2020 Census Research: Uses of Census Bureau Data in Federal …

Uses of Census Bureau Data in Federal Funds Distribution

Issued September 2017 Version 1.0 Prepared by Marisa Hotchkiss, Jessica Phelan

2020 Census Research

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Table of Contents

List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Executive Summary....................................................................................................................................... 3 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 8 2. Scope..................................................................................................................................................... 9 3. Methodology....................................................................................................................................... 13 4. Limitations........................................................................................................................................... 14 5. Results ................................................................................................................................................. 16 6. Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 24 7. References .......................................................................................................................................... 25 8. Appendices.......................................................................................................................................... 27

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2020 Census Research

List of Tables

Table 1: Federal Assistance Distributed Using Census Bureau Data in Fiscal Year 2015............................ 16 Table 2: Largest Programs Using Census Bureau Data to Distribute Funds ............................................... 20 Table 3: Programs Not Included in the 2009 Estimate of Funds Distributed ............................................. 21 Table 4: Programs Without a Funding Estimate for Fiscal Year 2015......................................................... 22 Table 5: Programs With a Change in Ranking of 15 Positions or More Between Fiscal Year 2007 and Fiscal Year 2015 (Among Programs with a Funding Estimate in Each Year) ........................................................ 22

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2020 Census Research

Executive Summary

This working paper documents an updated estimate of the federal funds distributed each year in whole or in part using U.S. Census Bureau data. This paper finds that 132 programs used Census Bureau data to distribute more than $675 billion in funds during fiscal year 2015.

In 2009, the Census Bureau issued a working paper that found more than $400 billion of federal funds were distributed using Census Bureau data (Blumerman, 2009). This estimate was frequently used to illustrate the value of accurate Census Bureau data to the public, as part of the effort to encourage timely survey and census responses. However, the "more than $400 billion" estimate was based on fiscal year 2007 funding. As the Census Bureau actively prepares for the 2020 Census, an updated estimate becomes increasingly important.

Census Bureau data, for the scope of this analysis, include decennial census program data (decennial census data, American Community Survey [ACS] data, and geographic program data) as well as data from related programs that use decennial census data as a critical input. This analysis examines the current distribution of funds, and includes those federal programs using Census Bureau data to distribute funds, in one of three ways:

Selection and/or restriction of recipients of funds. Programs use Census Bureau data to define either the characteristics of populations served by the program or the characteristics of governments and organizations eligible to receive funds to provide those services.

Award or allocation of funds. Programs use Census Bureau data to determine the funds distributed to eligible recipients and providers.

Monitoring and assessment of program performance. Programs use Census Bureau data to ensure programs function as designed, to encourage and award effective administration of programs, and to explore alternative methods of funds distribution.

Table 1 shows the fiscal year 2015 funds distributed using Census Bureau data. The programs are ranked by the fiscal year 2015 funding, from largest to smallest.

Table 1: Federal Assistance Distributed Using Census Bureau Data in Fiscal Year 2015

Federal

Executive

CFDA

Department or

number1 Program Name

Agency2

Fiscal Year 2015 Funds

93.778 Medical Assistance Program

HHS

$311,805,244,413

10.551

93.774

(part)

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Medicare Part B Physicians Fee Schedule Services

USDA HHS

$71,035,786,000 * $70,300,000,000 **

20.205 Highway Planning and Construction

DOT

$38,479,013,855

84.063 Federal Pell Grant Program

ED

$29,916,694,438

10.555 National School Lunch Program

USDA

$18,915,944,292

93.558 Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

HHS

$17,225,738,021

14.871 Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher

HUD

$15,761,488,440 *

84.010 Title 1 Grants to Local Educational Agencies

ED

$14,253,154,251

84.027 Special Education Grants to States

ED

$11,382,885,850

93.600 Head Start

HHS

$8,538,887,781

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CFDA number1

10.557 20.507

Program Name

Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children Federal Transit Formula Grants

93.658 93.596

Foster Care Title IV-E

Child Care Mandatory and Matching Funds of the Child Care and Development Fund

14.195 Section 8 Housing Assistance Payments Program

93.767 State Children's Health Insurance Program

10.553 School Breakfast Program

93.568

14.269 17.225

Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Hurricane Sandy Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery Grants (CDBG-DR) Unemployment Insurance

84.126 Vocational Rehabilitation State Grants

93.659 Adoption Assistance

84.367 Improving Teacher Quality State Grants

16.575 14.218 93.959

Crime Victim Assistance

Community Development Block Grants/Entitlement Grants

Block Grants for Prevention and Treatment of Substance Abuse

93.667 Social Services Block Grant

20.500 Federal Transit Capital Investment Grants

Federal Executive Department or Agency2

USDA DOT HHS

HHS HUD HHS USDA HHS

HUD DOL ED HHS ED DOJ

HUD

HHS HHS DOT

84.048 17.260 14.239 10.427 17.258 17.259 84.365 15.611 14.872

14.228 10.558 93.914 20.509 84.002

93.994

Career and Technical Education - Basic Grants to States WIA Dislocated Workers Home Investment Partnerships Program Rural Rental Assistance Payments

WIA/WIOA Adult Program WIA/WIOA Youth Activities English Language Acquisition Grants Wildlife Restoration

Public Housing Capital Fund Community Development Block Grants/ State's Program and Non-Entitlement Grants in Hawaii Child and Adult Care Food Program HIV Emergency Relief Project Grants Formula Grants for Rural Areas Adult Education - Basic Grants to States Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant to the States

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ED DOL HHS USDA DOL DOL ED DOI HUD

HUD USDA HHS DOT ED

HHS

Fiscal Year 2015 Funds

$6,062,899,861 $5,452,882,796 $5,409,221,818

$5,314,103,129 $4,367,081,456 $4,212,457,713 $4,057,189,000 * $3,387,315,199

$3,347,522,549 $3,015,880,910 $2,932,617,340 $2,901,418,709 $2,321,910,864 $1,928,657,781

$1,779,474,572

$1,723,345,919 $1,575,899,959 $1,491,401,116

$1,098,985,194 $1,010,980,037

$848,108,000 * $795,000,475 $771,878,641 $764,793,658 $727,569,726 $720,904,545 $719,156,346

$667,903,155 $660,751,878 $645,489,152 $601,037,662 * $557,949,255

$536,169,122

2020 Census Research

CFDA number1 Program Name

93.958 20.513

Block Grants for Community Mental Health Services Capital Assistance Program for Elderly Persons and Persons with Disabilities

84.181 Special Education Grants for Infants and Families

Federal Executive Department or Agency2 HHS

DOT ED

Fiscal Year 2015 Funds $457,267,659

$432,094,952 * $429,905,218

10.760 10.500 17.235 14.867 84.173 94.006 97.044

Water and Waste Disposal Systems for Rural Communities Cooperative Extension Service Senior Community Service Employment Program Indian Housing Block Grants Special Education Preschool Grants Americorps Assistance to Firefighters Grant

USDA USDA DOL HUD ED CNCS DHS

$414,491,094 $413,918,790 $374,310,441 $368,483,675 $352,914,028 $327,792,073 $306,000,000 *

10.569 14.231 16.738 93.645 10.766

10.203 20.218 14.241 81.042 17.801 84.358 45.310 20.600 16.588 14.157 20.505 97.046 66.460 59.037

93.630 14.889

93.671

10.568

Emergency Food Assistance Program (Food Commodities) Emergency Shelter Grants Program Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program Child Welfare Services State Grants Community Facilities Loans and Grants Payments to Agricultural Experiment Stations Under the Hatch Act National Motor Carrier Safety Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS Weatherization Assistance for Low-Income Persons Disabled Veterans' Outreach Program (DVOP) Rural Education Grants to States State and Community Highway Safety Grant Program Violence Against Women Formula Grants Supportive Housing for the Elderly Federal Transit Metropolitan Planning Grants Fire Management Assistance Grant Nonpoint Source Implementation Grants Small Business Development Centers Developmental Disabilities Basic Support and Advocacy Grants Choice Neighborhoods Implementation Grants Family Violence Prevention and Services/Grants for Battered Women's Shelters Grants to States and Indian Tribes Emergency Food Assistance Program (Administrative Costs)

USDA HUD DOJ HHS USDA

USDA DOT HUD DOE DOL ED NFAH DOT DOJ HUD DOT DHS EPA SBA

HHS HUD

HHS

USDA

$298,883,966 $289,353,454 $275,830,777 $268,735,000 * $240,139,746

$223,243,781 $212,461,977 $174,780,730 $172,848,875 $171,035,409 $162,701,541 $154,834,410 $141,907,346 $133,026,239 $129,858,342 $125,159,396 * $123,415,762 $120,130,463 $114,013,850

$108,428,406 $102,745,388

$94,500,000 *

$73,712,787

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CFDA number1 Program Name

11.307 Economic Adjustment Assistance

Water Pollution Control State, Interstate, and Tribal 66.419 Program Support

Cooperative Agreement to Support Navigators in 93.332 Federally Facilitated and State Partnership Marketplaces

11.419 Coastal Zone Management Administration Awards

93.150 Projects for Assistance in Transition from Homelessness

66.805 Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund Program

93.623 Basic Center Grant

15.634 10.770

State Wildlife Grants Water and Waste Disposal Loans and Grants (Section 306C)

66.432 State Public Water System Supervision

14.181 Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities

Federal Executive Department or Agency2 DOC

EPA

HHS DOC HHS EPA HHS DOI

USDA EPA HUD

84.186

10.205 45.025

16.540 93.235 17.265 45.129 66.801

93.138 15.904 81.041 10.923 10.769

84.187

93.047 93.669

16.589 10.576 15.626

Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities State Grants ED

Payments to 1890 Land-Grant Colleges and Tuskegee University

USDA

Promotion of the Arts Partnership Agreements

NFAH

Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Allocation to

States

DOJ

Abstinence Education Program

HHS

Native American Employment and Training

DOL

Promotion of the Humanities Federal/State Partnership NFAH

Hazardous Waste Management State Program Support EPA

Protection and Advocacy for Individuals with Mental

Illness

HHS

Historic Preservation Fund Grants-in-Aid

State Energy Program

Emergency Watershed Protection Program

Rural Business Enterprise Grants Supported Employment Services for Individuals with Significant Disabilities Special Programs for the Aging Title VI, Part A, Grants to Indian Tribes Part B, Grants to Native Hawaiians

DOI DOE USDA USDA

ED

HHS

Child Abuse and Neglect State Grants Rural Domestic Violence, Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, and Stalking Assistance Program Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program

Hunter Education and Safety Program

HHS

DOJ USDA DOI

84.240 Program of Protection and Advocacy of Individual Rights ED

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Fiscal Year 2015 Funds $69,967,293

$68,618,949

$67,000,000 $66,687,490 $61,573,000 $54,057,100 $53,626,724 $53,276,493

$52,409,095 $51,795,701 $50,186,668

$49,999,134

$49,223,794 $48,349,300

$47,659,339 $44,766,964 $43,976,172 $42,483,960 $39,337,185

$35,314,703 $34,171,710 $33,315,648 $31,140,000 * $27,176,612

$26,631,671

$25,546,456 $25,310,000

$22,055,876 $19,161,760 $17,494,459

$17,325,788

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