Dunbar Middle School Tournament 2008



Dunbar Middle School Tournament 2008

Round 9 by Sandy Huang

1. Later works in this writer’s life include Astoria while The Alhambra was produced during his time in Spain. He also produced biographies of Washington and Columbus and a satire of historians in A History of New York. The titular character in one of his short stories drinks from a dwarf’s keg with his dog Wolf in the Catskills and in another, two men are rivals for Katrina Van Tassel’s love. For 10 points, name this writer best known for his The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon that included the short stories Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleep Hollow.

ANSWER: Washington Irving

2. This structure has a Casparian strip which contains suberin and it can resist compression while its increased tensile strength is due to pectin and cross linking glycans. In fungi this structure takes the form of chitins and it is composed of a polymer with 1,4-beta glycosidic linkages called cellulose. Due to its turgor pressure, it prevents plant cells from undergoing cytolysis. For 10 points, name this rigid permeable structure absent from an animal cell that surrounds the plasma membrane of most plant cells.

ANSWER: cell wall

3. James Wilkinson was dismissed by this statesmen after disclosing the Conway Cabal, a group of generals led by Thomas Conway who wished to replace him. He is depicted in a questionable standing manner in an 1851 painting by Gottlieb Leutze. His term as president included the signing of Jay’s Treaty, the crushing of the Whiskey Rebellion, appointing of Hamilton as the Secretary of Treasury, and the appointing of Jefferson as the Secretary of State. For 10 points, name the first president of the United States.

ANSWER: George Washington

4. After seeing Da Vinci’s The Last Supper, this artist wanted to fix the problem of symmetry which led to his painting The Wedding of Samson. He was commissioned by Uylenburgh to paint group portraits, one of them being The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicholas Tulp. In one of his paintings two of the figures are wearing red and an angelic red headed woman in a yellow costume can be seen between those two figures. For 10 points, name this misunderstood Dutch painter of The Shooting Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq or Nightwatch.

ANSWER: Rembrandt [or Rembrant] Harmenszoon van Rign [or van Rign]

5. This philosopher taught Pheidippides how to use argumentative skills to beat his father in Aristophanes’ The Clouds. He attends a party in the Symposium, defends himself against charges of impiety in the Apology, and converses with Glaucon in The Republic. During his trial for impiety he was convicted by a vote of 280 to 221 because of his religious unorthodoxy and dangerous teachings that corrupted the youth of Athens. For 10 points, name this Greek philosopher who died after drinking hemlock.

ANSWER: Socrates

6. This Biblical figure’s analogy, told in Sumerian myth by Berosus, is Utnapishtim although that story differs from his story. Like his grandfather, Methuselah, he went to the ends of the earth to consult Enoch, a possible father of one of his possible wives, but because of this man's drunkenness, a curse was placed on his grandson, Canaan. He was the originator of vineyard cultivation and had three sons: Shem, Japeth, and Ham. For ten points, name this hero of the biblical Flood who built the Ark.

ANSWER: Noah [or Noe]

7. This structure underwent reconstruction in the late 1950’s at Badaling and extends from the Jiayu Pass to the Shanhai Pass. Due to the policy of huairou, or mollification, towards Mongolia and Tibet under the Qing (ching), it fell into disuse and gradual ruin. After the unification of its home country, its construction began in 214 BCE and lasted a decade under the Qin (chin) Emperor Shi Huangdi. For 10 points, name this 4500 mile long structure built mainly during the Ming Dynasty which contrary to popular belief can not be seen from space.

ANSWER: Great Wall of China [or Wanli Changcheng]

8. This politician’s mother wrote a book on the working conditions of peasant blacksmiths while working for the Ford Foundation in Java leading to his attendance of St. Francis Assisi Catholic and State Elementary School Menteng in Jakarta. In 2004 he defeated a former resident of Maryland, Republican Alan Keyes, in a historical Illinois Senate race in which both leading candidates were African American. He was also the first African American to serve as president of the Harvard Law Review in 1990. For 10 points, name our soon to be 44th president.

ANSWER: Barack Hussein Obama Jr.

9. Works by this writer include The Parliament of Fowls, The Book of the Duchess, The Legend of Good Women, The House of Fame, and Troilus and Criseyde. Harry Bailly owns Southwark’s Tabard Inn in his collection of stories that involve 30 pilgrims going across the Thames of London and telling stories along the way. Stories in this work include the Nun’s Priest’s, the Pardoner’s, the Miller’s, the Knight’s, and the Wife of Bath’s. For 10 points, name this English writer of The Canterbury Tales.

ANSWER: Geoffrey Chaucer

10. The square root of, open quantity, 2 multiplied by the object’s weight, closed quantity, divided by, open quantity, the drag coefficient multiplied by the atmospheric density multiplied by the object’s area, closed quantity, equals the terminal version of this quantity. Differential calculus was invented by Newton to find the angular or instantaneous version of this quantity. A frame of reference is used for the relative version of this quantity. For 10 points, name this vector quantity, unlike speed, that designates in what direction and how fast an object is moving.

ANSWER: velocity [accept specific velocities]

STOP FOR THE WORKSHEET ROUND

11. In 1922 this statesmen produced the White Paper recognizing Arab rights but also confirming Palestine as a national home for Jews. In 1924 protectionist Stanley Baldwin appointed this constitutionalist free trader to the post of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, even though he led the disastrous Gallipoli campaign. His coalition government included Arthur Greenwood, Ernest Bevin, Lord Halifax, Clement Attlee, and Neville Chamberlain. For 10 points, name this British prime minister who rallied his people during WWII.

ANSWER: Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill

Name the British monarch, for 10 points each:

[10] This duke of Poitiers left England in the hands of Hubert Walter when he died, after being imprisoned by Leopold V and released by Henry VI before returning to England from the Third Crusade.

ANSWER: Richard I [or Richard the Lion-Heart; or Richard the Lion-Hearted; or Richard Coeur de Lion; prompt on Richard]

[10] This duke of York sponsored the annual Duke of York’s camp from 1921 to 1939, accelerated the British Empire into the British Commonwealth of Nations, and had two kids: Princess Margaret and Elizabeth II.

ANSWER: George VI [or Albert Frederick Arthur George; prompt on George]

12. This artist’s first opera was on Carlo Gozzi in Die Feen or The Fairies. In one of his other works an Irish princess loves a Cornish knight in Tristan und Isolde and another work involves a knight searching for the Holy Grail, resisting Kundry, defeating Klingsor, and becoming the “pure fool” who can wield the Sacred Spear in Parsifal. His other work includes the following operas: The Twilight of the Gods, Siegfried, The Valkyrie, and The Rhinegold. For 10 points, name this dramatic German composer of Lohengrin and The Ring of Nibelung.

ANSWER: Wilhelm Richard Wagner

Name the Beethoven symphony from its description, for 10 points each:

[10] This work became an early icon of the idealist tradition Bildung, it strongly influenced Symphony No.1 in C minor by Brahms, and it included the use of Schiller’s Ode to Joy.

ANSWER: Symphony No. 9 in D minor [or 9th Symphony; or Choral Symphony; or Opus 125]

[10] Bruno Walter performed this work for Arturo Toscanini, it was performed for Felix Mendelssohn, and it was performed for Franklin Delano Roosevelt at their funerals although originally dedicated to Napoleon.

ANSWER: Symphony No. 3 in E flat major [or 3rd Symphony; or Eroica Symphony; or Opus 55]

13. Frances Hutcheson was the shaping force of this man’s development in his way of thinking despite his later divergent views. In his first work he discusses the “inner man” as the “impartial spectator” who guides human moral judgment in The Theory of Moral Sentiments. His next work discussed the division of labor, competition, “invisible hand”, and laissez-faire capitalism. For 10 points, name this Scottish philosopher and economist who wrote An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations.

ANSWER: Adam Smith

Name the economic term or concept, for 10 points each:

[10] The measure of responsiveness of these two quantities to price is called elasticity: one indicates the quantity a producer wishes to sell and another indicates the quantity a consumer wishes to buy.

ANSWER: supply and demand [do not accept only one quantity]

[10] Early supporters of this concept include early Christians, Plato, Cabet, Saint-Simon, and More while later supporters include Bernstein, Bakunin, Debs, Vladimir Lenin, and Mao Zedong but note that this is not communism.

ANSWER: socialism

14. The Egyptian god of the world of darkness, Apepi, is an example of one of these kinds of creatures. Depicted with 4 legs, the Chaldean version Tiamat differed from the biblical version of Revelation which was depicted similar to the Greek version. In the Iliad, King Agamemnon paints a blue three-headed one on his shield while Norsemen also painted these creatures onto their shields and also carved them into their ships. For 10 points, name this legendary monster, a scaly reptile which can breathe fire.

ANSWER: dragons

Name the mythological creature killed by Heracles, for 10 points each:

[10] This creature resided near the marshes of Lerna near Argos, its blood accidently killed Heracles due to Deianira’s extreme insecurity, and it had 9 heads.

ANSWER: Hydra

[10] This creature is the brother of the Thebian Sphinx, it was nursed by Selene or by Hera, and it was killed by Heracles in his first labor despite its impervious skin.

ANSWER: Nemean Lion

15. This writer’s increasing interest in politics is shown in De Monarchia and an increasing interest in philosophy is outlined by his references to Boethius and Cicero in Convivio or The Banquet. He dedicated a book to his best friend Guido Cavalcanti in La Vita Nuova or The New Life. In another one of his works, St. Bernard replaces his original guide Beatrice, who guided him from Purgatory to Paradise, and Virgil takes him through the Inferno. For 10 points, name this Italian poet of The Divine Comedy.

ANSWER: Dante Alighieri [or Alighieri]

Name these other Italian writers from their works, for 10 points each:

[10] This writer wrote On the Way to Deal with the Rebel Subjects of the Valdichiana, a precursor to his Discourses on Livy, while also writing The Prince.

ANSWER: Niccolo Machiavelli

[10] Early works include Teseida and Elegia di Madonna Fiammetta while this writer’s other work contained 100 novels in the Decameron.

ANSWER: Giovanni Boccaccio

16. Study of the super variety of theses substances led to the 1994 Nobel Prize in Chemistry being awarded to George Olah. The polyprotic variety has a multiply kinked titration curve. They dissociate in water to yield electrically charged atoms or molecules according to Svante Arrhenius, accept electrons according to Gilbert Newton Lewis, and are proton donors according to Lowry and Bronsted. For 10 points, name these substances with a pH less than 7 and therefore taste sour in water solutions

ANSWER: acids

Name the chemistry term from its description, for 10 points each:

[10] This term was first introduced by Danish biochemist Sorensen to represent hydrogen ion concentration, it is sometimes tested using litmus paper, and a quantity greater than 7 indicates a base while a quantity less than 7 indicates an acid

ANSWER: pH scale

[10] As a result of the dissociation into positively and negatively charged ions, these substances conduct an electric current like the salts found in Gatorade.

ANSWER: electrolytes

17. This statesmen obtained the office of quaestor before being elected to the priesthood of augurs by defeating Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus. He would be defeated at Modena, despite his excellence in commanding the left wing of the Roman army in the Battle of Pharsalus, before entering a pact at Bologna. He would then defeat Cassius and Brutus in the Battle of Philippi before losing at Actium to Agrippa then committing suicide. For 10 points, name this ally of Cleopatra and Roman general under Julius Caesar defeated by Octavian or Augustus.

ANSWER: Mark Antony [or Marcus Antonius]

Name the ancient Roman political figure, for 10 points each:

[10] Publius Clodius declared this statesmen was in exile but he was recalled from Illyricum by Milo although his Philippicae against Antony was less successful than his Catiline Orations and he was later executed by Augustus’ order.

ANSWER: Marcus Tullius Cicero [or Tully]

[10] This statesmen’s political career was started by Lucius Valerius Flaccus, he successfully broke the influence of Scipio Africanus the Elder, and repeatedly said “Carthage must be destroyed”.

ANSWER: Marcus Porcius Cato the Elder [or Cato the Censor; prompt on Cato]

18. The liberal advisor to the czar is the brilliant Speranski, the character who falls for Sonya is Denisov, and the character who obtains a promise from Vasili Kuragin is Anna Mikhaylovna Drubetskaya in this novel. After the death of her son Petya, Natalya Rostova sinks into a depression. After the death of Lise, Andrew falls in love with Natasha but Pierre Bezukhov, who had earlier been ensnared by Helene Kuragina, eventually marries Natasha. For 10 points, name this novel detailing Russian society during the Napoleonic Wars by Leo Tolstoy.

ANSWER: War and Peace [or Voyna I Mir]

Name the Russian novel from its description and author, for 10 points each:

[10] Minor characters include the daughter Polina, the painter Nikolai or Mikolka, and the police officer Alexander Zamyotov while the main characters include the threatening Svidrigailov, the sister Dunya, the prostitute Sonya, and the protagonist Raskolnikov in this novel by Dostoevsky.

ANSWER: Crime and Punishment

[10] It was originally intended to be called The Kingdom by the Sea because Poe’s poem “Annabel Lee” is alluded to by Annabel Leigh who was the first love of Humbert Humbert in this novel by Nabokov.

ANSWER: Lolita

19. Luca Pacioli published a 1509 book on this concept while Leonardo da Vinci illustrated it in the Vitruvian Man. It is also the limit of the ratios of consecutive terms of the Fibonacci sequence. It originated from an investigation of a regular pentagon, where five diagonals formed a five-pointed star leading to the ratio: open quantity, x plus 1, closed quantity, divided by x is equal to x divided by 1 which leads to the quadratic equation: x squared minus x minus 1 is equal to 0. For 10 points, name this irrational number approximately equal to 1.618.

ANSWER: golden ratio [or golden mean; or golden proportion; or golden section; or divine; or open quantity, 1 plus square root of 5, closed quantity, divided by 2; or open quantity, 1 plus radical 5, closed quantity, divided by 2 or (1 + √5)/2; prompt for clarification that it is (1 + √5)/2 and not 1 + √5/2 by asking to see it written on paper]

Compute the following mathematical problems within 20 seconds, for 10 points each:

[10] Barack Obama and John McCain agree to another race, not a civil presidential race but a footrace. Barack Obama runs at a speed of 20 miles per hour, so he’s pretty fast. John McCain can run 15 miles per hour but since he’s a maverick, a motherless calf by definition, he can increase his speed by one fourth a mile per hour because he’s all for change. How many hours will it take McCain to match Obama’s speed?

ANSWER: 20 hours [units are not needed; prompt if given in any other unit other than hours]

[10] McCain had bet 2008 dollars that he would win the race because he’s a maverick. However Obama won and now McCain must pay up. Obama however agrees to cut him some slack and only wants 46.5% of it symbolizing the income tax Obama would implement on the top bracket of America as president which is by far less than the historic high income tax of 92% in 1953. What is 46.5% of 2008 in dollars?

ANSWER: $933.72 [or 933.72 dollars; units are not needed; prompt if given in any other unit other than dollars]

20. On March 1st the Order No. 1 was issued to direct the military to disobey the government in this revolution. Lavr Georgiyevich Kornilov tried to set up a coup in this conflict in July and Grand Duke Michael refused to accept the throne. The Duma led by the Provisional Government and Aleksander Kerensky would end 300 years of Romanov rule but would later be replaced by the Bolsheviks led by Trotsky and Lenin. For 10 points name this conflict that overthrew czar Nicholas II in 1917.

ANSWER: Russian Revolution of 1917

Name the conflict involving the Soviet Union from its description, for 10 points each:

[10] Germany had the third most deaths, China had the second most deaths, and the Soviet Union had the most deaths in this world conflict.

ANSWER: World War Two [or Second World War]

[10] Paulus and Hoth led the 4th Panzer Army against resistance by Vasily Chuikov for control of the Volga River in this WWII battle.

ANSWER: Battle of Stalingrad [prompt on Volvograd]

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