Five-Factor Screener: Validation Results



Five-Factor Screener: Validation Results

The Risk Factor Monitoring and Methods Branch (RFMMB) staff at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) have assessed indirectly the validity of parts of the Five-Factor Screener in two studies: NCI's Observing Protein and Energy (OPEN) Study and the Eating at America's Table Study (EATS). In both studies, multiple 24-hour recalls in conjunction with a measurement error model were used to assess validity.

|Table 1. Estimated mean F&V servings*, Fiber, Calcium, Dairy Servings, and Added Sugar from 24HR and screener and de-attenuated |

|Pearson correlation coefficient between true intakea and screener, by gender: OPEN |

|Dietary Factor |N |Mean (95% CI) |De-attenuated Pearson |

| | | |Correlation Coefficient (SEE) |

| |

|Men |260 |2.48 |2.28 |-0.212 |0.58 |

| | | | | |(0.066) |

|Women |221 |2.29 |2.14 |-0.162 |0.73 |

| | | | | |(0.078) |

|Pyramid servings of F&V* -- Fries (square root) |

|Men |260 |2.43 |2.22 |-0.212 |0.61 |

| | | | | |(0.067) |

|Women |221 |2.25 |2.11 |-0.152 |0.74 |

| | | | | |(0.070) |

|Grams of Fiber (cube root) |

|Men |260 |2.78 |2.56 |-0.222 |0.52 |

| | | | | |(0.59) |

|Women |221 |2.55 |2.36 |-0.182 |0.54 |

| | | | | |(0.70) |

|Mgs of Calcium (fourth root) |

|Men |260 |5.44 |5.20 |-0.252 |0.59 |

| | | | | |(0.066) |

|Women |221 |5.18 |4.87 |-0.312 |0.44 |

| | | | | |(0.080) |

|Tsps of Added Sugar (cube root) |

|Men |260 |2.61 |2.58 |-0.04 |0.68 |

| | | | | |(0.039) |

|Women |222 |2.39 |2.29 |-0.102 |0.66 |

| | | | | |(0.045) |

|Servings of Dairy (square root) |

|Men |260 |1.13 |1.13 |-0.00 |0.64 |

| | | | | |(0.041) |

|Women |221 |1.03 |0.99 |-0.04 |0.64 |

| | | | | |(0.44) |

|Table 2. Estimated mean F&V servings*, Fiber, Calcium, Dairy Servings, and Added Sugar from 24HR and screener and de-attenuated |

|Pearson correlation coefficient between true intakea and screener, by gender: EATS |

|Dietary Factor |N |Mean (95% CI) |De-attenuated Pearson |

| | | |Correlation Coefficient (SEE) |

| |

|Men |184 |2.44 |2.36 |-0.081 |0.70 |

| | | | | |(0.058) |

|Women |247 |2.07 |2.11 |0.04 |0.54 |

| | | | | |(0.060) |

|Servings of F&V* -- Fries (square root) |

|Men |184 |2.34 |2.29 |-0.05 |0.72 |

| | | | | |(0.054) |

|Women |247 |2.01 |2.06 |0.05 |0.55 |

| | | | | |(0.058) |

|Grams of Fiber (cube root) |

|Men |184 |2.73 |2.59 |-0.121 |0.60 |

| | | | | |(0.059) |

|Women |247 |2.41 |2.35 |-0.062 |0.55 |

| | | | | |(0.054) |

|Mgs of Calcium (fourth root) |

|Men |184 |5.42 |5.26 |-0.042 |0.60 |

| | | | | |(0.061) |

|Women |247 |5.01 |4.93 |-0.07 |0.56 |

| | | | | |(0.053) |

|Tsps of Added Sugar (cube root) |

|Men |446 |2.64 |2.67 |0.03 |0.59 |

| | | | | |(0.037) |

|Women |519 |2.32 |2.35 |0.03 |0.66 |

| | | | | |(0.032) |

|Servings of Dairy (square root) |

|Men |446 |1.15 |1.17 |0.03 |0.74 |

| | | | | |(0.32) |

|Women |519 |0.95 |1.00 |0.052 |0.73 |

| | | | | |(0.029) |

|Table 3. Median intakes of fruits and vegetables (Pyramid servings*) and added sugar (teaspoons) for NHANES 2001-02, NHIS 2005, |

|and CHIS 2005 by gender and race/ethnicity |

|Gender and |Pyramid Servings* of Fruits and Vegetables |Teaspoons of Added Sugar |

|Race/Ethnicity | | |

| |NHANES 2001-02 |NHIS 2005 |NHANES 2001-02 |NHIS 2005 |

| |(24HR) |(9-item screener) |(24HR) |(4-item screener) |

|Men |

|Non-Hispanic White |4.7 |5.2 |20.5 |19.0 |

|Non-Hispanic Black |4.2 |5.3 |23.6 |21.4 |

|Hispanic |5.2 |5.8 |21.6 |21.4 |

|Women |

|Non-Hispanic White |4.2 |4.4 |14.0 |12.8 |

|Non-Hispanic Black |3.5 |4.3 |19.3 |15.5 |

|Hispanic |4.0 |4.6 |16.3 |14.5 |

|Table 4. Median intakes of fiber (gm) and calcium (mg) for NHANES 2003-04 and NHIS 2005, by gender|

|and race/ethnicity |

|Gender and |Fiber (gm) |Calcium (mg) |

|Race/Ethnicity | | |

| |NHANES 2003-04 |NHIS 2005 |NHANES 2003-04 |NHIS 2005 |

| |(24HR) |(18-item screener) |(24HR) |(2-item screener) |

|Men |

|Non-Hispanic White |15.7 |17.9 |1061 |876 |

|Non-Hispanic Black |12.7 |17.4 |787 |753 |

|Hispanic |17.2 |22.3 |917 |864 |

|Women |

|Non-Hispanic White |12.5 |13.9 |688 |653 |

|Non-Hispanic Black |9.7 |13.4 |542 |584 |

|Hispanic |13.3 |16.8 |703 |691 |

These validation results suggest that dietary exposure estimates computed for the 2005 NHIS Cancer Control Supplement (CCS) may be useful to compare subgroup means, especially for populations consuming mainstream diets. The estimates may be less useful for populations with more ethnic diets, including Asian and possibly Latino populations. Although significant error may be associated with these estimates of diet, we believe the exposure estimates still substantially reflect what individuals are actually consuming.

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* Using 1992 Food Guide Pyramid definitions of servings.

a Estimated from multiple 24-hour dietary recalls in a measurement error model.

1 p < 0.05

2 p < 0.01

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