Synthesis of Fatty Acids

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Synthesis of Fatty Acids and Triacylglycerol

Lippincott's Chapter 16

Fatty Acid Synthesis

? Mainly in the Liver

? Requires

? Carbon Source: Acetyl CoA

? Reducing Power: NADPH

8 CH3COO

? Energy Input: ATP

C15H33COO

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Why Energy ?

Fatty Acid

Acetyl CoA Go : -ve

Acetyl CoA

Fatty Acid Go : +ve

Why Energy ?

Fatty Acid

Acetyl CoA Go : -ve

Acetyl CoA + n(ATP)

Fatty Acid + n(ADP) Go : -ve

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FA Degradation and Synthesis

Acyl CoA (n)

Oxidation

Acyl CoA (n+2)

reduction

Hydration

dehydration

Oxidation

Thyolysis

Acyl CoA (n-2) + Acetyl CoA

reduction condensation

Acyl CoA(n) + Malonyl CoA AcetylCoA

Carboxylation of Acetyl CoA Produces Malonyl CoA

O

CH3-C-CoA

O

O

-OC -CH2-C-CoA

CO2 ATP

ADP + Pi

Acetyl CoA Carboxylase Biotin-Containing Enzyme

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Fatty Acid Synthase Catalyzes the remaining steps

? Multifunctional Enzyme Complex ? Dimer of two Identical Chains ? Each has Seven Catalytic Activities

? One activity is Condensing Enzyme with ?SH ? One Domain is known as Acyl Carrier Protein

? Carries Intermediates during Catalysis ? (Acyl, Acetyl and Malonyl Groups) ? A protein joined to Phosphopantheine group ? Reactive SH group

Phosphopantetheine group is part of ACP

and ?

phosphate

-Mercapto ethylamine

Adenine

Ribose

Pantothenic acid

Protein

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Phosphopantetheine group is part of ACP

and ?

phosphate

-Mercapto ethylamine

Adenine

Ribose

Pantothenic acid

Fatty Acid Synthesis (Overview)

Acetyl-CE (Acyl-CE) + Malonyl ACP

(n)

(3)

CO2

Ketoacyl ACP (n+2)

Acyl ACP

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