SUMMARY OF FINE MOTOR SKILLS - University of Florida ...



SUMMARY OF FINE MOTOR SKILLS

REACHING - this requires transportation of the arm through space. Targeting the object is part of this movement. It is during this stage that pre-shaping of the hand for grasp takes place.

GRASPING - This takes place once contact with the object has occurred.

*******Reaching and grasping are two very different tasks requiring different motor learning. These skills do not need to be taught together but instead can be broken down into parts.

MANIPULATION SKILLS - movement of an object to accomplish task

General:

Grasp pattern trends:

• Whole hand to fingers

• Proximal to distal

• Ulnar to radial

Grasp patterns:

Ulnar-palmar - 3 months

Primitive squeeze Palmar grasp - 4 months

Radial-palmar - 6 months

Inferior scissor grasp/Raking grasp - 6-7 months

Scissors grasp (lateral grasp) - 8 months

Radial-digital grasp - 8-9 months

3 Jaw chuck - 9-12 months

Inferior pincer - 9-12 months

Superior/Neat pincer - 12 months

GENERAL CONTINUED:

Hands to midline: 4 months

Crossing midline: 6-8 months

Transferring: 7-9 months (4.5-6 mo)

Holds 2 objects: 7-9 months (4-5 mo)

• In hand manipulation - a series of grasps & releases to move an object held in one hand

• 3 types

o Translation - finger to palm, palm to finger (12-18 months)

o Shift - incorporates the pads of the fingers with thumb opposition (not before 3 y/o)

o Rotation - turning object in hand (5-6 y/o)

Dominance - Believed to be innate but not observable until between 2-3 years old.

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