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DiagramDEFINITION: A simplified drawing showing the appearance, structure, or working of something; a schematic representation. More specifically, a diagram can be a plan/ scheme or a drawing that outlines and explains the parts, operation etc. of something. It usually shows how things, people, ideas, activities etc. interrelate and interconnect. The main types of diagram include a Tree diagram, Network diagram, Flowchart, Venn diagram and Labeled diagram of a picture. Tree Diagram Network Diagram Flowchart Venn DiagramLabeled DiagramPURPOSE: To inform, to instruct and/ or to describe. POSSIBLE AUDIENCES: The audiences of a diagram vary depending on the type and content of the diagram. However, diagrams are usually targeted to young adults or adults. The audiences of a diagram are usually: Students (school and/ or university). This is because many times diagrams (made by teachers/ professors) are used to brainstorm ideas, understand either a process or a set of relationships e.g. how the brain transfers visual information from the eyes or a labeled diagram of the human liver cellWorking men/ women e.g. engineers use diagrams to communicate to other engineers a process of building something or historians to map out events in a flowchart). Diagrams are used for professional presentation. Anyone who is interested in learning about a process, concept or relationship specific to the topic of the diagramLANGUAGE FEATURES: Words are used rather than complete sentences (most of the time)Emphasis on visual elements rather than words Sentences (if there are any) are short and conciseVerbs (if there are any) are in present tenseTone is informative, objective and/ or factualPersonal pronouns are rare Lack of punctuationSTRUCTURE AND LAYOUT:Has a heading (which establishes the topic)Labels items/ objects (if there are any) using arrows. Objects are usually minimal to increase the focus point of the diagramBolded, underlined and/ or colored wordsFont is manipulated for emphasisThe actual diagram (which is usually centered to create focus)Explains how items relate to each other and to the topic through arrows/ linesData/ information is represented by a labeled arrowArrows represent/ replace cause and effect words, such as: due to, because of, as a result etc.Arrows and lines are usually boldedArrows and lines can be dashed, straight, curvy etc. This is because arrows and lines have different meaningsUse of circles, squares, and rectangles etc. that border words. Different shapes denote different meaning/ importance of a word/ sub- conceptUsually in a specific order e.g. level of importance, chronological Publisher or author is mentioned on the bottom Gives instructions on how to make or do somethingColors can be used to indicate a relation between objects/ concepts e.g. complementary colorsColor scheme provides contrast between different objectsObjects are always aligned (horizontally and if applicable vertically)Venn diagrams specifically consist of overlapping circles. Each circle contains all the elements of a set. The overlap shows the elements that the set have in common. There are usually 2 or 3 circles. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ONLINE AND PRINT MEDIA:Online: Diagrams that are included in a report are produced online. They create a professional presentation. Diagrams that are online are more accessible to a wider audience. There are a wide variety of presentation styles that can be used. Today, there are many diagramming software, which make the diagram more visually appealing e.g. 3D effect. By hand: Diagrams produced by hand may not be as visually pleasing as a computer- produced diagram. They are more simple than those produced online. Also, they are not accessible to a wider audience. ................
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