Essays for Reflection

Exploring the Roots

of Health Inequity

Essays for Reflection

Exploring the Roots of Health Inequity

Essays for Reflection

National Association of County & City Health Officials May 2014

Acknowledgments

Many people contributed to this publication in different ways through writing, support, ideas, insights, editorial suggestions, and review. NACCHO expresses gratitude to the Berkeley Media Studies Group (BMSG), especially Heather Gehlert and Lori Dorfman, for producing initial drafts and portions of the final drafts. Stephanie Farquhar, at Portland State University, working with BMSG team, organized much of the research. Steven Wing at the University of North Carolina offered many thoughtful suggestions and insights. Special thanks to our Expert Panel on Transforming Public Health Practice, including Amy Fairchild, Nick Freudenberg, Linda Rae Murray, Lexi Nolen, Ngozi Oleru, Bob Prentice, Dean Robinson, Tom Schlenker, Amy Schulz, Umair Shah, Lynn Weber, David Williams, and Sandra Witt. We would also like to thank Ruth Etzel for comments and review of two essays, Phyllis Jask for editing, and Mary Argodale for layout and design. Thanks to our colleagues at NACCHO, Kristina Gray, Ashley Bowen, and Subha Chandar. Finally thanks to Richard Hofrichter, who produced the final essays.

Table of Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Health Inequity | A Brief Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Essay 1 | Social Justice: The Foundation of Public Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Essay 2 | Public Health History and Social Reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Essay 3 | Racism and Class Structure

Part I: Structural Racism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Part II: Class Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Essay 4 | Knowledge for Health Equity: Frameworks and Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

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