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The Iron CurtainIntroduction3200400198120000From: Churchill, Winston. “Iron Curtain Speech.” Westminster College. Fulton Missouri. March 5, 1946.As they defeated Germany, Soviet troops occupied Eastern Europe. At the Yalta Conference Roosevelt and Churchill were concerned that Stalinwould take over, or add Eastern European nations to its sphere of influence. There was little they could do about it because Stalin already had millions of his troops in those Eastern European nations. Stalin broke his promise to allow for free election throughout Eastern Europe after the war.The Soviet Union installed pro-Soviet governmentsin the Eastern half of Germany, and in Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, and Albania. In March 1946,Winston Churchill waned of a permanent division of the European continent in his famous “iron curtain” speech to a small college in Missouri. Up until this speech, the United States was generally grateful for the role the USSR played in ending he war. Many historians note that this speech marks the beginning of the Cold War and changed the way that the democratic West viewed the communist East.Review QuestionsWhy is it significant the Winston Churchill, the Prime Minister of England during WWII, said that the USA is the world superpower?What is the “Iron Curtain?”Looking at it from a Soviet point of view, what could be a reason why they took over Eastern Europe? (consider: Napoleon, WWI, WWII)If an Eastern European nation was in the “Soviet sphere,” what kind of government can you assume they will have?In what ways did Churchill suggest that the USA and England work together?The Iron CurtainWinston Churchill gave this speech at Westminster College, in Fulton, Missouri, after receiving an honorary degree. Churchill introduced the phrase "Iron Curtain" to describe the division between Western powers and the area controlled by the Soviet Union. As such the speech marks the onset of the Cold War.?The speech was very long, and here excerpts are presented.?The United States stands at this time at the pinnacle of world power. It is a solemn moment for the American democracy. For with this primacy in power is also joined an awe-inspiring accountability to the future. As you look around you, you must feel not only the sense of duty done, but also you must feel anxiety lest you fall below the level of achievement. ....It is my duty, however, to place before you certain facts about the present position in Europe. From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia; all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere, and all are subject, in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and in some cases increasing measure of control from Moscow….... I do not believe that Soviet Russia desires war. What they desire is the fruits of war and the indefinite expansion of their power and doctrines. But what we have to consider here today while time remains, is the permanent prevention of war and the establishment of conditions of freedom and democracy as rapidly as possible in all countries… …From what I have seen of our Russian friends and allies during the war, I am convinced that there is nothing they admire so much as strength, and there is nothing for which they have less respect than for weakness, especially military weakness….…. If we adhere faithfully to the Charter of the United Nations and walk forward in sedate and sober strength, seeking no one's land or treasure, seeking to lay no arbitrary control upon the thoughts of men, if all British moral and material forces and convictions are joined with your own in fraternal association, the high roads of the future will be clear, not only for us but for all, not only for our time but for a century to come. Churchill, Winston. “Iron Curtain Speech.” Westminster College. Fulton Missouri. March 5, 1946.The Iron Curtain-19050342265Who was Winston Churchill? Where was he from?What responsibilities does a world power have, according to Churchill?Why was Europe divided between East and West?Explain what Churchill means by “Soviet sphere.”00Who was Winston Churchill? Where was he from?What responsibilities does a world power have, according to Churchill?Why was Europe divided between East and West?Explain what Churchill means by “Soviet sphere.”-1883410-60960Who was Winston Churchill? Where is he from? What responsibilities does a world power have, according to Churchill?Why was Europe divided between East and West?What does Churchill mean when he says “Soviet sphere?”00Who was Winston Churchill? Where is he from? What responsibilities does a world power have, according to Churchill?Why was Europe divided between East and West?What does Churchill mean when he says “Soviet sphere?”Winston Churchill gave this speech at Westminster College, in Fulton, Missouri, after receiving an honorary degree. Churchill introduced the phrase "Iron Curtain" to describe the division between Western powers and the area controlled by the Soviet Union. As such the speech marks the onset of the Cold War.?The speech was very long, and here excerpts are presented.?The United States stands at this time at the pinnacle of world power. It is a solemn moment for the American democracy. For with this primacy in power is also joined an awe-inspiring accountability to the future. As you look around you, you must feel not only the sense of duty done, but also you must feel anxiety lest you fall below the level of achievement. ....It is my duty, however, to place before you certain facts about the present position in Europe. From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia; all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere, and all are subject, in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and in some cases increasing measure of control from Moscow….... I do not believe that Soviet Russia desires war. What they desire is the fruits of war and the indefinite expansion of their power and doctrines. But what we have to consider here today while time remains, is the permanent prevention of war and the establishment of conditions of freedom and democracy as rapidly as possible in all countries… -14838923595How does he suggest that the West deals with the USSR?In what was does Churchill suggest that the USA and England work together?00How does he suggest that the West deals with the USSR?In what was does Churchill suggest that the USA and England work together?…From what I have seen of our Russian friends and allies during the war, I am convinced that there is nothing they admire so much as strength, and there is nothing for which they have less respect than for weakness, especially military weakness….…. If we adhere faithfully to the Charter of the United Nations and walk forward in sedate and sober strength, seeking no one's land or treasure, seeking to lay no arbitrary control upon the thoughts of men, if all British moral and material forces and convictions are joined with your own in fraternal association, the high roads of the future will be clear, not only for us but for all, not only for our time but for a century to come. Churchill, Winston. “Iron Curtain Speech.” Westminster College. Fulton Missouri. March 5, 1946.The Iron Curtain69855715Who was Winston Churchill? Where was he from?What responsibilities does a world power have, according to Churchill?Why was Europe divided between East and West?Explain what Churchill means by “Soviet sphere.”00Who was Winston Churchill? Where was he from?What responsibilities does a world power have, according to Churchill?Why was Europe divided between East and West?Explain what Churchill means by “Soviet sphere.”Winston Churchill gave this speech at Westminster College, in Fulton, Missouri, after receiving an honorary degree. Churchill introduced the phrase "Iron Curtain" to describe the division between Western powers and the area controlled by the Soviet Union. As such the speech marks the onset of the Cold War.?The speech was very long, and here excerpts are presented.?The United States stands at this time at the pinnacle of world power. It is a solemn moment for the American democracy. For with this primacy in power is also joined an awe-inspiring accountability to the future. As you look around you, you must feel not only the sense of duty done, but also you must feel anxiety lest you fall below the level of achievement. ....It is my duty, however, to place before you certain facts about the present position in Europe. From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia; all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere, and all are subject, in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and in some cases increasing measure of control from Moscow….... I do not believe that Soviet Russia desires war. What they desire is the fruits of war and the indefinite expansion of their power and doctrines. But what we have to consider here today while time remains, is the permanent prevention of war and the establishment of -1714500-4064000conditions of freedom and democracy as rapidly as possible in all countries… 23758-63347How does he suggest that the West deals with the USSR?In what was does Churchill suggest that the USA and England work together?00How does he suggest that the West deals with the USSR?In what was does Churchill suggest that the USA and England work together?…From what I have seen of our Russian friends and allies during the war, I am convinced that there is nothing they admire so much as strength, and there is nothing for which they have less respect than for weakness, especially military weakness….…. If we adhere faithfully to the Charter of the United Nations and walk forward in sedate and sober strength, seeking no one's land or treasure, seeking to lay no arbitrary control upon the thoughts of men, if all British moral and material forces and convictions are joined with your own in fraternal association, the high roads of the future will be clear, not only for us but for all, not only for our time but for a century to come. Churchill, Winston. “Iron Curtain Speech.” Westminster College. Fulton Missouri. March 5, 1946. ................
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