RELIGIOUS FESTIVALS & ATHLETICS--the 'Big 4'
RELIGIOUS FESTIVALS & ATHLETICS--the "Big 4"
1. The "Big 4" festivals & the 'Panathenaia'
A. Olympics at Olympia (Zeus) 776 B.C. lst Olympiad
1. the Site: a. Sanctuary (temples, Altis) b. other buildings
2. the Games--:grew to 5-day festival in 472 B.C.
a. sacred truce b. contestants (professionals & circuit)
C. visitors/spectators--women ?--prob. "yes" d. prizes ?
3. the Events:
a. Running--4 types of races:
1) stade: = 200 meters 2) diaulos = 400 meters
3) "long one" = 1500 meters(+?) 4) hoplite (armed) 6th cen. B.C ('boys'competitions added slowly beg. 632 B.C. w/stade
b. Pentathlon = 5 events
1) 3 track & field: = discus, javelin, long jump
2) 200 meters (stade for pentathletes only)
3) wrestling (for pentathletes only)
c. Combative events: wrestling, boxing, Pankration -
d. Equestrian events: - in Hippodrome - 12 lengths?
1)single-rider 2) 2-horse chariot 3) 4-horse chariot (680 B.C.?)
B. Pythian* games at Delphi (Apollo) 582 B.C.= lst Pythians
* same events as Olympics + Musical contests
C. lsthmian games at Korinth (Poseidon) 580 B.C. began
D. **Nemean games at Nemea (Zeus) 573 B.C. began
**same events as Olys. + 800 meter "horsey" = running event
E. ***Panathenaic games at Athens (Athena) ca. 566 B.C.
*** same events as Olys. + "Torch race" [a relay?]
11. Women/Girls "Games"--(parthenol ) (little evidence-3 age groups)
A. Heraιa at Sparta (Hera); later at Olympia -Heraia -foot races only
-use stadium, but track 1/6 shorter length--(Paus.V.16.2-8)
B. Other "games"-inscriptions evidence beg. w/2nd cent. B.C. thru Roman era.
1. stade race
2. 2. chariot in armor race at Ιsthmia
3. kithara (music) (Sebasteia at Athens in 'boys' category)
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