Scientific method- Variables Quiz - Weebly



Biology Midterm Friday March 11th.

The midterm will be on the following concepts:

1. Scientific inquiry (scientific method & variables). 10 questions.

2. Differences and diversity among organisms (mammals, vertebrates, invertebrates, decomposers, exoskeleton, arthropods, tetrapod, etc). 10 questions.

3. Classification and Taxonomy (Linnaean taxonomy scale, dichotomous key, cladograms, etc). 10 questions.

4. Ecology & Matter in Ecosystems (Domains, biomes, kingdoms, symbiosis such as mutualism and parasitism, biogeochemical cycles). 10 questions.

5. Evolution (Natural selection, artificial selection, sexual selection, speciation). 10 questions.

*Use your old quizzes and notes to help you study*

The following is a GENERAL REVIEW to help guide you - MANDATORY to complete #1 which DUE March 11th. Questions 2-38 are optional and STRONGLY encouraged you complete. If ALL questions are answered and submitted to teacher by March 11th, 5 EC pts will be added to your midterm.

1. Complete the scientific method practice questions below – REQUIRED TO ANSWER all multiple choice questions (1-15)

2. What is the difference between a decomposer, consumer, and a producer?

3. What is the difference between a vertebrate, invertebrate, and an organism that uses exoskeleton?

4. What does it mean to be an autotroph vs a heterotroph?

5. What is a keystone species?

6. List the trophic levels in order (use page 409 for help if needed).

7. What is an example of a biotic factor in an ecosystem and an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?

8. If I am talking about the orientation of an organism, where would the anterior end, posterior end, ventral side, and dorsal side of an organism be located?

9. What is a tetrapod and what is an example of one?

10. What are a few adaptations that help the organisms we dissected thrive in their environment? (For example: swim bladder for fish, spiracles for arthropods, segmentation for a worm, etc).

11. Who is the father of classification?

12. What is the order of taxonomy scale from most specific to least specific?

13. How is a phylum defined as (look at pg 699 for help).

14. What would be more closely related?:

1. Organisms with the same genus name but different species name OR

2. Organisms with a different genus name but same species name?

1. What is binomial nomenclature and what is an example of how it is written?

2. What is a derived character and how does it relate to cladograms (give me an example of a derived character you might see on a cladogram).

3. What are the three domains and what are the kingdoms that belong in each domain?

4. What are the 3 ways we classify organisms into kingdoms?

5. What is symbiosis?

6. What is an example of a parasitic symbiotic relationship?

7. What is an example of a mutualistic symbiotic relationship?

8. What is an example of a commensalistic symbiotic relationship?

9. What are the 4 biogeochemical cycles we reviewed in class?

10. Where can each component of CHNOPS be found in our daily lives (example - where can nitrogen be found?: Nitrogenous bases (ATGC)).

11. How do nitrogen-fixing bacteria help cycle nitrogen through ecosystems?

12. Who discovered the theory of natural selection?

13. What are the 4 components of natural section?

14. What is speciation and how can speciation occur?

15. How are phenotypes important in natural selection? (Think, does natural selection act on the phenotype or genotype?)

16. What is evolution?

17. How long does it take for evolution to occur?

18. Why is variation and adaption important in an ecosystem?

19. What does it mean for an organism to be “best fit”?

20. How can you easily remember the vocabulary catastrophism, gradualism & uniformitarianism (hint: look at page 301 on the right hand side under “vocabulary” for help).

21. What is the driving force behind natural selection?

22. What is artificial selection?

23. What is the driving force behind artificial selection?

24. What is sexual selection and what are a few examples?

The following are practice questions for the scientific method – required to answer ALL:

1. Aphids are eating Rose's pea plants. She wants to test some household chemicals to see if they will kill the aphids. What is the best experimental question for Rose to ask?

A) Are red or green aphids hardest to kill?

B) What amount of soapsuds best kills aphids?

C) Will aphids eat soapsuds?

D) How are soapsuds best spread over a garden?

2. In solving a problem by a scientific investigation, which of the following would be the best first step?

A) Design an experimental procedure.

B) Define the problem by asking questions.

C) Come to a conclusion based on your existing knowledge.

D) Form a larger group and vote on the answer.

3. Dan was experimenting with abiotic factors that affect the activity of cockroaches. Which of these is the best question for a scientific experiment?

A) Does temperature affect cockroach activity?

B) Why do cockroaches feed at night?

C) How do cockroaches move about so fast?

D) Why are cockroaches so old?

4. Which question would be answered with an opinion rather than scientifically?

A) What is the speed of a running cougar?

B) How fast does a mouse grow?

C) What is the heart rate of a shark?

D) Which cat has the most attractive coat?

5. Wildlife biologists are working to save some unique birds in coastal plain forests of South Carolina. Which of these questions must be answered first to determine how the birds can be protected for future generations?

A) What kinds of industries are likely to develop in the area?

B) What do the birds need in order to survive and reproduce?

C) How far can the birds migrate?

D) How many people live in the area?

6. Mike wanted to know if the weight of the chickens affected the number of eggs they laid each day. Which of the following graph axes is correctly labeled for showing his results?

John wanted to find out which laundry soap was best for removing grass stains. Each soap was mixed with warm water. It was then used to scrub a piece of grass-stained cloth for 1 minute. Then the amount of stain left on the cloth was measured.

7. What is the dependent (responding) variable?

A) water temperature

B) laundry soap

C) amount of stain left on the cloth

D) scrubbing time for each cloth

8. What is the independent (manipulated) variable?

A) scrubbing time

B) water temperature

C) amount of water

D) type of laundry soap

9. Aphids are eating Jan’s Peace roses. She wants to test some household chemicals to see if they will kill the aphids. She used bleach, ammonia, and dishwashing liquid in equal amounts. She will evaluate the aphid population after one week to see which chemical killed the most aphids.

Which is the independent (manipulated) variable?

A) Number of roses on the plant

B) Number of aphids killed

C) Kinds of chemicals used

D) The kind of rose

The Center for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta has discovered a new type of influenza, named the Carolina Flu. The symptoms are severe stomach cramps, high fever, chills and headaches. The CDC tested many different natural remedies to cure this fast spreading disease. The test that yielded the best results had the following hypothesis; “Ten milligrams of Cilantro per day will weaken the symptoms within twenty-four hours.”

10. Which of the following would be the best independent (manipulated) variable in the above situation?

A) the symptoms were weakened

B) ten milligrams of Cilantro

C) the Carolina Flu

D) the Center for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta

11. Which of the following would be a controlled variable in the above situation?

A) the symptoms were weakened

B) ten milligrams of Cilantro

C) all patients have the Carolina Flu

D) Natural remedies.

After a two-day fishing tournament at a local lake, it was observed that in one cove the bass caught were of an unusually small mass. A large manufacturing plant was releasing hot water into the lake at this point. A group of middle school ecology students wanted to know if there was a relationship between the water temperature, the mass of the fish, and the amount of dissolved oxygen present in the organisms' environment. The students set up four aquaria and stocked each with three bass.

12. Which of the following variables must be manipulated?

A) Food

B) Initial mass of the fish

C) Water temperature

D) Number of fish

13. Whenever scientists carefully measure any quantity many times, they expect that

A) all of the measurements will be exactly the same.

B) only two of the measurements will be exactly the same.

C) all but one of the measurements will be exactly the same.

D) most of the measurements will be close but not exactly the same.

14. A student is investigating plant growth. The student can change the amount of light, heat, and water and the richness of the soil. During the investigations, the amount of light, heat, and water remain the same. Only the richness of the soil changes. What is the independent variable in the experiment?

A). Light

B). Water

C). Heat

D). Soil

15. A student wishes to test the hypothesis that adding antifreeze to water lowers the freezing point of the water. What would be the dependent (responding) variable?

A). Amount of water put into a container

B). Amount of antifreeze added to the water

C). Temperature at which the water/antifreeze mixture freezes

D). Type of thermometer used to measure the freezing point

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