SUMMARY OF PENN STATE UNIVERSITY TRIALS:
SUMMARY OF PENN STATE UNIVERSITY TRIALS:
Crude, clarified soybean oil, treated with DFX Concentrate…….
Additional testing was recently completed at the Energy Institute (Penn State University) to validate some findings observed in 2001. The investigation was sponsored by West Penn Power Sustainable Energy Fund, and the investigators were Dylan Kershner, David Morris, Dr. Andre Boehman and Joseph Perez.
A Cummins ISB 5.9L engine operated with Mobil Low Sulfur diesel fuel, as a baseline, then Mobil Low Sulfur diesel fuel blended with 20% by volume crude soybean oil with DFX additive. The investigators measured gaseous content and particulate matter in the exhaust using batch and on-line sampling instrumentation.
When compared to base diesel fuel, the soybean oil blend (DFS) had reduced carbon monoxide, particulate matter and hydrocarbon emissions while NOx emissions increased slightly. Advancing the engine timing resulted in lower particulate matter and hydrocarbons and an increase in both carbon monoxide and NOx emissions. Retarding the engine timing resulted in a reduction in NOx
emissions, particulate matter and hydrocarbon emissions.
RE: TRIAL RESULTS USING DFX CONCENTRATE WITH CRUDE SOYBEAN OIL (Express) - 2001
The results listed are the highlights of various tests. DSK LIMITED can make available the entire report.
1. Ag Services, Claremont-Huffton, SD
Had Butler Machinery Co., Fluid Analysis Lab test his 50%/50% blend of DFX treated
express soybean oil with #2 Diesel Fuel. Tested 6/12/01.
API Gravity (60 degrees F) 30.0
Sulfur % .03
Evaluation comments: Higher than average BTU, but within specs, low sulfur fuel.
Ag Services conducted a second trial using a control fuel (#2 Diesel), using a John Deere 4450 farm tractor.
CONTROL (#2) 10% BLEND 20% BLEND 40% BLEND
RPM – 1001 RPM – 1001 RPM – 1001 RPM – 1001
Torque – 676 Torque – 708 Torque – 707 Torque – 686
Horsepower – 126 Horsepower – 134 Horsepower – 135 Horsepower – 134
2. Sheppard Farms of Phelps, NY conducted trials with one of his over-the-road trucks Caterpillar 3406E). First trial was for one month (April 2001) and the second trial was May 2001. Analysis was performed by Syracuse Supply, Fluids Analysis Lab.
The truck had 449,318 hours of use prior to testing. They used a 30% Blend. After a tune-up at the end of the first trial, there was a 10% gain in horsepower and an improvement of over 4% MPG. The engine was scoped at the conclusion of the trials and no ring problems were found. Oil pressure was normal and engine was running well at this inspection (June 2001)
3. Oelwein Custom Commodities of Oelwein, Iowa used a blend of DFX treated
express soy oil at a 20% rate with 80% #2 diesel fuel. They tested the fuel mixture
on a 1993 Ford 9000 with a Caterpillar 3176, 300 horsepower. The engine had
440,000 miles at the start of the trial.
The truck was driven for 1200 miles (feed deliveries). As of 7/01, Chris reported that there was a 7.4% increase in MPG, with a decrease of fuel used per hour of 8.9%.
4. Ag Commodities Inc, New Oxford, PA. Penn State University conducted some
Dynamometer tests against a typical baseline fuel (#2 Diesel). A 25% express oil
(DFX treated) dilution was used for trials. They were conducted 5/01.
A very lengthy report, trials showed that the particulate matter of the DFX treated blend was higher than baseline. 3 of the 4 trial modes showed a reduction in carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. 2 of the 4 trials showed a reduction of nitric oxide against the baseline fuel. Exhaust temperatures were lower with the DFX treated blend on 3 of the 4 trials, indicating potential longer engine wear.
5. OXYPRO in Sanger, CA. OXYPRO is the manufacturer of DFX. They had tests
conducted by AirX Testing of Auberry, CA. AirX performs air quality compliance tests throughout the state of California. Two fuels were used. One was #2 diesel without any additives and the second was the same #2 diesel @ 33% blend with DFX treated crude express oil.
The engine used was an older model 4-cylinder Ford industrial engine used to power a sandblaster. The compressor was adjusted to create a heavy load throughout the trial. The trial was conducted 5/01.
Results showed a reduction of 11.8% in carbon dioxide, while the NOx was reduced by 15%. The NOx typically does not go down with fuel extenders or additives, so this result was quite positive.
Our motives for these trials were not to discredit #2 diesel fuel or to discount the Methylated-ester style “bio-diesel”. We wanted to have the potential users of the DFX treated express vegetable oil to be comfortable with its use. From these and other on going trials, as well as the consistent users of the DFX treatment, confirms that this product can provide good engine performance, less smoke and increased torque while lowering harmful emissions.
PENNSYLVANIA AGRI-BUSINESS USES UNREFINED SOYBEAN OIL AND MEETS ASTM STANDARDS…..
One of Pennsylvania’s oldest feed manufacturer, commodity broker and protein and soybean oil producers has validated that its soy oil diesel additive meets ASTM 975 requirements.
The company has been using unrefined soybean oil in its truck fleet for the past 3 years. Having surpassed 4,000,000 miles (29 trucks) with using the soybean oil that its operation produces, they have consistently confounded the “conventional wisdom” advocates.
The firm’s well documented engine maintenance reports and independent testing (Penn State University and US Government - DOE) shows that the use of soybean oil with a patented fuel concentrate at 2-5% blended rates with No.2 diesel, meets the well accepted ASTM standards for characteristics and performance.
“We are pleased with these confirming tests, for now it allows us to seek commercial and government sales opportunities,” said the President. “We have been one of the organizers of Pennsylvania’s bio-fuel trade association. This group has brought academia, public utilities, industry and political leaders together to find acceptable alternative fuels.”
Meeting ASTM requirements will allow the company to grow the diesel fuel additive business while helping the central Pennsylvania soybean growers. In addition, they will be the licensed manufacturers of the DFX Concentrate. The patent owner, OXYPRO of Sanger, CA. is currently manufacturing the DFX concentrate.
Duncan Nesbitt, President of Powell Technologies of North Carolina, is the OXYPRO distributor for DFX and is very pleased with the results. “Many soybean oil producers do not wish to invest in bio-refineries, which at this point are dependent on US government subsidies. Using soybean oil as a diesel fuel additive without the investment in the methl-ester process, allows small to medium soy oil producers to be competitive with all bio-fuels,” Nesbitt said.
________________________________________________________________
This is a transcription of the letter included in the testimonials. We were not sure it could be read properly after scanning into the computer.
FARMERS PRIDE COOP, P. O. BOX 310, NEWMAN GROVE, NEBRASKA, 68758
September 12, 2006
For the past 4-5 years our member owners have had to deal with rising fuel prices to operate their trucks and farm equipment. Here in Nebraska, our growers use an irrigation system that is known as center-pivot irrigation. Each pump is powered by diesel engines that through necessity will run 24 hours, 7 days per week during our cropping season.
In addition, we operate feed and fertilizer trucks to deliver products to our growers. We have International trucks and Cummins engines and these trucks have to be ready to deliver most products to our members throughout the year.
For the past 3 years we have taken advantage of using the DFX Concentrate to mix with our own soybean oil produced at our soybean processing facility. Prices have heavily favored doing this as diesel fuel prices have reached record levels here in Nebraska. Our help found the DFX easy to mix, and like the results of smoother running engines on their trucks and the farmer members are pleased that we use the soybean oil as a fuel additive from the soybeans they bring to us for processing.
This past spring/summer a number of out members who use the center pivot irrigation systems started using the DFX treated soybean oil and immediately saw some benefits as well as some financial savings. The diesel engines that are used for pumping tremendous amounts of water operated with less exhaust, seemed to be running more quietly and the exhaust smelled better.
Our members will continue to use the DFX treated soybean oil while the prices of fuel remain high. Internally, we’ll also use the soybean oil for our trucks to effectively save money.
Randy Benson, General Manager
Phone 402-447-6292
This is a transcription of the letter included in the testimonials. We were not sure it could be read properly after scanning into the computer.
WIECHERT SEED COMPANY INC
NASHVILLE, IL
RE: DFX TESTIMONIAL
As a result of my recent expansion project, I have now started running a mixture of DFX soybean oil and diesel fuel in my diesel powered equipment. That list includes the following variety of engines:
1987 International DT 466 Feed Truck
1991 International DT 466 Feed Truck
1993 International DTA 466 Feed Truck
1998 Bobcat 753/Kubota Diesel Loader
1996 Caterpillar SO Lift Truck/Mitsubishi Diesel
1991 Dodge 250 Cummins Diesel
1997 Dodge 250 Cummins Diesel
2001 Dodge 250 Cummins Diesel 24 Valve
I started running this equipment on a 20% blend in March 2002 at the end of an Illinois winter. At this time the daytime temperature would be in the upper 20’s to lower 30’s and nighttime temperatures would fall into the teens. I made sure my soy oil was thoroughly settled and my DFX was properly mixed into diesel fuel that had been previously conditioned for winter use. All of these vehicles performed normally under
these conditions on this mixture. As spring and summer have come I continue to increase the soy oil percent and am currently running a blend of 50% diesel fuel and 50% soy oil with your DFX additive. All units continue to perform very well but I will probably not go any higher with the soy oil/DFX blend. Please keep me informed on any of your new products that mix with soy oil and feel free to use this testimonial in any way to better your cause.
Respectfully,
David L. Wiechert
President
Wiechert Seed Company, Inc.
UNITED SOY CORPORATION
THE WORLD OF BIODIESEL AT YOUR FINGERTIPS
September 15, 2006
My company, which is located in north eastern Indiana, is involved with crop farming and animal feed ingredient business. We have requirements to operate diesel feed trucks (Kenworth with Cummings engine), and John Deere tractors, using engines that are 100 HP to 160 HP. In addition, we operate a Versatile Articulating tractor that has a 350 HP Cummings diesel engine.
In the summer of 2001, we started using the DFX Concentrate to mix with our own crude soybean oil. Initially we were skeptical, so we began by mixing the DFX treated soybean oil into our regular diesel fuel at about 10-15%. We could see very soon that the engines were operating more quietly, (which we call better lubricity), had a nicer exhaust smell, (and less exhaust) and it reduced our fuel costs. Since 2001, we have expanded the use of DFX treated soybean oil when the prices of diesel fuel and vegetable oil allow for some fuel savings. My farming neighbors have also used the DFX treated soybean oil product for their diesel powered equipment.
With recent increased costs of diesel here in the mid-west, we have increased the amount of DFX treated soybean oil up to 40% of the diesel fuel. We have continued to see good results from using this additive.
Mark R. Oldfather, President
280-750-8888
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