Chapter 14: Looking to the West (1860-1900)



Unit 4 – Industrial America – Part One

|Unit Questions |Corresponding Text |Due Dates |Topics |

| |Chapters | | |

| | Ch 14-1 and |12/18/12 |Settling the West |

|How did the Industrial Revolution |14-3 | |Homestead act |

|contribute to the economic development of | | |Exodusters |

|the Great Plains? | | |Frontier Myths |

| | | |The American Cowboy |

|To what extent does the myth of the | | |Industry in the West – |

|American Cowboy represent our founding | | |Farming |

|principles and ideals? | | |Mining |

| | | |Ranching |

| | | | |

|Are those who fail to learn from history | | | |

|doomed to repeat it? | | | |

| | | | |

| |14-2 |12/20/12 | |

|What factors contributed to the clash | | |Conflicts with Native Americans |

|between Native American Indians and white | | |Dawes Act |

|settlers? | | |Wounded Knee |

| | | |Helen Hunt Jackson – A Century of Dishonor |

|How did America become the dominant | | | |

|political, economic, and cultural | | | |

|influence in the world? | | | |

| | | | |

| | | | |

Unit 4 – Industrial America – Part Two

|Unit Questions |Corresponding Text |Due Dates |Topics |

| |Chapters | | |

|How did America become the dominant |Ch 13-1 and |1/2/13 |Industrial Revolution |

|political, economic, and cultural |13-2 | |Capitalism |

|influence in the world? |Ch. 8 notes | |The Growth of Big Business |

| | | |Capitalism |

|How did America become the dominant | | |Robber Barons |

|political, economic, and cultural | | | |

|influence in the world? | | | |

| | | | |

|Can one individual make a difference in a | | | |

|nation’s history? | | | |

| | | | |

|To what extent did the federal government | | | |

|leaders in the period from 1865-1900 | | | |

|pursue a policy of strict laissez-faire? | | | |

| |Midterm Review Quiz 1 |1/4/13 | |

|Can one individual make a difference in a |Ch 13-3 & 4 |1/8/13 |Labor Movement |

|nation’s history? | | | |

| | | | |

|How did various grassroots movements | | | |

|attempt to overcome the challenges facing | | | |

|America? | | | |

| | | | |

|How did working conditions of | | | |

|industrialization lead to the formation of| | | |

|labor unions? | | | |

|To what extent have the founding |Ch 15-2 |1/10/13 |Immigration |

|democratic principles been expanded to |Ch 9 notes | | |

|different segments of American society? |Midterm Review Quiz 2 | | |

|What were the economic, social, and |Ch 15-3 |1/16/13 |Urbanization |

|political implications of rapid industrial|Ch 16-2 | | |

|growth and the shift from a rural to an |Midterm Review Quiz 3 | | |

|urban way of life? | | | |

|How did various grassroots movements |Ch 15-4 |1/18/13 |Reforming Industrial America |

|attempt to overcome the challenges facing |Ch 16-1 | | |

|America? |Ch 16-3 | | |

|What specific political, economic, and | | | |

|social problems in late 19th century | | | |

|America led to the call for reform? | | | |

| |Unit 4 Test |1/31/13 | |

Chapter 14: Looking to the West (1860-1900)

[pic]

 

Reading Guide - Chapter 14-1: Moving West

 

Vocabulary:

Homestead Act

 

Important Questions:

1. How did each of these influence the settlement of the West?

Railroads Government Policies Technology

 

2. What roles did women play in the settlement of the West?

Reading Guide - Chapter 14-3: Mining, Ranching, and Farming

 

Vocabulary:

Sutter's Mill

 

Turner thesis

 

1. How did each of the following impact settlement of the West?

Mining Industry Cattle Industry Barbed Wire

 

2. Why did Americans love the myth of the Cowboy?

 Reading Guide - Chapter 14-2: Conflict with Native Americans

 

Vocabulary:

Dawes Act

Briefly describe these battles:

Little Bighorn:

 

Wounded Knee

How did the disappearance of the buffalo affect the Native Americans of the Plains?

 

Why do you think the government wanted Native Americans of the Plains to settle down and become farmers?

How is the book A Century of Dishonor similar to Uncle Tom’s Cabin?

Reading Guide - Chapter 13-1: A Technological Revolution

Vocabulary:

mass production

Invention Impact

Bessemer Process

Telephone

Telegraph

Electricity

1. In what specific ways did the nation's growing transportation system help promote industrial growth?

Related Chapter Readings

Chapter 8 – The Growth of the National Economy (1790-1850), Section 1: Inventions and Innovations

▪ The American Spirit of Improvement - the continual process of bettering the general condition of humankind assisted by education and learning

▪ republican virtues - sacrificing individual needs for the good of the community, self-reliance, industry, frugality, and harmony

▪ Industrial Revolution - effort to increase production by using machines powered by sources other than humans or animals (first begun in England)

▪ interchangeable parts - where all parts are made to an exact standard so that parts could be easily replaced

▪ Transportation Revolution -

o steam power (first steam powered engine created by James Watt) used by Robert Fulton's steamboat named the Clermont in 1807

o the Erie Canal, among others opened up more rapid and easier trade routes

o national roads and turnpikes such as the Cumberland Road and other turnpikes

o early railroads

▪ Market Revolution - during the mid-1800s, Americans began buying and selling goods and services, borrowing and circulating money, and creating wealth led by the capitalistic economic forces of supply and demand

▪ manufacturing - the making of products by machinery

▪ free enterprise system (capitalism) - an economic system based on privately owned companies compete for profits in a market economy

▪ capital - wealth that can be invested to produce goods and services to make money

Reading Guide - Chapter 13-2: The Growth of Big Business

Vocabulary:

Philanthropist:

Social Darwinism:

Monopoly:

Compare and contrast these industrial giants:

Andrew Carnegie John D. Rockefeller

Industry

Method of

Consolidation

View of wealth

1. What effects did the rise of big business have on our economy?

Reading Guide - Chapter 13-3 and 13-4 Indust. and Workers & The Great Strikes

Vocabulary and People:

Jacob Riis:

Socialism:

collective bargaining:

Karl Marx:

|Unions |Knights of Labor |American Federation of Labor |

|Leaders | | |

|Members | | |

| | | |

| | | |

|Methods | | |

| | | |

| | | |

|Successes /Limitations | | |

| | | |

| | | |

Strikes Rock the Nation

|Strikes |Haymarket Riot |Homestead Strike |Pullman Strike |

|Date | | | |

|Facts of the Strike | | | |

| | | | |

| | | | |

|Government Response | | | |

| | | | |

1. What were the issues that workers were fighting for in the late 1800s?

2. What problems did women and children workers face in industrialized America of the late 1800s?

3. Why did unions emerge as a solution to the concern of workers in the late 1800s?

Reading Guide - Chapter 15-2: People on the Move

Vocabulary:

Chinese Exclusion Act:

Gentlemen's Agreement:

"new" immigration:

Related Chapter Readings

Chapter 9 – Religion and Reform (1815-1855), Section 4: Growing Divisions

▪ “old” immigration – 1830s (540,000 immigrants) & 1840s (2.8 million immigrants) from northern Europe – mainly from Germany and Ireland

▪ Irish Potato Famine (push factor causing emigration) – lasted from 1845-1849

▪ Germans sought political freedom due to political instability and rebellions in Europe in 1848

▪ Discrimination of these immigrants

-Irish worked for lower wages in Northern factories causing tension with emerging union movements

-Irish Catholics caused tension with Protestant America – which even led to some riots in May 1844 Philadelphia

1. Why did so many people want to come to the U.S. in the late 1800s and early 1900s?

2. Referring to the bar graph on page 529, which two regions of Europe did most immigrants come from between 1870-1920?

3. What were the settlement patterns of immigrants when they came to the U.S.?

Reading Guide - Chapter 15-3: The Challenge of the Cities

Vocabulary:

Urbanization:

suburbs:

tenement:

ghetto:

political machine (Tammany Hall):

| |Growth of Cities |

| | |

| | |

|Effects of Rapid Population Growth | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

1. What were the causes of urbanization in the late 1800s?

2. What advantages and disadvantages might ethnic neighborhoods have offered their residents?

3. What were the advantages and disadvantages of political machines for urban residents?

Reading Guide - Chapter 16-2: New Forms of entertainment

Vocabulary:

Yellow journalism:

|Type of Entertainment |How it was developed |Why people enjoyed it |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

1. What role do you think compulsory (mandatory) education played in bringing about a larger market for newspapers, magazines, and novels?

Reading Guide - Chapter 15-4: Ideas for Reform

Vocabulary:

Nativism:

social gospel:

settlement house (Hull House):

1. Why did anti-immigrant feelings grow in the late 1800s?

2. How did reformers try to improve city life?

Reading Guide - Chapter 16-1: The Expansion of Education

Vocabulary:

Philanthropist:

Tuskegee Institute:

| |Booker T. Washington |W.E.B. DuBois. |

|Backgrounds | | |

| | | |

| | | |

|How did both men view | | |

|education? | | |

| | | |

| | | |

1. How did public schools help to Americanize (assimilate) the immigrants?

2. As far as literacy rates, was the expansion of education successful in the U.S. during the late 1800s and early 1900s?

3. In what ways were the experiences of women and African Americans similar with regard to access to higher education?

Vocabulary:

Jim Crow:

Plessy v. Ferguson:

NAACP and Niagara Movement:

1. How did white society discriminate against African-Americans?

2. What actions did African Americans take to fight for their rights?

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Reading Guide – 16-3: The World of Jim Crow

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