The Atom for Middle School - Miss Little's Classroom Website

Understanding the

Atom

for

Middle School

Table of Contents

1. Accessing Prior Knowledge Activity 2. The Atomic Model Worksheet and Key 3. The Atomic Model of Matter Graphic Organizer and key 4. Atomic Model of Matter Worksheet and key 5. Atom Notes 6. Complete Model of Atom Graphic Organizer and Key 7. Vocabulary Review and Key 8. Periodic Table 9. Understanding the Atom ? Finding Numbers of Protons, Neutrons, Electrons and

Key 10. Drawing Bohr Models of Atoms 1 ? 20 and Key 11. I Have You Have ?game reviewing concepts of atoms 12. Rules for Counting Atoms 13. Counting Atoms Worksheet and Key 14. Counting Atoms Review and Key 15. spdf Energy Levels Diagram and Periodic Table for Orbital Arrangement 16. Electron Arrangement Practice and Key 17. Electron Arrangement Worksheet and Key 18. Formula Weights

Name________________

What You Already Know About the About the Structure of the Atom

1. Take out a piece of lined paper. 2. Number 1 to 7. 3. Write down one fact you know about the atom. 4. Turn paper over. 5. You have 1 minute to circulate the classroom asking as many classmates as

possible what they wrote down. You must remember this. You may not write anything down. 6. After one minute back to your desk. 7. Write down as many responses from memory as you can. 8. How many responses can you recall

My Fact ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

1_______________________________________________________________________ 2_______________________________________________________________________ 3_______________________________________________________________________ 4_______________________________________________________________________ 5_______________________________________________________________________ 6_______________________________________________________________________ 7_______________________________________________________________________

Post Unit Reflection ? What I learned about the atom ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

The Atomic Model of Matter

Name______________________ Block_______________

More than ____________thousand years ago, A Greek philosopher named____________ led a group of scientists now known as `atomists'. These early Greeks thought that the atom was the ____________ possible piece of matter that could be obtained. They guessed that the atom was a small, ____________particle, and that all the atoms were made of the same material. They also thought that different atoms were different shapes and sizes, that the atoms were infinite in number, always ____________ and capable of joining together.

In 1803, ____________ proposed an atomic theory. The theory stated that all elements were made of atoms and that the atoms were ____________ and indestructible particles. Dalton's theory also said that atoms of the same element were the same, while atoms of different elements were ____________. The theory also said that____________ were made by joining the atoms of two or more elements together.

In 1897, J.J. Thomson discovered a particle even smaller than the atom. He named it the ____________, but today we call it the ____________. As a result of his discovery, Thomson proposed a new atomic ____________. According to Thomson's model, the atom was like a plum ____________ it was mostly a thick, positively charged material, with negative electrons scattered about it like ____________ in a pudding.

In 908, Ernest Rutherford took an extremely thin sheet of ____________ and bombarded it with electrons. Much to his surprise, most of the electrons went right through the foil, and the occasional ____________ was seriously deflected. To him, this seemed as likely as a baseball going

through a brick wall. He theorized that the gold foil must be mostly empty ____________, or else the electrons would bounce off most of the time. He figured that the atom was made up of a small, dense, positively charged center, called the ____________. Rutherford's theory has the electrons scattered around the atom's edge.

In1913, Neil Bohr narrowed down the actual location of the electrons. Bohr's model was similar to Rutherford's in that it had a ____________ made up of positively charged material. Bohr went on to propose that the negative particles (____________) orbited the nucleus much like the planets ____________ the sun.

Today the atomic model is very similar to Bohr's model. The modern atomic model, the Wave model, does not have exact orbits like Bohr did. Instead the modern model has a scatter region surrounding the ____________ where an ____________ will probably, but not certainly, be found.

The Atomic Model of Matter Key

More than 2000 thousand years ago, A Greek philosopher namedDemocritus led a group of scientists now known as `atomists'. These early Greeks thought that the atom was the smallest possible piece of matter that could be obtained. They guessed that the atom was a small, hard particle, and that all the atoms were made of the same material. They also thought that different atoms were different shapes and sizes, that the atoms were infinite in number, always movingand capable of joining together.

In 1803,Dalton proposed an atomic theory. The theory stated that all elements were made of atoms and that the atoms were indivisible and indestructible particles. Dalton's theory also said that atoms of the same element were the same, while atoms of different elements were different. The theory also said that compounds were made by joining the atoms of two or more elements together.

In 1897, J.J. Thomson discovered a particle even smaller than the atom. He named it the corpuscle, but today we call it the electron As a result of his discovery, Thomson proposed a new atomic model. According to Thomson's model, the atom was like a plum pudding it was mostly a thick, positively charged material, with negative electrons scattered about it like plumsin a pudding.

In 908, Ernest Rutherford took an extremely thin sheet of gold foil and bombarded it with electrons. Much to his surprise, most of the electrons went right through the foil, and the occasional bullet or electron was seriously deflected. To him, this seemed as likely as a baseball going through a brick wall. He theorized that the gold foil must be mostly empty space or else the electrons would bounce off most of the time. He figured that the atom was made up of a small, dense, positively charged center,

called the nucleus. Rutherford's theory has the electrons scattered around the atom's edge.

In1913, Neil Bohr narrowed down the actual location of the electrons. Bohr's model was similar to Rutherford's in that it had a nucleus made up of positively charged material. Bohr went on to propose that the negative particles (electrons) orbited the nucleus much like the planets orbit the sun.

Today the atomic model is very similar to Bohr's model. The modern atomic model, the Wave model, does not have exact orbits like Bohr did. Instead the modern model has a scatter region surrounding the nucleus where an electron will probably, but not certainly, be found

Name

The Atomic Model of Matter

On the graphic organizer provided summarize and illustrate the features of the atom for each model, and state the problem with each model.

Democritus Model ? 2000 yrs ago

Dalton Model - 1803

Thomson Model - 1897

Rutherford Model - 1908

Bohr Model - 1913

Wave Model - Modern

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