FLORIDA STORMWATER EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION …

FLORIDA STORMWATER EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL

INSPECTOR'S MANUAL

Florida Department of Environmental Protection Nonpoint Source Management Section Tallahassee, Florida

July 2008

This publication was funded in part by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection with a Section 319 Nonpoint Source Management Program Grant from U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency. i

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CONTENTS

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................IX

INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................XI

Purpose and Contents

xi

CHAPTER 1: EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION ................................................. 1

1.1 The Erosion Process

1

1.2 Types of Water Erosion

2

1.3 Factors Influencing Erosion

2

1.4 Impacts of Erosion and Sedimentation

4

1.5 Erosion and Sediment Hazards Associated with Land Development

5

1.6 Principles of Erosion and Sediment Control

6

CHAPTER 2: SOILS .............................................................................................. 9

2.1 Introduction to Soils

9

2.2 Soil Classification and Properties

10

2.3 Soil Surveys

15

CHAPTER 3: REGULATIONS AND STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS ............... 17

3.1 Introduction

17

3.2 NPDES Stormwater Permitting Regulations and Statutory

Requirements

19

3.3 Construction Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Template

25

CHAPTER 4: BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL....................................................... 33

4.1 Construction Sequencing

33

4.2 Pollution Source Controls on Construction Sites

36

4.3 Stabilized Construction Exit

39

4.4 Perimeter Controls

44

4.5 Storm Drain Inlet Protection

75

4.6 Temporary Sediment Trap

95

CHAPTER 5: BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR DEWATERING OPERATIONS ............................................................................. 125

5.1 Introduction

125

5.2 Limitations

127

5.3 Implementation

127

5.4 Inspection and Maintenance

128

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CHAPTER 6: BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR STORMWATER MANAGEMENT ........................................................................... 147

6.1 Introduction

147

6.2 Earthwork Specifications

149

6.3 Stormwater Retention Basin

150

6.4 Exfiltration Trench

153

6.5 Porous Pavement

163

6.6 Concrete Grid and Modular Pavement

165

6.7 Stormwater Detention Basin

167

6.8 Underdrain and Filtration Systems

171

6.9 Swales

177

6.10 Stormwater Conveyance Channel

182

6.11 Paved Flume

186

6.12 Diversion

188

6.13 Check Dam

192

6.14 Outlet Protection

194

6.15 Riprap

199

6.16 Grid Confinement System

203

6.17 Cellular Concrete Block

206

6.18 Maintenance

211

CHAPTER 7: BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES--VEGETATION FOR EROSION CONTROL .................................................................. 221

7.1 Introduction

221

7.2 Surface Roughening

221

7.3 Topsoiling

227

7.4 Temporary Seeding

229

7.5 Permanent Seeding

231

7.6 Sodding

235

7.7 Mulching

241

7.9 Tree Preservation and Protection

263

7.10 Vegetative Streambank Stabilization

271

CHAPTER 8: THE EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN................... 279

8.1 Introduction

279

8.2 Elements of the Erosion and Sediment Control Plan

279

8.3 Implementing the Erosion and Sediment Control Plan

281

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CHAPTER 9: INSPECTION AND ENFORCEMENT.......................................... 285

9.1 Introduction

285

9.2 The Role of the Inspector

285

9.3 Site Inspection

287

9.4 Regulatory Agencies

295

REFERENCES.................................................................................................... 315

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1. Table 2.2. Table 4.1. Table 4.2.

Table 4.3.

Table 5.1. Table 6.1. Table 7.1. Table 7.2.

USDA Particle Size Classes ........................................................................11 USDA Soil Permeability Classes .................................................................13 Size of Slope Drain ......................................................................................61 Minimum Top Width (W) and Outlet Height (Ho) Required for Sediment Trap Embankment According to Height of Embankment (feet) ............................................................................................................96 Minimum Pipe Diameter for Pipe Outlet Sediment Trap According to Maximum Size of Drainage Area .................................................................97 Comparison of Dewatering Technologies ..................................................126 Grass Establishment Alternatives ..............................................................180 Organic Mulch Materials and Application Rates ........................................242 Conditions Where Vegetative Streambank Stabilization Is Acceptable .................................................................................................274

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2.2. Figure 4.3a. Figure 4.3b. Figure 4.3c. Figure 4.4a. Figure 4.4b. Figure 4.4c. Figure 4.4d. Figure 4.4e. Figure 4.4f. Figure 4.4g. Figure 4.4h. Figure 4.4i. Figure 4.4j. Figure 4.4k. Figure 4.4l.

Guide to the Textural Classification of Soils ________________________11 Temporary Gravel Construction Entrance _________________________41 Soil Tracking Prevention Device _________________________________42 Construction Entrance with Wash Rack ___________________________43 Silt Fence __________________________________________________47 Installing a Filter Fabric Silt Fence _______________________________48 Double Row Staked Silt Fence __________________________________50 Proper Placement of a Silt Fence at the Toe of a Slope_______________50 Temporary Diversion Berm _____________________________________55 Temporary Fill Diversion _______________________________________57 Overside Drain ______________________________________________60 Flared End Section Schematic __________________________________61 Flared End Section Specifications _______________________________62 Temporary Slope Drain________________________________________64 Slope Drain _________________________________________________65 Type I and II Floating Turbidity Barriers ___________________________70

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