Funding sources to research
Possible Existing Funding Sources for Preschool*
• Title I
• State Preschool Program
• State Preschool and Family Literacy (AB 172)
• Head Start
• General Child Care and Development Program
• First 5 School Readiness Initiative
• First 5 Power of Preschool Demonstration Grants
• Child Care Food Program
• Early Reading First
• Community-Based English Tutoring Program (CBET)
• Adult Education: Basic Grants to States
• Special Education- Preschool Grants
• Even Start – Family Literacy Program
• Migrant Education Even Start (MEES) Family Literacy Program
Potential Funding Sources for Wraparound Care*
• Child Care and Development Block Grant (CCDBG)
• CalWORKS – Alternative Payment Program
Additional Possible Sources of Revenue
Direct Services
• Sales Tax
• Charter Amendments
Facilities
• Property Tax (Real Estate Tax)
• General Obligation Bonds/Bond Measures
• Developer Fees
*Updated by AIR, October 2006. Adapted from the UCLA Center for Healthier Children, Families and Communities Financing School Readiness Efforts Toolkit (Oct.2002).
|Title I Grants to Local Education Agencies |
|(Title I, Part A, NCLB of 2001) |
|Administering Agencies |U.S. Department of Education, Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (OESE); California Department of Education|
|Type of Program |Formula Grants |
|Description |Title I, Part A, Improving the Academic Achievement of the Disadvantaged Program, is now part of the No Child Left |
| |Behind legislation, and is the largest federal education program for elementary and secondary schools. |
| | |
| |The NCLB Act encourages the use of Title I, Part A funds for Preschool programs. Any Title I school may use the |
| |funds to operate a Preschool program. Or a Local Educational Agency (LEA) may reserve an amount off the top to |
| |operate a Preschool program for Preschool children in the district as a whole or for a portion of the district. |
| | |
| |Title I funds are targeted to high poverty schools and districts and used to provide educational services to students|
| |who are educationally disadvantaged or at risk of failing to meet state standards. |
| | |
| |Title I serves over 12.5 million children across the nation in roughly 14,000 school districts and 48,000 schools. |
| |Roughly 90% of all school districts nationally receive Title I funds and approximately 24% of all public school |
| |students are affected by Title I services provided at the local level. |
| | |
| |In 1999-2000, 17% of Title I LEAs nationwide spent an estimated $407 million on Preschool services, making Title I |
| |second only to Head Start in its level of federal Preschool education funding. However, while Preschool children |
| |(ages 3 and 4) represent more than 12% of the children eligible for Title I, they compose only 2% of the children |
| |actually receiving Title I services. |
|Applicability for |Title I funds may be used to: (1) Create a new Preschool at the district or school level, (2) Expand an existing |
|Preschool |Preschool by adding more children, more time or more services; and (3) Improve the quality of existing Preschool |
| |programs. For example, Title I funds may be used for: |
| |Teacher salaries |
| |Parent education/involvement |
| |Professional development |
| |Counseling services |
| |Minor remodeling |
| |Leasing or renting of space in a community facility or home as well as in a public school building. |
| | |
| |Preschool services may be provided at any location that other Title I services may be provided, including public |
| |school buildings, public libraries, community centers, privately owned facilities(including facilities owned by |
| |faith-based organizations), the child’s home, and other appropriate settings. |
|Amount of California |Total preliminary funding for 2006-2007 is expected to be $1.635 billion in Title I funds. Total funding for 2005-06|
|Funding |was $1.687 billion in Title I funds with 57 districts reserving a total of $13.5 million for Preschool. This was an |
| |increase from 2004-2005 funding of $1.576 in Title I funds with 52 districts reserving $13.0 million for Preschool |
|Special Features |Schools that receive Title I funds may operate a targeted assistance program or a school-wide program. |
| | |
| |To operate a school-wide program, schools must have a child poverty rate of at least 40 percent. School-wide |
| |programs are not required to identify eligible students; all children in the attendance area are eligible for |
| |Preschool services. |
|Contact info (National) | |
|Contact info (State) |Preschool funds: Carol Dickson, Title I Policy and Partnerships Office |
| |(916) 319-0382 cdickson@cde. |
| |; |
| |FY funding and funding results prior years |
| | |
| |Preliminary Title I, Part A Entitlements by LEA, 2007-08 |
| | |
| |Information updated July 2007 |
|State Preschool Program |
|Administering Agencies |California Department of Education, Child Development Division |
|Type of Program |Competitive Grants and |
| |Non-competitive expansion of contracts |
|Description |Administered by CDE, CDD through contracts with school districts, county offices of education, colleges, community |
| |action agencies, and private non-profit agencies, this program served 77,012 children in October 2003. |
| |Usually a part-day, part-year program that emphasizes Preschool and parent education along with some health, |
| |nutrition and social services, the program serves Preschool children ages 3-5 from low-income families (60% of the |
| |State Median Income, although 10% of participants can come from families up to 75% of SMI). |
| | |
| |Programs must meet Title 5 standards relating to teacher qualifications and staff-child ratios, which are stricter |
| |than those for Title 22 licensed child care. |
|Applicability for Preschool|Preschool for All could allow this program, established more than 60 years ago, to expand its services to serve more|
| |disadvantaged children and at the same time reach out to those above the income ceiling. Preschool for All could |
| |also allow the program to raise standards and improve teacher compensation. |
|Amount of Funding |Existing contractors saw a rate increase to $20.30 per day for 175-180 days in 2005-06. The rate in 2007-08 is |
| |$21.22. |
|Special features |First priority is given to child protective services children; then priority is given to children from families with|
| |the lowest adjusted monthly income. Then priority is given to eligible 4-year-olds. If income is the same, the |
| |contractor may establish the following priorities in an order determined by the contractor: limited English |
| |proficiency, exceptional need, and children form families who special circumstances may diminish the child’s |
| |opportunities for normal development. |
|Contact info (State) |Karen Almquist (916) 322-5939 kalmquis@cde. (fiscal) |
| |RFA Team (916) 322-6233 cumbay@cde. |
| |See also funding opportunities on the CDE website at |
| |. |
| |Information updated October 2006. |
|State Preschool and Family Literacy |
|Administering Agencies |California Department of Education |
|Type of Program |Formula Grant and/or Competitive Grant |
|Description |This law amends existing law, the Child Care and Developmental Services Act. The new legislation |
|(As Approved September 7, 2006) |amends the state preschool program to add a component focused on decile 1-3 school attendance areas. |
| |The law appropriates $50 million in the Budget Act of 2006 for child development and preschool programs|
| |as follows: $45 million for expanding state preschool programs located in deciles 1-3 and $5 million |
| |for family literacy services. In addition, $5 million of unearned contract funds from the Budget Act |
| |of 2005 is appropriated for direct child care services for children in part-day preschool classrooms. |
|Applicability for County Preschool |This law expands State Preschool in decile 1-3 API schools and add a family literacy component that |
|Plan |includes: provision of literacy services to families, creating a partnership between each program and |
| |an adult education program, and promoting parental involvement in participating classrooms |
|Amount of Funding |$50 million from Budget Act of 2006 and $5 million from Budget Act of 2005. |
|Special Features |Participating providers will be encouraged to offer full-day services through a combination of part-day|
| |preschool slots and part-day general child care and development programs.. |
|Authors of Bill |Principal Coauthors: Assembly Member Chan, Senator Escutia |
| |Coauthors: Assembly Members Berg, Bermudez, Cohn, Coto, Evans, Hancock, Jones, Koretz, Leno, Lieber, |
| |Liu, Montanez, Mullin, Nava, Parra, Pavley, Ruskin, Salinas, and Yee |
| |Coauthors: Senators Figueroa, Florez, Kuehl, Lowenthal, and Ortiz |
|Contact info (State) |Linda Parfitt at CDE lparfitt@cde. |
|Head Start |
|Administering Agencies |The Head Start Preschool and comprehensive services program is administered by the Head Start Bureau, the |
| |Administration on Children, Youth and Families (ACYF), Administration for Children and Families (ACF), Department of|
| |Health and Human Services (DHHS). Grants are awarded by the ACF Regional Offices and the Head Start Bureau's |
| |American Indian and Migrant Program Branches directly to local public agencies, private non-profit and for-profit |
| |organizations, Indian Tribes and school systems for the purpose of operating Head Start programs at the community |
| |level. State agencies are generally not involved in the administration of Head Start; however, a number of states |
| |are funding additional Head Start services through state funds. In addition, the federal government grants |
| |additional funding to states that develop unified plans for early care and education that includes participation |
| |from Head Start agencies. Beginning in 1992, ACYF awarded the state of California funds to launch the Head Start |
| |Collaboration Project. One of its purposes is to help link child care and development programs with Head Start |
| |services to create full-day services. |
|Type of Program |Project Grants |
|Description |The Head Start program has a long tradition of delivering comprehensive and high quality services designed to foster|
| |healthy development in low-income children. Head Start grantee and delegate agencies provide a range of |
| |individualized services in the areas of education and early childhood development; medical, dental, and mental |
| |health; nutrition; and parent involvement. In addition, the entire range of Head Start services is responsive and |
| |appropriate to each child's and family's developmental, ethnic, cultural, and linguistic heritage and experience. |
|Applicability for Preschool|Head Start programs offer an important vehicle for the delivery of preschool services in both new and upgraded Head |
| |Start spaces that meet preschool standards. |
|Amount of Funding |FY 03: $6,666,783,000l FY 04: $6,773,909,000 |
| |FY 05 appropriation: $6,843,114,000 |
| |California FY 2005 $829,439,955 FY2006 $812.7 million |
|Special features |Funding and eligibility is limited to low-income children (family income below the federal poverty level) between |
| |the ages of 3 and 5 (70% of Head Start funds are currently spent on 4-year-olds) and to children with disabilities. |
| | |
| |All Head Start programs must adhere to Program Performance Standards. The Head Start Program Performance Standards |
| |define the services that Head Start Programs are to provide to the children and families they serve. They constitute|
| |the expectations and requirements that Head Start grantees must meet. They are designed to ensure that the Head |
| |Start goals and objectives are implemented successfully, that the Head Start philosophy continues to thrive, and |
| |that all grantee and delegate agencies maintain the highest possible quality in the provision of Head Start |
| |services. |
|Contact info (National) |Kevin Costigan |
| |Head Start Bureau, DHHS |
| |330 C Street, Switzer 2224 |
| |Washington, DC 20447 |
| |Telephone: (202) 205-8396 |
| |Email: kevin.costigan@acf. |
| |Website: |
|Contact info (State) |Michael Zito, (Coordinator of the Collaboration Office) |
| |California Department of Education |
| |Head Start State Collaboration Office |
| |1430 N Street, Suite 3410 |
| |Sacramento, CA 95814 |
| |Phone: (916) 323-9727 |
| |E-mail: mzito@cde. |
|First 5 PoP (Power of Preschool) Demonstration Grants |
|Administering Agencies |First 5 California Children and Families Commission |
|Type of Program |Competitive Grants |
|Description |Power of Preschool Demonstration Projects are a voluntary, universal, free, high-quality, part-day |
| |preschool program for all four year-olds (or three and four year-olds) at a system-level (school |
| |district(s), city or county) that is designed to implement the preschool recommendations of |
| |California’s Master Plan for Education. The program will assist preschoolers in becoming personally, |
| |socially, and physically competent, effective learners and ready to transition into kindergarten. |
| |These PoP Projects will meet the First 5 California Quality Criteria that addresses program aspects, |
| |teaching staff qualifications, policy and fiscal items and family partnerships needs. |
|Applicability for Preschool |$90M will be used to contribute to the County Commission PoP Demonstration Projects over 5 years for |
| |funding new and improved preschool spaces in school district(s), city, or countywide preschool |
| |‘systems' that include high quality providers in a variety of settings. |
|Amount of Funding |$100M approved for First 5 PoP in July 2003: $90M for PoP Demonstration Projects and $10M for PoP |
| |Quality Set Aside |
|Special features |Nine Counties are approved to serve approximately 85,000 preschoolers over the five-year period. The |
| |counties are: Los Angeles, Merced, San Diego, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Mateo, Santa Clara, |
| |Venture and Yolo. Each county’s program is unique in its delivery system of achieving high quality |
| |preschool experiences for its children. |
|Contact info (State) |Power of Preschool |
| |First 5 California Commission for Children and Families |
| |501 J Street, Suite 530 |
| |Sacramento, CA 95616 |
| |(916) 324-7775 |
|Child Care Food Program |
|Administering Agencies |U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, California Department of Education, Nutrition Division |
|Type of Program |Formula Grants |
|Description |This program provides grants to state to fund local food services programs for children in nonresidential child |
| |care. The objectives of the program are to improve the diets of children less than 13 years of age by providing the|
| |children with nutritious, well-balanced meals and develop good eating habits in children that will last through |
| |later years. |
|Applicability for Preschool|Major source for nutritious meals for Preschool programs |
|Amount of Funding |National FY 2004 $1.7 billion, FY 2005 $1.7 billion |
| |California FY 2004 $216 million FY 2005 $223 million |
| |2006-07 amount available: $1.6 billion |
|Special Features |Eligible public and nonprofit private organizations include child care centers, outside-school-hours care centers, |
| |settlement houses, family and group child care homes, infant centers, Preschool centers, Head Start programs, Even |
| |Start programs, and institutions providing child care services to children with disabilities. Private for-profit |
| |centers may also participate if they receive compensation under Title XX for at least 25% of the enrolled children |
| |or 25% of the licensed capacity, whichever is less. |
|Contact info (National) |Child Nutrition Division, Food and Nutrition Services |
| |U.S. Dept. of Agriculture |
| |3101 Park Center Drive |
| |Alexandria, VA 22303 |
| |(703) 305-2590 |
|Contact info (State) |Danette McReynolds |
| |(916) 322-8313 dmcreynolds@cde. |
| |Nutrition Services Division |
| |California Department of Education |
| |1430 N Street, Suite 1500 |
| |Sacramento, CA 95814 |
| |Website for program info: |
| |Information updated August 2007 |
|Early Reading First |
|Administering Agencies |U.S. Department of Education, Office of Elementary and Secondary Education |
| |California Department of Education, Reading/Language Arts Leadership Office |
|Type of Program |Discretionary Competitive Grants |
|Description |Early Reading First (ERF), part of the No Child Left Behind Act, is an initiative designed to transform existing |
| |early education programs into centers of excellence that provide high-quality, early education to young children, |
| |especially those from low-income families. The overall purpose of the Early Reading First Program is to prepare |
| |young children to enter kindergarten with the necessary language, cognitive, and early reading skills to prevent |
| |reading difficulties and ensure school success. |
|Applicability for Preschool |Projects must provide the following activities: 1) provide Preschool age children with high-quality oral language |
| |and print-rich environments, 2) provide professional development for staff that is scientifically based and will |
| |assist with developing children’s oral language, phonological awareness, print awareness, and letter recognition, |
| |3) identify and provide activities and instructional material and 4) acquire, provide training in the use of, and |
| |implement screening assessments. |
|Amount of Funding |National FY 2005 $104 million FY2006 $103 million FY 2007 $118 million |
| |Funding to projects in California FY 2004 $ 4.7 million FY 2005 $3.2 million FY2006 $2.2 million FY2007 $9.6 |
| |million |
|Special Features |Applicants must serve primarily children from low-income families. Department of Education plans on holding another|
| |competition for grants in 2005. |
|Contact info (National) |Rebecca (Becky) Haynes (202) 260-0968 |
| |Early Reading First Program |
| |Early Childhood Education and Reading Student Achievement and School, Accountability Program |
| |US Department of Education, |
| |Office of Elementary and Secondary Education |
| |400 Maryland Ave., SW. |
| |Washington, DC 20208-5524 |
| |Website: |
|Contact info (State) |Jeff Cohen |
| |California Department of Education |
| |Reading/Language Arts Leadership Office |
| |1430 N Street, Suite 2409 |
| |Sacramento, CA 95814 |
| |(916) 323-4629 |
| |Website: |
| |Information Updated October 2006 |
|General Child Care and Development Program |
|Administering Agencies |U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families |
| |California Department of Education, Child Development Division |
|Type of Program |Competitive Grants |
|Description |Meets the same standards as the State Preschool Program. It is the state’s largest contracted early care and |
| |education program, and utilizes centers and family child care networks to provide full-day services, including an |
| |educational component, to children birth to 12. The majority of the funds are to be used to provide child care |
| |services to families who meet certain income and need criteria. A portion of the funding (at least 4 percent of |
| |the block grant amount) is to be used for activities to improve the quality of child care. |
|Applicability for Preschool |This program could expand the number of spaces for children it serves, expand its services to serve more |
| |disadvantaged children, raise program standards, provide professional development and improve teacher compensation.|
| |It can also be used for facilities renovation and purchasing of materials. |
|Amount of Funding |California 2007-08: $43.9 million |
| |FY 2005-06 $633 million, FY2004-2005, $631 million, FY 2003-04 $610 million. Every two years, states and |
| |territories receiving must prepare and submit to the federal government a plan detailing how these funds will be |
| |allocated and expended. |
| |Provider reimbursement rates per child hour: 2005-06: $32.89 2006-07: $34.38 |
|Special features |These programs provide an educational component that is developmentally, culturally, and linguistically appropriate|
| |for the children served. The programs also provide meals and snacks to children, parent education, referrals to |
| |health and social services for families, and staff development opportunities to employees. |
|Contact info (State) |California Department of Education |
| |Child Development Division |
| |560 J Street, Room 220 |
| |Sacramento, CA 95814 |
| |(916) 322-6233 |
| |Website: |
| |RFA: (due December 9, 2007) |
|First 5 School Readiness Initiative |
|Administering Agencies |First 5 California Children and Families Commission |
|Type of Programs |Matching Funds Program with Local First 5 Commissions |
|Description |The School Readiness (SR) Program is the centerpiece of First 5 California’s work with children 0-5 |
| |and their families. The purpose of the SR Program is to improve the ability of families, schools, and|
| |communities to prepare children to enter school ready to learn. A primary function of the SR Program |
| |is to coordinate the effective delivery of quality services and supports for California’s youngest |
| |children and their families. School readiness efforts focus on communities with low-performing |
| |schools as measured by Academic Performance Index (API) and can be based at schools or in |
| |school-linked settings. Since 2001 SR Programs have provided a variety of direct services and |
| |supports for children and families including, early education programs with kindergarten transition |
| |activities, parent education, health insurance enrollment and access to ongoing health care, oral |
| |health screening and treatment, comprehensive screenings, family literacy programs, and nutrition |
| |education and assessments. Almost 60% of the children in the targeted communities are English |
| |learners and 70% are from low-income households. |
|Applicable for Preschool |There are currently 206 SR Programs statewide. Every SR Program must provide services to children 0-5 |
| |in the following 4 result areas: Improved Family Functioning, Improved Child Development, Improved |
| |Health, and Improved Systems of Care. All 206 Programs are school based or linked and require planned|
| |articulation meetings between early care and education providers and elementary school teachers and |
| |staff. |
|Amount of Funding |Cycle 1 - $206.5 Million approved July 2001 |
| |Cycle 2 - $206.5 Million approved March 2006 |
| |Every dollar allocated to the counties has a cash match of 1:1 from the local County Commission and/or|
| |its partners. Total cash investment in School Readiness during each 4-year cycle is approximately |
| |$412 Million. This amount does not reflect the valuable in-kind contributions of the numerous |
| |collaborative partners statewide. |
|Special features |The SR Program is the only First 5 California funded program that operates in every county. There are|
| |currently 206 funded SR Programs. Each Program is locally designed to serve the needs of that |
| |particular community. Inclusive governance, family participation, results based accountability and |
| |access to high quality and culturally competent early care and education opportunities for children |
| |and families from diverse backgrounds form the foundation of this work. |
|Contact info (State) |Yvette Rowlett, Administrator |
| |School Readiness Partnerships Office |
| |2389 Gateway Oaks, 2nd Floor |
| |Sacramento, CA 95833 |
| |(916) 323-7593 |
| |yrowlett@ccfc. |
|Community-Based English Tutoring Program (CBET) |
|Administering Agency |California Department of Education, |
| |Language Policy and Leadership Office |
|Type of Program |Formula Grant |
|Description |The Community-Based English Tutoring (CBET) Program helps local educational agencies provide free or subsidized |
| |programs of English language instruction to parents or other adult members of the community who pledge to provide |
| |personal English-language tutoring to California school children with limited-English proficiency. |
| | |
| |Changes to the program as of 2007-08: |
|Applicability for Preschool |Communities could take advantage of the funding to promote literacy in parents of Preschoolers, and collaboration |
| |between elementary schools and licensed and license-exempt family child care providers. If family child care |
| |providers were involved in the program, they could pledge to tutor English learners in their care, thereby helping |
| |to strengthen Preschoolers’ school readiness. |
|Amount of Funding |Funding is determined using a formula of the total number of English learners enrolled in the LEAs that participate |
| |in the CBET Program in any particular fiscal year (FY). For FY 2004-2005 the formula was based on a statewide |
| |allocation of $50 million and a total enrollment of 1,599,542 English learners in the participating LEAs. This |
| |calculates to a per pupil allocation of $32.00. Similar levels of funding are expected in future years. |
| |2006-07 funding was $50 million. |
|Special features |An eligible LEA is any school district or county office of education that enrolled one or more English learners in |
| |the previous school year. |
|Contact info (State) |David Almquist |
| |Language Policy and Leadership Office |
| |California Department of Education |
| |1430 N Street, Suite 4309 |
| |Sacramento, CA 94814-5901 |
| |916-323-5124 |
| | |
| |Information updated March 2007 |
|Adult Education: Basic Grants to States |
|(Adult Education and Family Literacy Act of 1998) |
|Administering Agencies |Federal – U.S. Department of Education, Office of Vocational and Adult Education |
| |State – California Department of Education, Adult Education Program |
|Type of Program |Formula Grant to States |
| |Competitive Grants to Agencies |
|Description |The federal Adult Education and Family Literacy Act, enacted as Title II of the Workforce Investment Act, |
| |provides federal funding to supplement adult education programs in both public and private non-profit |
| |institutions. The goal of this program is to enable adults to become more employable, productive, and |
| |responsible citizens through literacy. The California Adult Education Program serves state and national |
| |interests by providing life-long educational opportunities and support services to all adults. The Adult |
| |Education programs address the unique and evolving needs of individuals and communities by providing adults |
| |with the knowledge and skills necessary to participate effectively as productive citizens, workers, and |
| |family members. |
|Applicability for Preschool |Communities could take advantage of the funding to strengthen the literacy skills of adults in the community.|
| |These strengthened literacy skills could, in turn, positively affect the literacy and school readiness skills|
| |of the children in the community. |
|Amount of Funding |Total, State Grants, FY2007: $564 million; FY2006: $564 million; FY2005: $570 million; FY2004: $574 million; |
| |FY2003: $561 million |
| |Total, California, FY2005: $64 million; FY2004: $64 million; FY2003: $63 million. |
|Special features |Benefits out-of-school adults who are 16 years of age or older who lack sufficient mastery of basic |
| |educational skills (including speaking, reading, and writing English) to enable them to function effectively |
| |in society. Formula grants are made to designated eligible State agencies. Client agencies are limited to the|
| |following by the Education Codes: Unified School Districts, High School Districts, and County Offices of |
| |Education. |
|Contact info (National) |Joyce Campbell - Joyce.Campbell@ |
| |U.S. Department of Education |
| |Office of Vocational and Adult Education (OVAE), Division of Adult Education and Literacy (DAEL) |
| |U.S. Department of Education, OVAE |
| |Division of Adult Education and Literacy |
| |400 Maryland Ave., S.W., 11010, PCP |
| |Washington, DC 20202-7100 |
| |Telephone (202) 245-7756 |
| |Website: |
| |(California allocations) |
|Contact info (State) |California Department of Education, Adult Education Office |
| |1430 N Street |
| |Sacramento, CA 95814 |
| |Telephone: (916) 322-2175 |
| |Website: |
| |Information updated October 2007 |
|Special Education – Preschool Grants |
|Administering Agencies |Federal – U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services |
| |State – California Department of Education, Special Education Division |
|Type of Program |Formula Grants |
|Description |This program provides grants to states to make special education and related services available to children,|
| |ages 3 through 5, with disabilities, and at a State’s discretion, to two-year-old children who will reach |
| |age three during the school year. |
|Applicability for Preschool |LEAs who receive these funds can collaborate with on-site Preschools to provide inclusive Preschool |
| |programs. |
|Amount of Funding |California Appropriation, 2007: $38.7 million; 2006 $38.7 million; 2005: $39.2 million, 2004: $39.6 million.|
| | |
|Special features |Funds are distributed to eligible entities through a formula based on general population and poverty. At |
| |their discretion, states may include preschool-age children who are experiencing developmental delays, as |
| |defined by the state and as measured by appropriate diagnostic instruments and procedures, who need special |
| |education and related services. States, at their discretion, and LEAs, if consistent with state policy, may |
| |also use funds received under this program to provide a free and appropriate public education to 2-year-olds|
| |with disabilities who will turn 3 during the school year. |
|Contact info (National) |Monitoring and State Improvement Planning Division |
| |Office of Special Education Programs |
| |U.S. Department of Education |
| |550 12th Street, SW |
| |Washington, DC 20202-2600 |
| |Telephone: (202) 245-7629 |
| |Website: |
|Contact info (State) |Barbara McDonald |
| |California Department of Education |
| |Special Education Division |
| |Telephone: (916) 327-3536 |
| |Website: |
| |Fiscal info: |
| |Information updated October 2007 |
|Even Start – Family Literacy Program |
|(Title I, Part B of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act) |
|Administering Agencies |Federal - U.S. Department of Education, Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (OESE) |
| |State - California Department of Education, Family Literacy Programs |
|Type of Program |Formula Grants to States |
| |Competitive sub-grants to Local Education Agencies and partners |
|Description |This program is designed to address the basic educational needs of parents and children up to age eight from |
| |low-income families by providing a unified program of the following: (1) adult basic or secondary education and |
| |literacy programs for parents; (2) assistance for parents to effectively promote their children’s educational |
| |development; and (3) early childhood education. Projects provide some services directly, and build on existing |
| |community resources by collaborating with other service providers. |
|Applicability for Preschool|Funds could be used for expansion of existing programs: adding additional spaces for children, extending hours of |
| |program, and adding more staff. |
|Amount of Funding |California – 2007 (estimate): 9.5 million; 2006: $12.2 million; 2005: $27.7 million; 2004 $31.5 million |
| | |
|Special features |Applicant eligibility: State educational agencies (SEAs). The subgrantees are partnerships of a local educational |
| |agency (LEA) and a nonprofit community-based organization, a public agency other than a LEA, an institution of |
| |higher education or other public or private nonprofit organizations. Any of the latter, with demonstrated quality,|
| |may apply in collaboration with a LEA. Beneficiary Eligibility: Parents eligible for participation under the Adult|
| |Education Act and their children aged birth through seven. Families must be in need of Even Start Services, as |
| |indicated by a low income level and low level of adult literacy or English language proficiency, or other |
| |need-related indicators. |
|Contact info (National) |Tanielle Johnson – 202-205-9588 |
| |Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (OESE) |
| |U.S. Department of Education |
| |400 Maryland Avenue, SW |
| |(Room 3W230-FOB-6) |
| |Washington, D.C. 20202-6132 |
| |Telephone: 202-260-0826 |
| | |
|Contact info (State) |Salvador Arriaga – 916-319-0275 |
| |Even Start Office |
| |Child Development Division |
| |Curriculum and Instruction Branch |
| |California Department of Education |
| |1430 N Street, Suite 3410 |
| |Sacramento, CA 95814 |
| |Telephone: 916-319-0848 |
| |Website: |
| |Information updated October 2007 |
|Migrant Education Even Start (MEES) Family Literacy Program |
|Administering Agencies |Federal - U.S. Department of Education, Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (OESE) |
|Type of Program |Discretionary/Competitive Grants |
|Description |Migrant Education Even Start is a program designed to break the cycle of poverty and improve the literacy of |
| |migrant families through a unified program of family literacy services. These services are defined in law as |
| |early childhood education, adult basic education or English Language instruction, and parenting education. |
| |Projects provide a number of services and strategies to help parents and children meet their educational goals |
| |and to support parents in their role as their child's first teacher. Services are provided to migrant |
| |agricultural families that qualify for the program under Title I, Part C of the ESEA. |
|Applicability for Preschool |Communities could take advantage of the funding to strengthen the literacy skills of adults and children in the |
| |community. Funds could be used for expansion of existing programs: adding additional spaces for children, |
| |extending hours of program, and adding more staff. |
|Amount of Funding |2007: $2.5 million; 2006 $3.0 million, 2005 $7.9 million () |
|Special features |This program serves children from birth through age seven and their parents who are eligible to participate in |
| |an adult basic or adult secondary education program under the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act. Eligible|
| |applicants include state education agencies that administer migrant education programs, local education agencies|
| |(LEAs) that have a high percentage of migrant students, and nonprofit community-based organizations that work |
| |with migrant families. |
|Contact info (National) |DonnaMarie Fekete: donnamarie.fekete@ |
| |U.S. Department of Education |
| |Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (OESE) |
| |Office of Migrant Education |
| |400 Maryland Avenue, S.W., Rm. 3E313, FB-6 |
| |Washington, D.C. 20202-6135 |
| |Telephone: (202) 260-1164 |
| | |
| |Information updated October 2007 |
|Child Care and Development Block Grant (CCDBG) |
|(Discretionary Fund of the Child Care and Development Fund) |
|Administering Agencies |U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families |
| |California Department of Education, Child Development Division |
|Type of Program |Formula Grants to states |
| |Contracts to agencies based on competitive application process |
|Description |To make grants to states to assist low-income families with child care and to: (1) Allow each state maximum |
| |flexibility in developing child care programs and policies that best suit the needs of children and parents |
| |within the state; (2) promote parental choice to empower working parents to make their own decisions on the child|
| |care that best suits their family’s needs; (3) encourage states to provide consumer education information to help|
| |parents make informed choices about child care; (4) assist states to provide child care to parents trying to |
| |achieve independence from public assistance; and (5) assist states in implementing the health, safety, licensing,|
| |and registration standard establish in state regulations. |
|Applicability for Preschool |Could help to finance the non-preschool hours of service for preschool children who need full day care. |
| |Obtaining new preschool funds for preschool children could also help free up CCDBG funds for infants and toddlers|
| |on the waiting list for subsidized child care. |
|Amount of Funding |National FY 2006 $5 billion |
| | |
| |California FY 2007 $537 million |
|Special Features |Not more than 5% of aggregate amount of funds may be expended for administrative costs incurred by the State to |
| |carry out all of its functions and duties. |
| |Beneficiaries are children under age 13 (or up to 19, if disabled or under court supervision), who reside with a |
| |family whose income does not exceed 85% (75% in California) of the State Median Income for a family of the same |
| |size, and who reside with a parent (or parents) who is working or attending job training or education program; or|
| |are in need of, or are receiving protective services. |
|Contact info (National) |Child Care Bureau |
| |U.S. Department of Health and Human Services |
| |Administration for Children and Families |
| |Office of Family Assistance |
| |370 L'Enfant Promenade, S.W. |
| |5th Floor East |
| |Washington, DC 20447 |
| |Phone Number: (202) 690-6782 |
| |Fax Number: (202) 690-5600 |
| |Web site: |
|Contact info (State) |California Department of Education |
| |Child Development Division |
| |1430 N Street |
| |Sacramento, CA 95814 |
| |(916) 319-0800 |
| |Website: |
| |Information updated October 2007 |
|“CalWORKs” (California’s Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, or TANF, Program) |
|Administering Agencies |U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, California Department of |
| |Health and Human Services |
| |State supervised, County administered |
|Type of Program |Formula Grants |
|Description |CalWORKS is the monthly cash assistance program for poor families with children under age 18. Families that |
| |receive CalWORKS may also be eligible for child care services, such as help paying child care costs. The County |
| |will explain to the family what services are available. The goal of this program is to program is to help a family |
| |transition smoothly from the immediate, short-term child care needed as the parent starts work or work activities |
| |to the stable, long-term child care necessary for the family to leave and remain off aid. |
| |The CalWORKS Child Care Program is administered in three stages. Stage One is administered by the county welfare |
| |departments. Stage 1 begins when a participant enters the CalWORKS grant program and engages in activities pursuant|
| |to a welfare-to-work plan developed by the CWD for each family. The CWDs refer families to resource and referral |
| |agencies to assist them in finding child care providers. Stage Two is administered by Alternative Payment Program |
| |(APP) and CalWORKS families are transferred into Stage 2 when the CWD deems the family to be stable. Participation |
| |in Stage 1 and/or Stage 2 is limited to two years after the family stops receiving a CalWORKS grant. Stage 3 is |
| |administered by APP agencies. A family can move to this stage when it has exhausted its two-year limit in Stage 1|
| |and/or Stage 2 (referred to as timing out), and for as long as the family remains otherwise eligible for child care|
| |programs. |
|Applicability for Preschool|Could help to finance the non-preschool hours of service for preschool children who need full day care. Obtaining |
| |new preschool funds for preschool children could also help free up CalWORKS funds for infants and toddlers on the |
| |waiting list for subsidized child care. |
|Amount of Funding |In FY 2007, $16.5 billion was available for TANF. |
| |State FY 2006-2007 $ 1.1 billion |
| | |
|Special Features |Adults cannot receive CalWORKS benefits for more than five years (a lifetime limit). Adults who receive CalWORKS |
| |benefits must get a job when the state says that they are ready. |
|Contact info National |Office of Family Assistance |
| |Administration for Children and Families |
| |370 L'Enfant Promenade, SW |
| |Washington, DC 20447 |
| |Phone: 202.401.9275 |
| |FAX: 202.205.5887 |
| | |
|Contact info (State) |Employment & Eligibility Branch |
| |744 P St., MS 16-26 |
| |Sacramento, CA 95814 |
| |For Employment 916-654-2137 |
| |For Child Care 916-657-2144 |
| | |
| | |
| |Information updated October 2007 |
|Sales Tax |
|Administering Agencies |State and local government |
|Description |Most common and lucrative way for states and localities to generate revenue. Some examples of how child care is |
| |supported through the sales tax: child care resource and referral services, grants to nonprofit centers for |
| |improvements and child care tuition assistance for low-income working families. See table for individual county |
| |rates. Sales tax differs from use tax in that sales tax is a tax on purchases, whereas use tax is levied on |
| |consumption. In practice, however, the taxes are very similar; both are charged to the final purchaser of an item |
| |as a percentage of its retail price. The main difference is that the vendor is responsible for sending sales taxes|
| |to the authorities, while the final purchaser is responsible in the case of use taxes. |
|Applicability for Preschool|Generates revenue needed to build/renovate facilities and program improvements such as expand length of program, |
| |expand number of slots available to children, raise compensation for teachers. |
|Special features |May levy the tax on all purchases, while others exempt certain types of goods (e.g. food), prescription drugs, and|
| |clothing. See table for individual county rates. |
|Example of use |City of West Sacramento – Yolo County |
| | |
| |In November 2002, Yolo County voters approved Measure K, a ½ cent sales tax to be reduced to ¼ cent in 2012. |
| |Measure K was a “general purpose” tax, which required only a majority vote. Funds can be spent on a variety of |
| |infrastructure needs including roads/traffic, law enforcement, parks and recreation, and after school programs, |
| |youth activities, and child care. |
| |PRESCHOOL activities fit into the three last categories. |
| | |
| |Two separate funding streams from Measure K include: |
| |One-time funds of between $112,500-$225,000 for facilities operations |
| |On-going funds of up to $1.4 million for maintenance of programs started with one-time funds |
| | |
| |Support for the tax, which passed by an overwhelming majority, was generated as follows: |
| |Door-to-door campaign – a key component was realizing that West Sacramento is a small town and that there is an |
| |inherent responsibility to your neighbor. |
| |Every elected official backed the campaign and used their names as the endorsement committee |
| |An education campaign accompanied the measure to inform residents that West Sacramento was well below the tax rate|
| |of other cities in the County. |
| |Measure allows funding for a variety of services so that there is “something for everyone” |
| |Measure K was accompanied by Measure J, which establishes an advisory committee to provide input to the City |
| |Council on how funds should be spent. |
|Website(s) for info | |
| | |
| | |
| |Information updated October 2007 |
|Prop H (Public Education Enrichment Fund) – San Francisco |
|Administering Agencies |SF Board of Supervisors |
| |City and County San Francisco |
|Description |San Francisco voters passed Proposition H in March 2004 to enrich public education generally, including a |
| |provision to provide all four year old children who are City residents the opportunity to attend Preschool. |
| |Prop. H will phase in payments for education enrichment over five years, starting in 2005 with $10 million for |
| |three years before jumping to $45 million in 2008 and $60 million in 2009. As stated below, one-third of the |
| |funds are stipulated for universal Preschool. |
|Applicability for Preschool |Will provide necessary revenue for specific needs such as subsidies, new facility development and provider |
| |support for both family child care homes and child care centers. It will also address the need for additional |
| |slots in universal Preschool and childcare slots, beginning in four neighborhoods in 2005 and spreading citywide |
| |over the next five years. |
|Special features |Each year during the term of this measure (2005-2010), the City shall appropriate one-third of the money in the |
| |Public Education Enrichment Fund to the First Five Commission for universal Preschool programs administered by |
| |the Commission. |
|Website(s) for info | |
| | |
| |Information updated October 2007 |
|Property Tax (Real Estate Tax) |
|Administering Agencies |State government and local government |
|Description |A significant source of revenue for local government is property taxes. Property taxes typically are levied on |
| |real estate (land and buildings) based on its assessed value. Such taxes may be levied by one or more units of |
| |local government, such as the town and/or county in which the property is located and by a local school district.|
| |For example, 17% of San Francisco’s City/County revenues come from property taxes. One way to generate funds for|
| |child care is to increase property/real estate taxes and earmark the increase for this purpose. |
|Applicability for Preschool |Can be used for covering costs of Preschool such as program expansion, program improvement, professional |
| |development/training for teachers, higher compensation for teachers, etc. |
|Special features |The property/real estate tax provides a steady source of revenue, less affected by downturns in the economy. |
| |They are relatively easily administered at the local level, revenues can be accurately predicted and the tax |
| |burden is fairly equitably distributed. Property taxes may be levied by "special taxing districts," which are |
| |independent, usually single-purpose units of local government. These districts are legal entities separate from |
| |general-purpose local governments such as cities, towns and counties, although they may share boundaries with a |
| |local government unit. Special districts are fiscally and administratively independent of local government. |
|Example of Use |In November 1991, San Francisco voters passed Proposition J – The Children's Amendment, establishing a baseline |
| |of funding for children's services, called the “Children's Fund”, which is overseen by the Department of |
| |Children, Youth and Their Families. The Children's Fund is supported by revenues from an additional property tax |
| |levy (equivalent to an annual tax of two and one-half cents [$0.025] per one hundred dollars [$100] of assessed |
| |value), and estimated to allocate over $14 million annually to children's services through the annual Children's |
| |Services Plan. |
| |The Children's Fund is used solely to provide services to children less than 18 years old, and services may only |
| |include child care, job readiness, training and placement programs, health and social services (including |
| |prenatal services to pregnant women), education programs, recreation, delinquency prevention and library |
| |services. |
|Website(s) for info | |
| | |
| |Information updated October 2007 |
|General Obligation Bond/Bond Measures |
|Administering Agencies |Local government |
|Description |A form of borrowing commonly used to fund school facilities. These bonds are used for capital outlay and are financed|
| |through taxes. School districts can request support from local taxpayers by holding elections for general obligation |
| |bonds. Local school bonds require approval by either a 55% (with conditions) or a two-thirds vote. Local G.O. bonds|
| |are financed through an increase in local property taxes. |
|Applicability for |Can be used for renovating, reconstructing, and building new facilities and for acquiring certain new equipment |
|Preschool | |
|Special features |School districts can seek either two-thirds approval or 55% voter approval. If districts seek the 55% voter |
| |approval, they must meet additional accountability requirements. Then the district must abide by several |
| |administrative requirements, such as establishing a committee to oversee the use of the funds. Although both state |
| |and local bonds are G.O. bonds, people often use the term G.O. to refer only to local bonds for school facilities. |
|Example of Use |Measure K Lodi (San Joaquin) |
| |Voters of the Lodi Unified School District passed the local school bond Measure "K" of $109.3 million in March 2002, |
| |which authorized the sale of general obligation bonds. The measure required approval by fifty-five percent (55%) of |
| |the voters. This G.O. bond has allowed them to have 5 new schools under construction, and have recently completed |
| |classroom additions to 3 existing schools. |
| |Measure C4 - Simi Valley (Ventura) |
| |Voters of the Simi Valley Unified School District voted to allow the District to incur bonded indebtedness and passed|
| |Measure C4, authorizing the issuance and sale of $145 million general obligation bonds, in March 2003. The District |
| |has committed that the proceeds from the bonds will be used only for the construction, reconstruction and/or |
| |rehabilitation of school facilities, the acquisition of or lease of real property for school facilities. |
|Website(s) for info | |
| | |
| |FArticle%2Easp%3Ftitle%3DEducation%2520Issues (must enter entire string) |
|Developer Fees |
|Administering Agencies |Local government |
|Description |Developer fees are charged by school districts on new residential and commercial construction. Prior to the |
| |passage of Proposition 1A, school districts were limited in the amount of school facility developer fees they |
| |could charge. Also, as a result of a series of court decisions in the years preceding the passage of Proposition|
| |1A—known as the Mira, Hart, and Murietta decisions—cities and counties were able to impose additional school |
| |facility fees on development as a condition of obtaining land use approval. |
|Applicability for Preschool |Can help offset the costs of the new school construction and upgrading facilities. |
|Special features |For a school district to impose a fee in excess of the level I amount, it must meet specified conditions |
| |relating to local bond activity, year-round student enrollment, and use of "relocatable" classrooms. The amount |
| |of fees that can be charged over the level I amount is determined by the district's total facilities needs and |
| |the availability of state matching funds. If there is state facility funding available, districts are able to |
| |charge fees equal to 50 percent of their total facility costs, termed "level II" fees. If, however, there are no|
| |state funds available, "level III" fees may be imposed for the full cost of their facility needs (that is, twice|
| |the amount of the level II fees) |
|Example of Use |The City of West Sacramento (Yolo County) adopted a Developer Fee Ordinance that can be used to support the |
| |development of Preschool/childcare facilities and equipment which is estimated to generate $250,000-$300,000, |
| |depending on the pace of development. |
|Website(s) for info | |
| |CA_Housing_Fin_Agency_anl01.htm (must enter entire string) |
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The California Preschool Planning Toolkit: October 2007
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