FINAL YEAR PROJECT REPORT

FINAL YEAR PROJECT REPORT

UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING

Project title:

DESIGNING A BOILER CHIMNEY HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM AGAINST FOULING

POJECT CODE: FML 01/2014

Submitted by:

WANGILA ANTONY BARASA

F18/2448/2009

KARANJA SAMSON NGUGI

F18/2434/2009

Supervisor:

PROF. F. M. LUTI

APRIL 2014.

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DECLARATION STATEMENT

We declare that any information in this report, except where indicated and

acknowledged, is our original work and has not been presented before to the best

of our knowledge.

WANGILA ANTONY BARASA

F18/2448/2009

Signature....................................................................

Date ..........................................................................

KARANJA SAMSON NGUGI

F18/2434/2009

Signature....................................................................

Date ..........................................................................

APROVED BY:

Prof. F. M. Luti

(supervisor)

Signature....................................................................

Date of approval...........................................................

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to acknowledge with appreciation the valuable guidance from our supervisor, Prof. F. M. Luti. His monitoring and constant encouragement saw us through this project. Our deep gratitude also goes to the following members of staff of the University's mechanical workshop:

1. Mr. J Oduol (principal technologist) 2. Ms. Fey Airo 3. Mr. Stanley Njue. 4. Mr. James KimaniMwangi. 5. Mr. Simon Maina. 6. Mr. Peter Kogi. 7. Mr.JohnKahiro. 8. Mr. JacktonAnyona. 9. Mr. KenrthKaranja. They were informative and cooperative whenever we required their technical assistance in their respective fields. Finally we would like to appreciate our parents, siblings , and friends for their support throughout this project. Karanja Samson Ngugi. Wangila Antony Barasa.

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ABSTRACT An initial design of chimney heat recovery heat exchanger was provided. The design had a completely fabricated exchange core but an incomplete ducting system . This report is based on the work undertaken to complete and test the gas to gas heat recovery system. This system was specifically designed for boiler chimney and therefore the systems ducting was designed to conform to the general boiler stack. In the completion of the design, the major factor to consider was to design against fouling. The system was therefore designed with means of reducing fouling such as provision for easily replaceable particulate filter and quick washing system. The project was hence done in the following manner. 1. Completing of the fabrication. 2. Research on ways of minimizing fouling . 3. Incorporating the ways arrived at in 1 above into the system design. 4. Testing of the model under forced convection condition. The gases from a furnace were used to simulate industrial flue gases. The performance of the model was used to project the optimum of prototype.

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 4: Design parameters.............................................................................12 Table 5a: Flow rate against temperatures..............................................................17 Table 5b:Air flow rate ..................................................................................17 Table 5c: Transient test..................................................................................18 Table 5d:Determining cross-flow correction factors...............................................22 Table 5e:Determined values of Q and U..............................................................22 Table 5f: Determination of effectiveness..............................................................23 Table 5g: Determination o dwell time and normalized time........................................23 Table 5h:Determination of percentage heat recovered.............................................24 Table 5i:Transient test analysis........................................................................24

LIST OF GRAPHS Graph 5.1: U VS Q......................................................................................25

Graph 5.2: Q VS .......................................................................................26

Graph 5.3: VS ......................................................................................27

Graph 5.4: Ta out VS .....................................................................................28 Graph 5.5: Ta out vs *...................................................................................29

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