Eighth Grade Georgia Studies - Home



Directions: As you read, I want you to think about the information presented. What are the key terms presented in the section? This is your task:Underline the key words and the definition for each.Circle the subheads throughout the article.Highlight the information (text evidence) that helps you answer the questions that follow the reading activity.World War IIn June 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, was assassinated by Serbian nationalists. Soon after, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Within a few months, the allies of these countries had joined the war. World War I had begun. As with almost all wars, there were several causes for World War I. These included ethnic and ideological conflicts, nationalism, and political and economic rivalries.Ethnic ConflictsAn ethnic group is a group of people that shares a common and distinctive culture. Usually, they also share the same language and religion. Ethnic conflicts are often the cause of wars, as each side of the conflict has allies and enemies that also become involved. This is what happened prior to World War I. A major ethnic conflict existed in what was called the Austro-Hungarian Empire. This large empire consisted of many ethnic groups, but only the Austrians and the Hungarians had the right to vote. Other ethnic groups in the empire had their own form of nationalism and bitterly resented their loss of political freedom.Ideological ConflictsAn ideology is a system of ideas that guides individuals, social movements, or groups of people. The ideology of weltpolitik in Europe in the early 20th century led to many problems in the world and became another cause of World War I. This German word means “world politics.” The Germans believed that they deserved to be equal partners with other leading world powers such as Great Britain.Initially, Germany formed a series of peaceful alliances with other powers. Then, starting in the late 19th century, German leaders became more aggressive and wanted to build up their influence throughout the world. Germany had conflicts with all the other major European powers except Austria-Hungary.NationalismNationalism is devotion and loyalty to one’s own ethnic background or country of origin. In the 19th century, many nationalist movements led to a widespread struggle for independence. This was especially true in the Balkans. Serbia was at the center of the nationalist movements in the Balkans. Austria-Hungary was considered an enemy of Serbia because of the desire of the Serbs in Austria-Hungary to unite with Serbia and create a larger Serbian state.Political and Economic Rivalries359600515042900Russia was the largest European country and had the most people. This country wanted to expand in all directions, especially to the south, into the Balkans. Great Britain considered this a threat. The Balkans bordered the Mediterranean Sea and Great Britain wanted to remain the leading naval power there. If Russia controlled the Balkans, then Great Britain’s’ trade and economic interests would be threatened.Other than the concern in the Balkans, Great Britain did not want to be involved in Europe’s problems. It was most concerned with controlling its empire –from Canada, to Australia, to India – and trade. It did this through its navy, which was the largest in the world. Germany’s growing navy began to threaten Great Britain. France was also threatened by Germany. France wanted to reclaim two provinces that had been lost in order to prevent another defeat by Germany. Like other world powers, France had powers that were also trying to build colonial empires, such as Italy. Italy wanted an area that was under the control of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, even though most of the people in the area were Italians. Germany and Austria-Hungary allied and Italy eventually sided with Great Britain and France against them.Georgia’s Contributions during World War IInitially, Georgians were less than enthusiastic about the prospect of America entering World War I. Even before America had declared war on Germany and its allies, the Georgian economy had begun to suffer. Shipments of cotton, timber, and tobacco were unable to reach the European market. However, Georgia’s attitude quickly changed when America declared war on April 6, 1917. Thereafter, Georgia played a crucial and patriotic role in America’s war effort. During the war over 100,000 Georgian men and women contributed to the Allied victory. Georgia was a key state for the United States military. Before the war, Georgia already housed five large federal military installations. These bases became vital to the United States’ war effort. By the end of the war, Georgia had more military training camps than any other state in the country. The largest of these camps was Camp Gordon. It was completed in 1917 and was located in Chamblee, Georgia. Camp Gordon became widely known for training a famous division of soldiers. This division, the Eighty-second All-American Division, was staffed mainly by native Georgians.World War I was the first war that used airplanes as weapons. An air force school was housed in Georgia. Over 2,000 combat pilots were trained on Georgian soil. These pilots went on to fly missions in Europe. Additionally, Georgia housed a prisoner of war camp that eventually held over 4,000 prisoners.Reading Comprehension AssessmentWhich region of Europe sparked World War I? _________________________________________________________ Which was a major contribution of World War I?Several coast guard training bases were located there.Factories where airplanes were built were located there.Many army based were located there.Georgians baked a record number of pies for the troops.___________Both Great Britain and Italyfought against each other in world war i.contributed money but not armies to world war i.wanted to merge to form one country.fought as allies in world war i.___________Which of the following was a result of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?His wife took his place in the government.His government collapsed.World War I began.World War I ended.Directions: Complete the writing task on the back of this sheet.320714862738000World War I and NationalismNationalism was a dangerous force that led to World War I. Nationalism is still common in the world today and often leads to conflicts. Think about what it means and why it can be dangerous. Write an essay on the dangers of nationalism, using the events of World War I as evidence for your essay. ................
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