The Biology of the Laboratory Rabbit, 2nd Edition, 1994
The Biology of the Laboratory Rabbit
Manning, P.J. , D. H. Ringler, and C.E. Newcomer, eds. 1994
2nd ed. 1994, Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Chapter 9, "Viral Diseases" pages 171-204.
Questions:
1. Which viral diseases of rabbits are of public health importance (i.e. zoonotic)?
2. In which section of the US is Myxoma virus endemic; what is the natural reservoir?
3. Myxoma virus and rabbit (Shope) fibroma virus are members of what genus? Family?
4. What is the principal mode of transmission of myxomavirus?
5. The Utrecht strain of rabbitpox is likely a laboratory variant of what human virus?
6. Which of the following is NOT a common pathological finding in rabbits with rabbitpox virus?
1. Subcutaneous edema and edema of the mouth
2. Enlarged yellowish liver with gray nodules
3. Vesicles and pustules similar to human variola infection
4. Testicular necrosis
7. Leporid herpesvirus 1 is a(n) ______ herpes virus, while Leporid herpesvirus is a(n) _______ herpesvirus
1. Alpha, beta
2. Gamma, unclassified
3. Gamma, beta
4. Beta, gamma
1. Which of the following is false regarding cottontail rabbit papillomavirus?
1. This disease was the first recognition of an oncogenic virus in mammals
2. Embryonic rat skin is susceptible to virus, but regression generally occurs
3. Neoplastic transformation only occurs in epidermis-bearing hair follicles
4. Inoculation can be performed by skin scarification, intradermal or intramuscular injection
2. The malignant tumors that arise from papillomas are _________.
3. T/F: Rabbit oral papillomavirus infects only leporids.
4. To what viral family does rotavirus belong?
5. At what age do endemically infected rabbits begin to shed rotavirus?
6. How is rotavirus shed?
7. What are the common clinical signs seen in rotavirus outbreaks?
8. Name three rule-outs for diarrhea in rabbits
9. T/F: Antibodies to infectious cardiomyopathy vir! us (aka pleural effusion disease) cross-react with feline infectious peritonitis virus, canine caronavirus and procine transmissible gastroenteropathy virus.
10. Which of the following is true regarding rabbit enteric coronavirus?
1. Rabbits with diarrheal disease are usually geriatric adults
2. The feeding of hay, delay in weaning and administration of coccidiostats have been shown to be effective in preventing mortality
3. The virus has been demonstrated in t! he feces of healthy rabbits
4. The agent is fairly easy to propagate in vitro
11. What is the etiological agent (provisionally classified) of rabbit hemorrhagic disease?
12. What is the morbidity and mortality rate of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus?
1. 0-25% morbidity; 0-25% mortality
2. 25-50% morbidity; 50-70% mortality!
3. 50-70% morbidity; 25-50% mortality
4. 70-100% morbidity; 70-100% mortality
13. What is the eventual cause of death with rabbit hemorrhagic disease?
14. T/F: Persistent infection may develop on exposure to the tissue-derived virus for rabbit hemorrhagic disease
15. Rabbits that survive rabbit hemorrhagic disease shed virus in their feces for at least _______ month(s)?
16. The European brown hare virus is similar to what other viral disease?
17. Name two paramyxoviruses that have been isolated from rabbits.
18. T/F: Sendai virus causes moderate severe respiratory infections in rabbits.
19. T/F: Infection with the togaviruses eastern and western encephalitis viruses have been detected in snowshoe hares.
20. Antibodies to St. Louis encephalitis virus, a membe! r of the _________ virus family, have been detected in snowshoe hares.
Answers:
1. None; there were no reports of spread between rabbits and humans
2. western US; brush rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)
3. genus = Leporipoxvirus; family = Poxviridae
4. arthropods which feed on rabbits (mosquitoes, biting flies, gnats, lice)
5. vaccinia virus
6. c
7. b
8. d
9. squamous cell carcinomas
10. T
11. Reoviridae
12. 4 to 7 weeks of age
13. In the feces
14. diarrhea (severe, watery or mucous), anorexia, dehydration; 60-80% mortality
15. Rotavirus, coccidiosis, salmonellosis, Tyzzer’s disease, clostridial enterotoxemia, colibacillosis
16. T
17. C
18. Calicivirus
19. d ( 70-8-% morbidity; almost 100% mortality)
20. acute disseminated coagulopathy with deep vein thrombosis
21. T
22. One
23. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease
24. Rabbit syncytium virus; Sendai virus
25. F
26. T
27. Flavivirus (Japanese encephalitis subgroup)
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