace and

Prosperity. ISBN 978-0-9964265-5-8. Other contributions Belloc, Hilaire; Chesterton, Cecil (2007) [1911]. The Party System. Paul, Ron (foreword). Norfolk, Virginia: IHS Press. ISBN 978-1-932528-11-4. OCLC 173299105. Fortman, Erik; Lavello, Randy (2004). Webs Of Power: Government Agencies,

Secret Societies, & Elite Legacies. Paul, Ron (interview). Austin, Texas: Van Cleave Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9759670-0-3. OCLC 61026033. Haugen, David M.; Musser, Susan, eds. (2007). Human Embryo Experimentation. Paul, Ron (Chapter 9: No form of stem cell research should be federally funded).

Detroit, Michigan: Greenhaven Press. ISBN 978-0-7377-3243-6. OCLC 84152907.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link) Haugen, David M., ed. (2007). National Security. Paul, Ron (Chapter 1¨C7: The federal debt is a threat to national security). Detroit,

Michigan: Greenhaven Press. ISBN 978-0-7377-3761-5. OCLC 144227284.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link) Jaeger, James; Baehr, Theodore; Griffin, G. Edward; Paul, Ron; Vieira, Edwin (2007). Fiat Empire: Why the Federal Reserve Violates the U.S. Constitution (DVD). Beverly Hills, California:

Cornerstone-Matrixx Entertainment. OCLC 192133806. Minns, Michael Louis (2001). How to Survive the IRS. Paul, Ron (foreword). Fort Lee, NJ: Barricade Books. ISBN 978-1-56980-170-3. OCLC 44860846. Paul, Ron; Hayashi, Terry; Pardo, Victoriano & Fisher, Edwin (August 1, 1969). "Evaluation of

Renal Biopsy in Pregnancy Toxemia". Obstetrics and Gynecology. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 34 (2): 235¨C241. PMID 5798269. Paul, Ron (1999). "Being Pro-Life is Necessary to Defend Liberty". International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy. MCB University Press, Ltd.

19 (3¨C4): 11. doi:10.1108/01443339910788712. ISSN 0144-333X. OCLC 89482648 ¨C via Emerald Group Publishing. Paul, Ron; Bartlett, Roscoe et al. (2001). The United Nations & the New World Order (Videotape). Brunswick, OH: American Portrait Films, Inc. ISBN 978-1-57341-132-5.

OCLC 56793278. Pearl, Sandy; Beutel, Bill; Alis, Bob; Weingold, Dave; Paul, Ron; Bartsch, Ed (1980). Born Again (Videotape). Athens, GA: University of Georgia Instructional Resources Center. OCLC 7407395. Skousen, Mark; Weber, Chris; Ketcher, Michael, eds. (1987). The Closing Door: The End of

Financial Privacy in America and How to Protect Yourself. Paul, Ron (introduction). Bethel, Connecticut: Institute for the Preservation of Wealth (oclc/35396237 2d ed. 1988). ISBN 978-0-938689-03-4. OCLC 17209571.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text:

authors list (link) Vieira, Jr., Edwin (1983). Pieces of Eight. Paul, Ron (foreword). Fort Lee, NJ: Sound Dollar Committee. ISBN 978-0-8159-6226-7. OCLC 9919612. von NotHaus, Bernard, ed. (September 1, 2003). The Liberty Dollar Solution to the Federal Reserve. Paul, Ron (Chapter 21: Abolish the

Fed). Evansville, Indiana: American Financial Press. ISBN 978-0-9671025-2-8.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link) See also United States portal Politics portal Conservatism portal Libertarianism portal Texas portal Criticism of the Federal Reserve Draft Ron Paul movement Libertarian Republican List

of federal political scandals in the United States List of peace activists List of politicians affiliated with the Tea Party movement Paulville, Texas Young Americans for Liberty References ^ Lau, Ryan (February 3, 2018). "Ron Paul Attacks Libertarian Leadership in Response to Controversy". 71Republic.

Archived from the original on February 4, 2018. Retrieved February 3, 2018. I paid my lifetime membership, in 1987, with a gold coin, to make a point. ^ Heaster, Sean. "Ron Paul". Archived from the original on May 15, 2013. Retrieved March 2, 2013. ^ a b "Citizens for a Sound Economy" (PDF). Citizens

for a Sound Economy. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 14, 2014. Retrieved June 25, 2013. ^ Smith, James F. (December 16, 2007). "Ron Paul's tea party for dollars". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012. Retrieved September 22, 2012. ^ Green, Joshua (August

5, 2011). "The Tea Party's Brain". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on October 23, 2012. Retrieved September 22, 2012. ^ Rovner, Julie (October 25, 2011). "Before he delivered for voters, Paul delivered babies". NPR. ^ Douglas, William (January 5, 2011). "Father watches with pride as Rand Paul

becomes U.S. senator". The McClatchy Company. Archived from the original on August 26, 2012. Retrieved September 22, 2012. ^ "Faculty and Staff". Mises Institute. Retrieved April 3, 2016. ^ Trygstad, Kyle (July 12, 2011). "Ron Paul to Retire from Congress". Roll Call. Archived from the original on

September 19, 2012. Retrieved September 22, 2012. ^ a b Dinan, Stephen (May 14, 2012). "Ron Paul ends his hunt for votes". Washington Times. Archived from the original on August 22, 2012. Retrieved May 14, 2012. ^ Molly K., Hooper. "Retiring Ron Paul to make his case for liberty on college

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on September 4, 2020. Retrieved September 24, 2020. ^ Paul, Carol (March 16, 2007). "The American Dream ¨C Through the Eyes of Mrs. Ron Paul". Daily Paul. Archived from the original on October 11, 2007. Retrieved March 22, 2008. ^ Sheri & Bob Stritof. "Carol and Ron Paul Marriage Profile".

Archived October 24, 2016, at the Wayback Machine ^ "Ron Paul". Biography TV. Retrieved April 3, 2016. ^ Husna Haq (May 13, 2011). "Election 101: Ron Paul sets sights on 2012. Ten things to know about him. ¨C What is his family and religious background?". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved

August 9, 2011. ^ McDevitt, Caitlin (November 29, 2011). "Ron Paul's family publishes 2012 cookbook". Politico. Retrieved June 16, 2013.. For earlier versions see: Paul, Carol (1997). The Ron Paul family cookbook. Clute, TX. p. 16. OCLC 793200538. and Paul, Carol (2002). The Ron Paul family spring

cookbook: including "The American dream, through the eyes of Mrs. Ron Paul". Clute, TX. p. 32. OCLC 793200539. ^ a b Lewis, Debbie (June 2, 2012). "Dr. Ron Paul: Systematic extinction of the GOP". . Archived from the original on April 20, 2016. ^ Craig Hlavaty; Houston Chronicle

(July 2, 2013). "Vince Vaughn spotted mingling at Ron Paul's barbecue in Lake Jackson". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved April 3, 2016. ^ Ross, Lee; Henney, Megan (September 25, 2020). "Ron Paul hospitalized for 'precautionary' reasons in Texas, Fox News has learned". Fox News. Retrieved

September 25, 2020. ^ "Lori (Paul) Pyeatt Requiescat in pace". April 6, 2021. ^ Sanneh, Kelefa. "Party Crasher". The New Yorker. Retrieved April 18, 2021. ^ Scribd Ron Paul's rEVOLution: The Man and the Movement He Inspired by Brian Doherty Archived March 6, 2016, at the Wayback Machine

External links Ron Paulat Wikipedia's sister projectsMedia from Wikimedia CommonsNews from WikinewsQuotations from WikiquoteTexts from WikisourceData from Wikidata Ron Paul at Curlie Ron Paul at IMDb Appearances on C-SPAN Fact-checking at Issue positions and quotes at On

the Issues Congress Profile at Center for Responsive Politics Profile at GovTrack Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress Profile at Vote Smart Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission Ron Paul TV. Ron Paul presidential candidate media and

Internet video campaign. U.S. House of Representatives Preceded byBob Casey Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's 22nd congressional district1976¨C1977 Succeeded byBob Gammage Preceded byBob Gammage Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's

22nd congressional district1979¨C1985 Succeeded byTom DeLay Preceded byGreg Laughlin Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's 14th congressional district1997¨C2013 Succeeded byRandy Weber Party political offices Preceded byDavid Bergland Libertarian nominee for President

of the United States1988 Succeeded byAndre Marrou Retrieved from "

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