CIVICS EOC REVIEW Name - wsfcs.k12.nc.us



CIVICS EOC REVIEW Name_______________________

1. Geographic Economic Political Religious

|Northern Colonies | | | | |

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|Middle Colonies | | | | |

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|Southern Colonies | | | | |

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2. What were the purposes of the following colonial organizations:

joint stock company:

proprietary:

royal:

3. Illustrate the movement of goods and people in the triangular trade route.

America Europe

Middle

Passage

Africa

3. What role did slaves and indentured servants play in the colonies?

4. What is mercantilism?

5. Where was the first permanent English settlement in North America?

6. What was the Virginia House of Burgesses? What English tradition influenced its structure?

7. Who landed at Plymouth and why did they leave England?

8. What is a compact?

9. What did the Mayflower Compact create?

10. What two bodies made up the government of each of the 13 colonies?

11. How was the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut similar to the Mayflower Compact?

12. Enlightenment Thinkers

Main Ideas Influence

|Locke | | |

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|Hobbes | | |

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|Montesquieu | | |

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|Rousseau | | |

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13. How did the Magna Carta limit the power of the English king?

14. How did the English Bill of Rights limit the power of the government?

15. How did the Albany Plan of Union encourage self-government in the colonies?

16. What was salutary neglect?

How will colonists’ feelings toward this practice change in 1763?

17. How did the economic practice of mercantilism cause colonists to feel about mother England?

18. Know how each event led to calls for independence by the colonists:

French and Indian War-

Proclamation of 1763-

Quartering Act-

Stamp Act (1765)-

“NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION”

Stamp Act Congress-

Declaratory Act-

Townshend Act-

Boston Massacre (1770)-

Tea Act-

Boston Tea Party (1773)-

Coercive Acts/Intolerable Acts-

First Continental Congress-

Lexington and Concord-

Common Sense-

Second Continental Congress

19. How did boycotts play a role in colonial rebellion?

20. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Whose ideas influenced its content?

21. What was the purpose of the Declaration of Independence?

22. What did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 create?

23. How was the government structured under the Articles of Confederation?

24. How did Shay’s Rebellion change people’s opinions about the Articles of Confederation?

What issue was at the center of the rebellion?

25. What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

26. What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?

How was the Convention conducted? Who is called the “father of the Constitution?”

27. Constitutional Compromises

Issue

28. Compare the views of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists on government.

|Federalists |Anti-Federalists |

|People |People |

| | |

| | |

|Who should have power? |Who should have power? |

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|Interpretation of the Constitution |Interpretation of the Constitution |

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|Rights |Rights |

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29. What was the purpose of the Federalist Papers?

30. Explain the key principles included in the Constitution?

Separation of Powers-

Checks and Balances-

Rule of Law-

Popular Sovereignty-

Federalism-

31. When was the Constitution ratified?

32. What was the purpose of the Bill of Rights?

Who pushed for the inclusion of a bill of rights to the Constitution?

33. KNOW THE BILL OF RIGHTS AND ALL AMENDMENTS

34. Types of Governments

|Democracy- |Dictatorship/Totalitarian- |

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|Representative democracy- | |

|Theocracy- |Oligarchy- |

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|Monarchy- | |

Goal 2

1. What is stated in the Preamble?

2. What is “full faith and credit?”

3. How does the Constitution allow for flexibility?

4. What are implied powers?

What clause of the Constitution allows for them to be used?

5. Powers of government

6. How does the Constitution create a framework for the US government?

Article 1- Article 5-

Article 2- Article 6-

Article 3- Article 7-

Article 4-

7. Who is the leader of the House of Representatives?

8. Who is the official leader of the Senate?

What is their only official role in the Senate?

9. Who is the leader of the Senate in their absence?

10. How are legislative districts drawn?

11. What are the requirements to be a member of :

The Senate? The House of Representatives?

12. What are the non-legislative powers of Congress?

13. How is the committee system used in Congress?

14. What must happen in order for a bill to become a law?

See “I’m Just a Bill”

15. How can Congress override a presidential veto?

16. What tactic is used in the Senate to delay a vote on a bill so that it dies?

17. How can Congress limit the power of the President?

18. Explain the 7 roles of the President.

Chief Executive-

Commander in Chief-

Chief Diplomat-

Economic Leader-

Party Leader-

Legislative Leader-

Head of State-

19. How does the 25th amendment describe presidential succession?

20. How does the Presidential Succession Act describe presidential succession?

21. How can the president bypass the non-legislative powers of Congress?

22. Who makes up the US Supreme Court?

Who appoints them? Who approves them?

23. Examples of Jurisdiction

|Original Jurisdiction |Appellate Jurisdiction |

|Concurrent Jurisdiction |Exclusive Jurisdiction |

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| | |

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24. What limits on power does the Legislative branch have?

25. What limits on power does the Executive branch have?

26. How can the Constitution be changed?

27. How can the Constitution be “informally” changed?

28. How have Constitutional amendments changed suffrage rights throughout US history?

29. Supreme Court Cases

Implied powers of the Constitution Judicial Review

Plessy v. Ferguson Marbury v. Madison

Brown v. Board of Education Elastic Clause

McColloch v. Maryland

Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenburg

Gibbons v. Ogden

Korematsu v. US

Heart of Atlanta Motel v. US

Individual Rights

Furman v. Georgia-

Gregg v. Georgia-

Gideon v. Wainwright-

Regents of the University of California

v. Bakke-

New Jersey v. TLO-

Bethel School District v. Fraser-

Tinker v. Des Moines-

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier-

Texas v. Johnson-

Engel v. Vitale-

Miranda v. Arizona-

Mapp v. Ohio-

In re Gault-

30. Why have civil liberties been limited during times of crisis?

31. What are some services governments provide?

32. Define revenue:

33. Fill in the chart:

|What it is |Type (progressive, regressive, etc.) |

|Income tax | |

| | |

|Sales tax | |

|Payroll tax | |

|Excise tax | |

|Estate and gift taxes | |

|Customs duties | |

32. What is the largest expenditure of the federal government?

33. What is Medicare? Medicaid?

34. What is the difference between a Progressive Tax and a Regressive Tax?

35. Describe each of the following Regressive Taxes:

a. Social Security Tax- above

b. Excise Tax- above

c. Property Tax

d. Sales- above

36. Describe each of the following Progressive Taxes:

a. Income Tax: above

b. Corporate income Tax: above

37. What government agencies protect the safety of citizens?

| |Crime Control |National Security |Transportation |Immigration |Forming Policies |

|Federal |FBI, US Marshals |Army, Navy, Marines, Coast|Department of Transportation |ICE |Within the executive |

| | |Guard | |Border Patrol |branches of each level of |

| | | | | |government, different |

| |SBI, State Trooper, |National Guard |Department of Transportation, | |agencies are responsible |

|State |Highway Patrol, | |DMV | |for forming policies |

| |DMV | | | | |

| | | | | | |

| |Sheriff, | |Municipal Transit Authorities | | |

| |Metropolitan Police | |(CATS in Charlotte, ex) | | |

|Local | | | | | |

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| | | | | | |

GOAL 3:

1. How many constitutions has North Carolina had?

2. What is a charter?

What role does the NC government play in the creation of local governments?

3. What branches of state government does the NC Constitution create?

4. Fill in the chart:

|BRANCH |WHO MAKES IT UP |WHAT IS THE JOB |

|Executive branch | | |

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|Legislative branch | | |

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|Judicial branch | | |

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5. Where in the North Carolina Constitution do we find the rights of citizens?

6. How can the North Carolina constitution be changed?

7. Who rules on matters affecting the state’s constitution?

8. What is meant by “equal protection of the laws”?

9. How does the 14th amendment restrict the actions of states?

10. What power did the governor of North Carolina not have before 1996?

11. What are the sources of tax money for the state of North Carolina and local governments?

State Local

Personal and corporate income taxes property taxes

Sales tax utility user fees

Excise taxes intergovernmental revenues- from other levels

intergovernmental revenues- from other of government

levels of gov’t

12. Name ways that state and local governments can pay for major projects.

13. Give examples of services provided by state and local governments.

State Local

Court system, public schools, consumer Elections, jails, mental health services, public

Protection (Attorney General’s office), schools, social services, utilities, cemeteries, highways, prisons and mental institutions, libraries, street lights, traffic control, animal

state parks shelters, fire protection, land use regulation (zoning, annexation), parks, public housing, solid waste collection, water supply, airports

14. What is an appropriations bill?

15. What is the largest source of income for:

a. State Governments-

b. Local Governments-

16. Why does Gaston County Schools answer to the Gaston County Board of Commissioners?

Gaston County Schools, which is a special district called an LEA (Local Education Authority), creates the budget for GCS and hires the superintendent. The Gaston County Board of Commissioners gives Gaston County Schools its money to operate so they have much power over the county school. (Forsyth County works in the same way)

17. What was the ruling in the Leandro case?

18. What was the ruling in State v. Mann?

19. What is the difference between a Strong Mayor system and Weak Mayor System?

GOAL 4

1. What is a political Party and what are the functions of Political Parties?

2. What party system do we have in the US?

What are the major parties?

3. What are third parties?

Why do they run for office even though they know they will not win?

4. How are parties in a multiparty system able to achieve their political agenda?

5. What are the requirements to vote in North Carolina?

6. Define each of the following:

a. Primary Election-

b. Caucus-

c. Nominating Convention-

7. What are the various ways your opinion can be influenced?

8. What three levels of organization are there in political parties? What is the job/goal of each of these levels?

Federal State Local /Precinct

Put on the national nominating Focus on electing party each city or county is

convention for President/ VP members to state office- governor, divided into election

attorney general, state legislature districts called precincts

Write platform at convention

rage voter turnout

campaign committees- elect on election day, organize

members to Congress and poll workers on election

raise money for candiates day, distribute leaflets about candidates, register

voters

Elect local officials- sheriff, mayor, etc.

Work at the “Grassroots” or neighborhood level

9. What is a precinct?

10. What is the difference between a plank and a platform?

11. What are the five groups on the political spectrum?

12. What is the difference between an Initiative and Referendum?

13. Define and give examples of each:

a. Duty-

b. Responsibility-

c. Volunteerism-

14. What is a primary election?

15. Explain the job of the Electoral College?

16. What role do interest groups play in the political process?

17. What is the job of a lobbyist?

18. What is the purpose of having laws?

19. What are characteristics of good laws?

20. What are some consequences of not obeying the laws?

21. Examples of ways conflicts can be resolved.

GOAL 5

1. Explain and give an example of each of the following types of Conflict Resolution

a. Mediation

b. Arbitration

2. What happens to a bill that is introduced in and passed by the House of Representatives?

3. What happens to a bill passed by the House with a slightly different version in the Senate?

4. Define jurisdiction:

5. What kinds of cases are handled by federal courts?

6. Define civil cases:

7. Define criminal cases:

8. What are the steps in a criminal trial? 9. What are the steps in a civil trial?

Goal 6:

What is common law and how did it lead to the development of laws in America?

Describe each of the following laws and how they became incorporated into the American system of laws: Magna Carta

English Bill of Rights

Habeas Corpus

Code of Hammurabi

Justinian Codes

Napoleonic Code

The Ten Commandments

Iroquois Nation Constitution

1

|TYPE OF LAW |DEFINITIONS / EXAMPLES |

|CRIMINAL LAW | |

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|CIVIL LAW | |

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|CONSTITUTIONAL LAW | |

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|ADMINISTRATIVE LAW | |

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|STATUTORY LAW | |

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|Precedents | |

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|Prosecution | |

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|Defense | |

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|Lawsuit | |

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|Plaintiff | |

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What is the difference between a statute and an ordinance?

What is the job of the executive branch in the lawmaking process

What role do executive agencies and independent regulatory agencies play concerning laws?

Why is it not acceptable for a person not to be aware of the laws he or she must follow?

How can citizens learn about the laws made at all levels?

Federal Law Enforcement

|Department |What it Does |Agencies Within Department |

|JUSTICE | | |

| | | |

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|TREASURY | | |

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| | | |

What roles do each of the following play the law enforcement?:

magistrate

sheriff

state trooper

city police

State Highway Patrol

SBI

|Sentence |What is it/ when would it be used? |

|Long term/short term suspension | |

|Mental institutions | |

|Long term/short term | |

|incarceration | |

|Death penalty | |

|Probation | |

|Parole | |

|Juvenile detention | |

|Community service | |

|House arrest | |

|Boot camp | |

How is rehabilitation different from punishment?

What are the purposes of punishment?

It is the job of the __________________________ to decide innocence or guilt and the job of the ______________________to pass sentence.

What problem has been created by the push for longer jail terms?

GOAL 7: Factors of Production

1. Fill in the chart: FACTORS OF PRODUCTION

|FACTOR OF PRODUCTION |DEFINITION |EXAMPLES |

| | | |

|C | | |

| | | |

|E | | |

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|L | | |

| |Renewable resources- | |

|L | | |

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| |Non-renewable resources- | |

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2. What is economics the study of?

3. What is the difference between a want and a need?

4. What are the three essential economic questions that all societies must answer?

5. How do businesses use their factors of production?

In the way that they will be the most productive-make them the most profit

Important economic terms

Give the definition and an example of each

|Economic term |Definition |Example |

|Trade off | | |

| | | |

|Opportunity cost | | |

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|Fixed costs | | |

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|Variable costs | | |

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|Total cost | | |

|Incentive | | |

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Define scarcity:

Why does scarcity exist?

Why is scarcity called the fundamental economic problem?

Because of scarcity, producers must make __________________________________.

What happens to production costs and prices if resources are scarce or expensive?

Define consumer:

How can specialization and the division of labor increase output?

What are capital goods and what are some examples?

Define human capital:

Why are businesses willing to invest time and money into the education of human capital?

What are consumer goods and what are some examples?

Describe the major components of each type of economic system

Market economy Traditional economy

Mixed economy command economy

What important aspect of a free enterprise system was first talked about in Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations?

What is fiscal policy?

Goal 8

What is voluntary exchange?

How do productivity, specialization, and the division of labor ensure efficiency?

How does the 5th amendment protect property ownership?

Patents ©rights-

Fill in the Circular Flow Model

What is economic interdependence?

How does the circular flow model demonstrate economic interdependence?

|MARKET |WHAT HAPPENS IN THE MARKET |

|Product Market | |

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|Factor Market | |

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Objective 8.04: Supply, Demand, and Prices

|Supply |Demand |

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|Law of Supply: |Law of Demand: |

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|Supply schedule |Demand schedule |

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|draw a supply curve |draw a demand curve |

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|What are the factors that would change supply? |What are the factors that would change demand? |

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How do substitutes and complements affect supply and demand?

Label the graph of the supply and demand curve appropriately with the following:

Supply curve

Demand curve

Surplus

Shortage

Equilibrium price

Price

Quantity

|TERM |DEFINITION |WHAT HAPPENS TO PRICES |

|Surplus | | |

| | | |

|Shortage | | |

| | | |

When supply and demand are equal, we have an _______________________ price.

What are the ways the government can control prices? What are some examples of these types of price controls?

What effect does inflation have on prices?

What effect does deflation have on prices?

Why is competition important in our economy?

How do consumers benefit from competition in markets?

How does a monopoly hurt the consumer?

|Horizontal merger | |

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|Vertical merger | |

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|conglomerates | |

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|TYPE OF BUSINESS |DEFINITION |ADVANTAGES |DISADVANTAGES |

|Sole Proprietorship | | | |

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|Partnerships | | | |

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|Corporations | | | |

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Corporation owners are called __________________________. They buy/sell stocks in the ____________________________.

What is a labor union?

What is the difference between craft unions and industrial unions?

When do business leaders and labor unions use collective bargaining?

What is the difference between arbitration and mediation?

What are ways labor unions and businesses attempt to get the other side to agree to their terms?

1. 2.

What did the Taft-Hartley Act do?

How do antitrust laws help maintain competition?

The banking system

|Commercial banks | |

| | |

|Savings and loan associations | |

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|Credit unions | |

| | |

What created the FDIC and what does it do?

What are the three functions of money?

1. 2. 3.

Goal 9:

Describe what is shown on the graph.

What happens to prices and jobs…

During a Recession? During Expansion?

What is GDP? How is that different than real GDP?

How does GDP determine our standard of living?

What is the Consumer Price Index(CPI)? What are some examples of products that are included on this?

Service Industry = fasting growing industry in US

Migration = movement for job or movement of industry (usually to the south or “sun belt” from the north or “Rust belt”)

How do technological advances impact consumers?

How does a war affect consumers and producers?

How has downsizing affected NC consumers and producers?

What happens when there are changes in the economy of one nation?

Types of taxes

|Income tax | |

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|Excise tax | |

|Regressive tax | |

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|Progressive tax | |

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|Proportional tax | |

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|Sales tax | |

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What role does the Fed play in the economy?

Fed’s tools of monetary policy

|Tool of foreign policy |What it is |How it effects the money supply |

|Reserve requirements | | |

| | | |

|Discount rate | | |

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|Open market operations | | |

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Expand the money supply = increase the money supply= stimulate the economy

Contract the money supply = decreased the money supply = slow the economy

If the federal reserve raises the discount rate, they want to __________ the money supply and make interest rates ___________.

If the federal reserve lowers the discount rate, they want to __________ the money supply and make interest rates ___________.

If the federal reserve raises the reserve requirement, they want to __________ the money supply.

If the federal reserve lowers the reserve requirement, they want to __________ the money supply.

If the government sells bonds/bills on the open market, they want to __________ the money supply.

If the government buys bonds/bills on the open market, they want to __________ the money supply.

When talking about the stock market, what are a bull market and a bear market?

Goal 10

What are ways to give back to the community?

What are some legal responsibilities every American should do?

*What are characteristics or being a good citizen in a community?

What are some issues that are affecting today’s society?

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The Great Compromise-

New Jersey plan-

Representation

Virginia plan-

Slavery

Electing the President

State only (Reserved)

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Federal (Enumerated/

Delegated/Expressed)

Shared (Concurrent)

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