PDF 10 - Aviation Impact Reform

DOT.'FAA/RD-92126

DOT-VNTSC-FAA-92-8 Rosearch and Development Service Washington. DC 20591

Crew Resource Management: An Introductory Handbook

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RSPA/VNTSC

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COKI HF PROGRA

RichardA.d.ams.

Advanced Aviation Concepts, Inc.

Final Report

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August 1992

This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service Springfield, Virginia 22161

10

US.Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration

NOTICE

This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes ro liability for its contents or use thereof.

NOTICE

The Uniicd States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers' names appear herein solely because they are considered

essential to the object of this report.

REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE

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Pubtic reporting burden for this col iecion of informnation is estimated to average, 1hour per response, incLuding the

time for review ngi nttructions searching existing data sources, gathering and maitnaining the Oata needed, and

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Segices Directorate for nformation Operations aqd Reports, 1215 Jefferson Do is HIghway Suite 1204, Ar Lton A

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1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank)

2. REPORT DATE August 1992

3 . REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED Final Report

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Crew Resource Management:

An Introductory Handbook

5. FUNDING NUMBERS

A1070/FAlEZ

6. AUTHOR(S)

James E. Driskell, Richard J, Adams

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)

Florida Maxima Corporation 147 East Lyman Avenue

Winter Park, FL 32789

Advanced Aviation Concepts, Inc. 10356 Sandy Run Road

Jupiter, FL 33478

9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)

U.S. Department of Transportation

Federal Aviation Administration Research and Development Service Washington, DC 20591

8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER

DOT-VNTSC-FAA-92-8

10. SPONSORING/MONITORING

AGENCY REPORT NUMBER DOT/FAA/RD-92/26

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161

12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

Recent research findings suggest that crew resource management (CRM) training can result in significant improvements in flightcrew performance. The objectives of this handbook are to foster an understanding of the background and philosophy of CRM and to p-,ovide an overview of the development, implementation and evaluation of CRM training. Currently, CRM programs have been implemented successfully at a number of airlines, large and small, civil and military. The variety of CRM training programs suggest that there are a number of ways to achieve effective CRM.

14. SUBJECT TERMS

Crew Resource Management (CRM). Air Carrier Training, Flight Crew Performance, Air Carrier Accident Prevention, Team Cooraination

15. NUMBER OF PAGES 62

16. PRICE CGOE

17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT

Unclassified

NSN 7540-01-280-5505

18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF THIS PAGE

Unclassified

19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF ABSTRACT

Unclassified

20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT

Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239-18 298-102

PREFACE

Recent research findings suggest that crew resource management (CRM) training can result in significant improvements in flightcrew performance. The objectives of this handbook are to foster an understanding of the background and philosophy of CRM and to provide an overview of the development, implementation and evaluation of CRM training. Currently, CRM programs have been implemented successfully at a number of airlines, large and small, civil and military. The variety of CR1M training programs suggest that there are a number of ways to achieve effective CRM.

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METRIC/ENGLISH CONVERSION FACTORS

ENGLISH TO METRIC

LENGTH (APPROXIMATE)

1inch (in.) - 2.3centimeters (cm) 1 foot (ft) w 30 centimeters (cm) 1yard (yd) w0.9 meter(in) ?mile(mi) - 1.6 kilomneters(km)

METRIC TO ENGLISH

LENGTH (APPROXIMATE)

1 millimeter (mm) w0.04 inch (in) 1centimeter (cm) - 0.4 inch (in)

1 meter (in) a 3.3 feet (ft) 1 meter (m) 1.1 yards(yd) 1 kilometer (km) u0.6 mile (mi)

AREA (APPROXIMATE)

I square inch (sq in, in2) -6.5 square centimeters (cm 2) 1 square foot (sq ft. ft2) w0.09 square meter (i2n) 1 squareyard (sq yd. yd2)) 0.8 square meter (m2) 1square mile (sq mi, rni 2) . 2.6 square kilometers (kin2) 1 acre m0.4 hectares (he) u4,000 square meters (m2n)

MASS - WEIGHT (APPROXIMATE)

1ounce (oz) -28 grams (gr) 1pound (Ib) =.43 kilogram (kg) I short ton -2,000 pounds (lb) = 0-9tonne (t)

VOLUME (APPROXIMATE)

1teaspoon (tsp) = 5 milliliters(mI) 1tablespoon (tbsp) x 15 milliliters (ml) 1fluid ounce (fI oz) - 30 milliliters (ml)

1 cup (c) - 0.24 liter (1) 1 pint (pt) - 0.47 liter (1)

1 quart (qt) 1 gallon (gal) 1cubic foot (cu ft, ft3) 1 cubic yard (cu yd, yd3)

-0.96 liter (1)

= 3.8 liters (1) =0.03 cubiq meter (in3)

a 0.76 cubic meter (in3)

AREA (APPROXIMATE)

1square centimeter (cm2) = 0.16 square inch (sq in,: n2) 1square meter (i2n) -1.2 square yards (sq yd. yd')

I square kilometer (kn2) = 0.4squaremile(sq ml,mn.i0) I hectare (he) =10,000 square meters ,m2) = 2.5 acres

MASS - WEIGHT (APPROXIMATE) 1gram (gr) =0.036 ounce (oz)

1kilogram (kg) =2.2 pounds (II) 1tonne (t) = 1,O000kilograms (kg) 1.1 short tons

VOLUME (APPROXIMATE)

I milliliter (ml) w0.03 fluid ounce (fl oz) 1liter (1) - 2.1 pints (pt) 1 liter (1) = 1.06 quarts (qt) 1 liter (1) - 0.26 gallon (gal)

1cubic meter (m]) .36 cubic feet (cu ft, ft3) 1cubic meter (i3n) - 1.3 cubic yards (cu yd, yd])

TEMPE RATU RE (EXACT) (N-c32)(5/9)J'F - yC

TEMPERATURE (EXACT) (c(9/y5)+ 321 C - x '

QUICK INC-H-CENTIMETER LENGTH CONVERSION

IN HE0

2

4

5

6

7

89

10

CENTIMETER0S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 IS 16 17 18 19 20 21

3 24 2 2540

* QUICK FAHRENHEIlT-CELSIUS TEMPERATURE CONVERSION

-400 .22*

.4

14'

32.

so*

686 Be

100

1220 1400 Ise'

176' 190 212'

c .40* .30' .200 .100 00

1o0 200 300 40

so.

600

70 0 g0oo

go

1000

For more exact and or other conversion factors, see NBS Miscellaneous Publication 286, Units of Weights and Measures. Price S2.50. SD Catalog No. C1 3 10286.

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