Introduction to Care
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Induction Book
for Care Staff
|Name: | |
|Department: | |
|Branch Manager: | |
|Date Issues: | |
Version: May 2004
Introduction to your Induction
The purpose of this induction is to ensure that all employees reach a minimum standard before providing care to service users on a one-to-one basis. The booklet is based on the TOPSS England Induction Standards and provides a basis for your induction training.
There are five units in the induction, which you can work through in any order as agreed by you and your manager. The five units are:
• Unit One: Understanding the Principle of Care
• Unit Two: Understanding the Organisation and the Role of the Worker
• Unit Three: Understanding the experiences and the Needs of Older People
• Unit Four: Maintaining Safety at Work
• Unit Five: Understanding the Effect of the Service Setting
You should answer the questions and carry out the tasks in the booklet as fully as possible; in addition you should be able to collate ‘evidence’, such as copies of procedures, certificates or journal articles that are relevant to your job. You can use the learning achieved on your induction programme to count towards an NVQ in Care or related topic at Levels 2 or 3.
Although there is no time limit the completion of any given unit, the induction is expected to be complete within 6 weeks.
Unit One – Understanding the Principles of Care
The main areas of this induction standard are:
1. the values;
2. worker relationships;
3. communication;
4. confidentiality
Summary
This unit describes the principles of good practice. All workers must base their interaction with other people on these. The standard does not only include interactions with service users, but also with:
• Colleagues;
• Managers;
• Other workers;
• Friends and families of service users;
• Any other person you may come into contact with in the course of your work.
You are expected to have a basic understanding of the principles of care, and what they mean in day-to-day practice. This unit also covers an understanding of a working relationship, its limits and responsibilities, and how it is different from other types of relationship.
It is important that you have basic communication skills before working alone with service users. It is recognised that communication is a complicated area. You will need to develop your skills during foundation training, which follows induction.
1.1 The Values
1. What do you think ‘care’ covers?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. What do the following terms mean?
• Prejudice: _________________________________________________
• Equal opportunities: _________________________________________________
3. Read the Company’s policy for Equal Opportunities. Give three examples of how you can promote equal opportunities in your day to day work.
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. Explain what each of the following values of care mean for the people you will be supporting and give an example of how you have promoted each value through your work.
Individuality and Identity: _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Rights: _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________
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_________________________________________________
Choice: _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________
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Privacy: _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________
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Independence: _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________
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Dignity: _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________
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Respect: _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________
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Partnership: _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________
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1.2 Worker Relationships
1. Give four examples of what would not be acceptable in terms of your relationships with service users.
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
3. Give four examples of poor care practice.
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
4. What would you do if you saw something that worried you?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
5. Read the Company policies on Adult Protection, Elder Abuse and Gifts and Gratuities. You may photocopy the policies and include them in your induction evidence.
|Policy |Date Read |Signature |
|Adult Protection | | |
|Elder Abuse | | |
|Gifts and Gratuities | | |
6. What are the seven recognised types of abuse?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
7. To whom would you first report suspicion or a disclosure of abuse?
______________________________________________________________________
8. What should you do if a service user insists you accept a gift?
______________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________
1.3 Communication
1. What are the main ways people communicate?
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
2. Can you suggest reasons why communication may be difficult for some people?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. Suggest three ways we communicate non-verbally.
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
Tips for talking to people with hearing loss
• Before starting, politely attract their attention.
• Get reasonably close and ensure that they can see you and your lip movements.
• Don’t cover your mouth with your hands.
• Speak clearly and normally – a little louder if necessary, but don’t shout.
• Don’t exaggerate words or facial expressions.
• Repeat yourself if it seems that you have not been fully heard.
• Ask questions to make sure you have been understood.
• Don’t get angry yourself. Persevere.
1.4 Confidentiality
1. What is confidentiality and why is it important?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. In what circumstances might you have to break confidentiality? How could you reduce the problems this might cause?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. How would you respond to a person who telephones asking for information about a service user, member of staff or the premises?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
4. How would you respond to a person who calls at the door asking to be let into the premises?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
5. Read the Company policies on Rights and Confidentiality and Privacy and Dignity. You may photocopy the policies and include them in your induction evidence.
|Policy |Date Read |Signature |
|Rights and Confidentiality | | |
|Privacy and Dignity | | |
6. List four service user rights that are indicated in the Organisation’s policy:
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
7. List four of the procedures to ensure Privacy and Dignity for service users:
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
Unit Two – Understanding the organisation and the role of the worker
The main areas of this unit are:
2.1 Access to policies and procedures;
2.2 Using policies and procedures
2.3 The role of the worker.
Summary
This unit describes the understanding you should have of your role and responsibilities, and how these relate to the organisation’s aims and values. It also describes the understanding that you should have to accessing, understanding and using the policies and procedures that are important to your role.
It is recognised that it will not be possible for you to understand all organisational policies and procedures during the induction period.
The policies and procedures listed below are important to your role. You should have read and understood these as a minimum standard by the end of your induction period.
|Policy |Date Read |Signature |
|Infection Control | | |
|Rights and Confidentiality | | |
|Control of Substances Hazardous to Health | | |
|Fire Safety | | |
|Food Handling and Hygiene | | |
|Record Keeping | | |
|Health and Safety | | |
|Moving and Handling | | |
|Accidents and Emergencies | | |
|Adult Protection | | |
|Elder Abuse | | |
Some of these policies are linked with other units in the induction booklet.
It is important that you understand how to get advice, information and support about the service, your role and the role of other people within the organisation.
2.1 Access to Policies and Procedures
1. What is the difference between a policy and a procedure?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. Why is it so important to follow the organisation’s policies and procedures?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. Where will you find up-to-date copies of your workplace policies and procedures?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2.2 Application of Policies and Procedures
1. What is a Statement of Purpose?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. Can you write down what you think the aims and objectives are for the Organisation?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. What should you do if you were injured whilst at work?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
4. What are the goals of the Infection Control Policy?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
5. Who has overall responsibility for the Organisation’s Health and Safety?
______________________________________________________________________
6. According to the Organisation’s procedure, what should you do in the event of a fire?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
7. Under what circumstances would you have to apply the COSSH policy?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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2.3 The Role of the Worker
Organisational Structure
Care Home/Branch Name: __________________________________________
1. Fill in the names of the individuals on the Organisation Chart. Highlight your position in the Structure
2. What are your role and responsibilities?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. What are the roles and responsibilities of one of the people you will be working with?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
4. Why is it important to involve family and representatives in the day to day life of the service user?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
5. How can this be done?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
6. What is supervision and why is it important?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
7. Fill in the arrangements for your supervision:
|Supervisor Name: | |
|Place of Supervision: | |
|Frequency: | |
Unit Three – Understanding the experiences and needs of the service user
The main areas of this unit are:
3.1 The type of service user group;
3.2 The needs of the service user group.
Summary
This unit describes the knowledge and understanding that you will need to have about the service user group.
The standard recognises that the knowledge and understanding expected in relation to particular service user groups varies considerably. This unit is focused towards the needs of older people.
As a care worker you are employed to assist the clients with day-to-day living. Exactly what you will need to provide help with is going to differ from individual to individual, but it is important to remember that we all have the same basic needs, no matter what our physical or mental condition.
• Sufficient appropriate food and drink
• To eliminate waste products
• To breathe properly
• To have the body at a comfortable temperature
• Sleep and rest
• To keep clean and maintain health
• Communication and interaction with others
• To wear suitable clothing
• To be free from discomfort and pain
• To feel safe
(Maslow, 1970)
If your basic needs are not being met, you will become aware of the fact by being hungry, thirsty, cold, constipated, breathless, dirty, uncomfortable, anxious or in pain. So will the people in your care, but they may not be able to communicate this directly to you and you will have to read the signs from body language.
Catering for someone else’s needs may be a new experience for you, and will demand more thought and consideration than meeting your own needs. By consulting the client or their representative you will find out what assistance is needed and how they prefer things to be done.
3.1 The nature of the service user group
1. Why do you think people are living longer?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. What effect is it having on society?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. What kinds of difficulties do older people face in everyday lives because of their disabilities?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3.2 The needs of older people
Physical Care
This may be your main concern before you start any placement, mainly because it is probably a new experience and will involve helping people with intimate and very personal needs.
All of us need to eat, drink, wash, dress, use the toilet and get in and out of bed every day of our lives. Some people, because of their disability or illness, need help to carry out these basic daily needs. Obviously, helping with someone else’s needs will be new experience, and will demand much thought and consideration, but remember that these are basic needs. It is important to help people without fuss, and without them feeling that these ordinary daily needs are a problem and an embarrassment. When carrying out these tasks, it is useful to consider:
• Make sure you have the persons consent.
• Ask how they normally do things, and as far as possible, carry out their wishes.
• Have everything to hand and make sure aids are in place and working.
• Make sure you are wearing the appropriate protective clothing.
• Skin care is very important for most people and can cause serious problems if not cared for properly. Always be thorough with washing and bathing.
• Let people choose which clothes they wish to wear, and ensure that clean clothing is available.
• Be patient with people, particularly where communication may be difficult or time consuming.
• Don’t take away independence for the sake of time and convenience to yourself.
• Consider the smaller personal needs such as cleaning teeth, shaving, combing hair, make-up and even assisting with nose blowing. These can easily be forgotten as they are so often done without really thinking.
• At all times respect dignity and independence.
1. Describe to a complete novice how to shave a man who is unable to do it for himself.
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2. Describe how to put a shirt or blouse on for someone who can only use one arm.
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3. What equipment do you need to assemble before you begin bathing?
______________________________________________________________________
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4. How do you check the temperature of bath water?
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5. If a client slipped in the bath, what would you do?
______________________________________________________________________
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6. Have you experienced or can you think of any difficult situations that may arise when carrying out personal care?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
7. Imagine you are supporting a service user from a different cultural background (you can choose any you want). Suggest three ways that their needs for personal hygiene might be different to yours:
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
Eating and Drinking
1. Why is positioning important when helping someone with eating and drinking?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. How could you make a liquidised diet more attractive?
________________________________________________________________________
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Preventing Pressure areas
1. What are pressure sores?
________________________________________________________________________
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2. Which parts of the body are most at risk of developing pressure sores?
________________________________________________________________________
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3. What are the best ways to prevent pressure areas developing?
________________________________________________________________________
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Promoting Continence
1. What values are important to remember when assisting someone using a commode, toilet or bed pan?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe two continence aids and how they should be used:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Work Shadowing
You will initially be asked to ‘shadow’ a fellow carer to ensure competency for each of the following tasks.
|Date |Task |Demonstrated by: |Competent |
| |Washing service user | | |
| |Washing service user in bed | | |
| |Caring for the hands and feet | | |
| |Cleaning teeth (natural) | | |
| |Cleaning teeth (false) | | |
| |Shaving (wet) | | |
| |Shaving (electric) | | |
| |Monitoring body waste | | |
| |Changing pad | | |
| |Assisting to the toilet | | |
| |Assisting with a commode | | |
| |Assisting with a bedpan | | |
| |Washing hair | | |
| |Bathing service user | | |
| |Dressing service user | | |
| |Inserting hearing aid | | |
| |Cleaning spectacles | | |
| |Assisting with eating | | |
| |Correct positioning for eating | | |
| |Making bed to reduce pressure areas | | |
Specialist Needs
1. What can cause confusion and dementia?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. What are the best ways to respond to people who have confusion and dementia?
________________________________________________________________________
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3. How would you offer emotional support to someone who is dying?
________________________________________________________________________
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4. How would you respond to someone who is bereaved?
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
5. Explain briefly what Alzheimer’s disease is:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6. What are the main effects of Parkinson’s disease?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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7. Why is it important to make sure service users take their medication as directed?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
8. You should read the policies on Death and Dying, Death of a Service User, Medication, Privacy and Dignity, Personal Care and Violence at Work.
|Policy |Date Read |Signature |
|Death and Dying | | |
|Death of a Service User | | |
|Medication | | |
|Privacy and Dignity | | |
|Personal Care | | |
|Violence at work | | |
Practical Training –Disability Awareness
A. With a partner or in a group, take it in turns to feed each other different foods and drinks. You may want to try being fed whilst being blind-folded or without talking.
1. How did it feel to be fed?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. What problems did you have when feeding someone else?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. What are the most important things to think about when feeding someone?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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B. Practice guiding a colleague to use a walking aid, such as a walking frame. Try to borrow a wheelchair for a couple of hours. Take it in turns with a partner to be in the wheelchair.
4. What are the important things to think about when using a walking aid?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. What does it feel like to be dependent on someone else?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
C. Take it in turns with a partner to be blind-folded. Practice sighted guiding.
6. What are the important things to think about when guiding someone with a visual impairment?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7. What did it feel like to be guided?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Unit Four –Maintaining Safety at Work
The main areas of this unit are:
4.1 Moving and Handling;
4.2 Health and Safety;
4.3 Fire Safety;
4.4 Emergency First Aid;
4.5 Safe Food Handling;
4.6 Infection Control.
Summary
This unit describes the safe working practices that are vital for you and service users. These are broken down into the following areas:
• Moving and Handling – techniques for moving people and objects to avoid injury to the worker or the service user.
• Health and Safety – an understanding of health and safety issues necessary to reduce risk.
• Fire Safety – an understanding of general fire safety
• Emergency First Aid – accidents and health emergencies happen in all settings. It is important for workers to understand how to respond to these.
• Safe food handling – the worker must be able to store and prepare food correctly to avoid food poisoning.
• Infection control – all workers must understand the importance of infection control in supplying care to the service user.
All areas of learning must be regularly updated. All workers, employers and organisations have a responsibility to make sure that updates take place.
[pic]
4.1 Moving and Handling
1. You must be able to demonstrate the principles of correct moving techniques.
| |Trainer |Date |Proficient |Signature |
|Hoist | | | | |
|Handling belt | | | | |
|Sliding sheet | | | | |
|Patient handling sling | | | | |
3. What injury is most common for people in the caring professions?
________________________________________________________________________
4. What can you do to prevent this injury?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Stop and Think!
|[pic] |[pic] |
|[pic] |[pic] |
4.2 Health and Safety
1. What are your responsibilities in relation to maintaining a safe environment?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. Why is it important to be aware that some service users may have unpredictable moods and behaviours?
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
3. When may you need to disconnect mains services? Who would you need to inform?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. Where are the main switches and stopcocks located?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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5. Make a list of potentially hazardous substances that you may come across in the course of your work:
________________________________________________________________________
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6. Make a list of security measures in the workplace:
________________________________________________________________________
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4.3 Fire Safety
1. Give four measures to prevent fire.
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________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe what to do in the event of a fire.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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4.4 Emergency First Aid
1. What have you been trained to do in relation to emergency first aid?
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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2. What must you not do in relation to emergency first aid?
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
3. Make a list of the primary health care services that you may come across in the course of your work.
________________________________________________________________________
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4.5 Safe food handling
1. List the three main causes of food poisoning:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. What measures could you take to promote safe food preparation and food hygiene.
________________________________________________________________________
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3. What hazards are associated with food and it’s preparation?
|[pic] | |
| |______________________________________________________________________________________________|
| |______________________________________________________________________________________________|
| |______________________________________________________________________________________________|
| |______________________________________________________ |
4.6 Infection Control
1. Describe the infection risks in three different environments you work in.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. List three routes of infection
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
`
3. Describe the measures needed to prevent the spread of infection
________________________________________________________________________
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Demonstrate effective hand washing (Direct observation is needed.)
|Date |Task |Demonstrated by: |Competent |
| |Effective Hand Washing | | |
|[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |
|1. Rub the palms together vigorously to |2. Ensure all hand surfaces receive |3. Wash between the fingers as they are |
|aid the removal of dead skin cells and |contact. It helps to have a set routine.|often heavily contaminated with bacteria.|
|bacteria. | | |
|[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |
|4. Decontaminate the fingertips of each |5. Clasp the hands together, ensuring |6. Rinse all hand surfaces thoroughly. |
|hand in turn by creating friction against|the thumbs and wrists receive contact |Residual soap can make the hands sore and|
|the palm of the opposite hand. |with each other. |dry. Dry hands on a paper towel to |
| | |prevent cross infection. |
3. What is personal protective equipment?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. List four occasions when you would use personal protective equipment.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. Why would you need to wear personal protective equipment even if you felt the risk of infection was minimal?
|[pic] | |
| |_______________________________________________________________|
| |_______________________________________________________________|
| |_______________________________________________________________|
| |_______________________________________________________________|
| |_______________________________________________________________|
| |_________ |
Unit Five – Understanding the effects of the service setting on providing services
The main areas of this induction standard are:
5.1 the effect of the service setting on the service user; and
5.2 the effect of the service setting on the worker.
Summary
This unit describes the understanding that you will need to have about the particular setting you will be working in. The main areas describe the two issues that are important for this understanding. They are the effects of the service setting on the user and the effect of the setting on the worker. This unit recognises that although the main areas and outcomes can be applied to all service settings, the knowledge and understanding expected on workers in relation to a particular service setting will vary
5.1 The effect of the service setting on the user
1. What aspects of the service can influence the way the service users feel and behave?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. What can you do to reduce any difficulties or problems these aspects may cause for the service users?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5.2 The effect of the service setting on the worker
1. Who are the important people in your team?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. Why is it important for the members of a team to know what each other is doing and work in a co-ordinated way?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. What difficulties are you likely to experience when working alone?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. What can you do to reduce or avoid these problems?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. You should read the policies on Working Alone and the Working Time Directive. You may photocopy the policies and use them for induction evidence and for your own reference.
|Policy |Date Read |Signature |
|Working alone | | |
|Working Time Directive | | |
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