Chapter 12 Test - Coppell ISD



Review with Answers Chapter 8

Preamble - introduction to a declaration, constitution, or official document

jury duty - the responsibility of every citizen to serve on a jury when called

Second Amendment – amendment that relates to the right to bear arms

domestic tranquility - peace and order at home; (from the preamble)

patriotism - feeling of love and devotion toward one’s country

impeach - to bring a serious wrongdoing against a public official

civilian - nonmilitary

civic virtue - the willingness to work for the good of the nation or community even at great sacrifice

First Amendment – amendment that safeguards basic individual liberties including freedom of religion, speech, and the press

general welfare - well-being of all the citizens of a nation

resident alien - noncitizen legally living in a country

override - to overrule, as when Congress overrules a Presidential veto

liberty - freedom

immigrant - person who enters another country in order to settle there

veto - reject a proposed law from Congress or the Senate

Articles - the main body of the Constitution that establishes the framework for the US Constitution

naturalize - to complete the official process for becoming a citizen

popular sovereignty - principle of the US Constitution that states the people have a right to create,

alter, and abolish their gov’t

citizen - person who owes loyalty to a particular nation and is entitled to all its rights and protections

limited government - principle of the US Constitution that states the gov’t has only the powers that

the Constitution gives it

local government - government on the county, parish, city, town, or district level

checks and balances - principle of the US Constitution that safeguards against abuse of power by

giving each branch of gov’t the power to check the other branches

infrastructure - system of roads, bridges, and tunnels

unconstitutional - not allowed under the Constitution

federalism - principle of the US Constitution that establishes the division of power between the

federal gov’t and the states

constitutional initiative - process by which citizens can petition for amendments to their state constitution

House of Representatives - largest of the two bodies that make up the legislative branch

appeal - to ask that a court decision be reviewed by a higher court

Twenty-sixth Amendment – amendment that lowered the minimum voting age from 21 to 18

Senate - representation is based on equal representation; 2 for each state

Nineteenth Amendment – guarantee to US women, in 1920, the right to vote

bill - proposed law

civil – lawsuit involving the private rights of individuals, as opposed to criminal

electoral college - group of electors from every state that meet every four years to elect

the President and Vice President

Civil War Amendments – 13th, 14th, & 15th Amendments abolishing slavery, guaranteed citizenship

to former slaves, and gave African American men the right to vote

Supreme Court - highest court in the US established by the Constitution

incriminate – to give evidence against

conscription - compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into the armed forces

citizen – person who owes loyalty to a particular nation and is entitled to all its rights and protections

confederation – group created for mutual support or common action

resolve – to deal with something successfully

ordinance – a law set forth by a government authority

avert – to avoid

revise – to change

endorse – to express support or approval of

free enterprise – freedom of private business to organize and operate for profit in a competitive

system without interference from government

contract – binding agreement between two or more people

pen name – factious name used by an author

compelled - forced

subsequent – following in time, order, or place

pardon – the excusing of an offense without exacting a penalty

pledge – to hold by a binding promise or agreement

infringed – interfere with or put limits on

servitude – a condition in which one lacks liberties

habeas corpus – the idea that no person could be held in prison without first being charged

with a specific crime

1. List the powers and lack of powers to describe the Articles of Confederation

A. did not have power to regulate trade between states

B. did not have not one person in power to execute the laws

C. did have power to pass laws with 9 of the 13 states’ approval

D. could not coin money

2. What is the process to amend the US Constitution ?

A. proposed by Congress with a 2/3 vote in both House

B. ratified by the Legislatures of 3/4 of the States

3. What is the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution ?

Freedoms of – religion, speech, press, peaceful assembly, and petition

4. Which Amendments granted civil rights primarily to African Americans ? 13th, 14th and 15th

5. Describe the unique parts of the Virginia Plan.

Wanted all congressmen to be based on population

6. Describe the unique parts of the New Jersey.

Wanted all congressmen to be awarded equally by state

7. Why was the Bill of Rights added to the U.S. Constitution ? protect individual rights

8. List the major Federalist that supported the Constitution.

Ben Franklin, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison

9. List the major Anti-Federalist that did not support the Constitution. George Mason,

10. Why didn’t the Anti-Federalist support the Constitution ?

Lacked the individual citizens’ written rights

11. What are the requirements to serve in the Executive Branch ?

1. US resident for 14 years

2. at least 35 years of age

3. natural born citizen

12. Which principle of the US Constitution states each branch of the government can limit the

power of the other two ? checks and balances

13. Describe the examples taken from the Romans when writing the US Constitution.

A. public service to citizens

B. independence for all individuals

C. devotion to the republic

14. List the Preamble goals of the United States Constitution ?

1. establish justice 2. promote general welfare

3. insure domestic tranquility 4. provide for the common defense

5. secure the blessings of liberty 6. form a more perfect

15. List the powers of Congress…

1. make the nation’s laws 2. collect taxes

3. borrow money 4. coin money

5. impeach the President 6. declare war

16. What major event happened in America as a result of and at the end of the Revolution ?

A. Farm goods dropped in value and demand,

B. Farmers revolted the increased taxes

C. an economic depression hit the new United States

17. How does the Supreme Court check the power of the Legislative Branch ?

declaring a law unconstitutional

18. What was a major concern for the Anti-Federalists regarding the Executive Branch ?

The President could become to powerful, like King George III

19. What is the term for the House of Representatives ? _________2 years

20. Describe what Article VI means when it states, “Supreme Law of the Land” ?

A. Above all other laws

B. established the power of the Federal Government

21. What is the term for a Senator ? _____________6 years

22. What is required to propose an amendment to the US Constitution ?

support of two thirds of both the House and the Senate

23. List the 3 major components of the 1689, English Bill of Rights…

A. regular Parliamentary elections

B. right to bear arms

C. right of habeas corpus

24. What do the 14th, 15th, 19th, and 26th Amendments have in common ?

voting rights

25. What is the majority reason for the Amendment of the US Constitution ?

to reflect the views and believes of the majority

List examples. 14th, 15th , 19th, 26th

26. What services do state and local governments have in common ?

provide law enforcement and education services

27. What is the main difference between the state constitution and US Constitution ?

State constitution is longer and contains more details

28. What are the 5 responsibilities of citizenship ?

1. vote 2. obey the law

3. serve on jury 4. serve the community / volunteering

5. be informed

29. Which of the grievance against England listed in the Declaration of Independence was later

addressed in the Bill of Rights ? trial by jury

30. Which principle of the Constitution states that citizens will elect representatives to carry out their will ? Republicanism

31. List the main services provided by state governments ?

1. Law enforcement

2. Supervise public education

3. Provide public health and welfare programs

4. License professionals (doctors, nurses, lawyers)

32. What are the 3 main parts to the US Constitution ? Preamble, Articles and Amendments (PAA)

33. List the powers the US Constitution gives to the Executive Branch ?

call special sessions of Congress, direct foreign policy, grant pardons

34. Why did the framers of the Constitution add the system of checks and balances ? to prevent the rise of an all-powerful leader

35. How did later amendments expand democratic rights ?

they gave more US citizens the right to vote

36. How is the State Constitutions similar to the National Constitution ?

both have three branches, a preamble, and a bill of rights

37. What makes a person a citizen of the United States ?

1. you were born in the US

2. you have been naturalized

3. you were 18 or younger when your parents were naturalized

38. How is the Judicial branch court system organized ?

District, Appellate, Supreme (DAS)

39. List the 7 Principles of American Government…

1. Popular Sovereignty

2. Limited Government

3. Separation of Powers

4. Checks and Balances

5. Federalism

6. Republicanism

7. Individual Rights

40. Judicial Branch - _____interprets_______ the laws

41. Legislative Branch - ____makes__________ the laws

42. Executive Branch - _____carries out______ the laws

43. List the seven (7) Articles of the Constitution…

1. Legislative Branch

2. Executive Branch

3. Judicial Branch

4. Relations between states/system for admitting new states

5. Process to amend Constitution

6. States’ laws cannot violate Constitution

7. Procedure for states to ratify constitution

44. Name the two Presidents that have been impeached…

1.___Andrew Johnson___________________________________________

2. ____Bill Clinton_______________________________________________

45. Name the 1st African American woman to serve in the US Congress from Texas

______Barbara Jordan________________________________________

46. How many amendments have been made to the US Constitution ? __27_____

47. How many members sit on the Supreme Court ? ____9________

48. What system is used for electing the President ? __Electoral College______

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