SUMMARY OF FINE MOTOR SKILLS - University of Florida ...
SUMMARY OF FINE MOTOR SKILLS
REACHING - this requires transportation of the arm through space. Targeting the object is part of this movement. It is during this stage that pre-shaping of the hand for grasp takes place.
GRASPING - This takes place once contact with the object has occurred.
*******Reaching and grasping are two very different tasks requiring different motor learning. These skills do not need to be taught together but instead can be broken down into parts.
MANIPULATION SKILLS - movement of an object to accomplish task
General:
Grasp pattern trends:
• Whole hand to fingers
• Proximal to distal
• Ulnar to radial
Grasp patterns:
Ulnar-palmar - 3 months
Primitive squeeze Palmar grasp - 4 months
Radial-palmar - 6 months
Inferior scissor grasp/Raking grasp - 6-7 months
Scissors grasp (lateral grasp) - 8 months
Radial-digital grasp - 8-9 months
3 Jaw chuck - 9-12 months
Inferior pincer - 9-12 months
Superior/Neat pincer - 12 months
GENERAL CONTINUED:
Hands to midline: 4 months
Crossing midline: 6-8 months
Transferring: 7-9 months (4.5-6 mo)
Holds 2 objects: 7-9 months (4-5 mo)
• In hand manipulation - a series of grasps & releases to move an object held in one hand
• 3 types
o Translation - finger to palm, palm to finger (12-18 months)
o Shift - incorporates the pads of the fingers with thumb opposition (not before 3 y/o)
o Rotation - turning object in hand (5-6 y/o)
Dominance - Believed to be innate but not observable until between 2-3 years old.
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