Loudoun County Public Schools / Overview



Science SOL 5.1 Notes Scientific Investigationscience experimentsControlled/Constant variable: The amount We complete science experiments to answer a questionof each liquid and the containers are all equalSCIENCTIFIC METHODWhen completing a science experiment, you must use the Scientific Method to make sure you are getting accurate resultsThe Scientific Method is a process, or list of steps, used to complete a science experimentSTEPS TO THE SCIENTIFIC METHODIn our class, we will use the following Scientific Method to complete experiments:Ask a questionForm a hypothesisTest your hypothesis by doing an experiment and observe resultsAnalyze dataDraw a conclusionWHAT DO EACH OF THE STEPS TO THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD MEAN?Ask a question: you form a question about something that you are curious about and will be able to test and get a resultForm a hypothesis: you make an educated guess about what you think the end results of the experiment will be (If…then statement)Do a test or experiment: a measurable way to collect data to be able to answer your questionAnalyze data: look at the results you got from completing your test or experimentDraw a conclusion: based on the data, was your hypothesis correct and what did the end results show?THE 3 TYPES OF VARIABLESIndependent Variable: this is the variable manipulated or changed by the scientistDependent Variable: this is the variable that is measured and observed in the experimentControlled (Constant) Variable: this is the variable that stays the sameEXAMPLES OF VARIABLESA student thinks that orange juice will freeze faster than any other substance. She fills identical containers with the same amount of different liquids, then places each in the freezer.Controlled/Constant Variable: The amount of each liquid and the containers are all equal and the sameDependent Variable: The time it takes each liquid to freezeIndependent Variable: The type of liquid in the containersKEY VOCABULARYObservation: using your senses to determine what happens during an experimentHypothesis: an educated guess about what will happen (If…then statement)Conclusion: what you learned from the experimentMaterials: items you need to complete the experimentProcedure: the steps you take to complete the experimentInference: a conclusion or opinion that is formed because of known facts or evidenceVariable: any item, factor, or condition that can be controlled or changed (independent, dependent, controlled/constant)SCIENTIFIC MEASURING TOOLS FOR WEATHERThermometer: a tool that measures temperatureBarometer: a tool that measures the atmospheric pressure (air pressure)Anemometer: a tool used to measure wind speedWeathervane: a tool used to measure wind directionThermometer Barometer Anemometer WeathervaneSCIENTIFIC MEASURING TOOLS FOR EXPERIMENTSMicroscope: a tool that helps you see objects that are too small to be seen with a magnifying glassStopwatch: a tool used to measure elapsed timeRuler, yard stick, meter stick: tools used to measure length, height or width of an objectBalance, pan scale: a tool that measures the mass (how much matter) of an objectSpring Scale: a tool that measures the weight of an object based on the pull of gravityGraduated Cylinder: a tool used to measure liquid volume (the amount of liquid)Microscope Stopwatch Ruler Balance Scale Spring Scale GraduatedCylinderSCIENTIFIC MEASURING UNITSWe use standard units in the United States and other countries use metric units to measure.Standard Length: inches, feet, yards, milesMetric Length: millimeters, centimeters, meters, kilometersStandard Weight: ounces, pounds, tonsMetric Weight: grams, kilogramsStandard Temperature: FahrenheitMetric Temperature: CelsiusStandard Capacity (Volume): fluid ounces, teaspoon, tablespoon, cups, pints, quarts, gallonsMetric Capacity (Volume): milliliters, liters ................
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