National Council for Special Education – Working to ...



Conventions of Print and Sentence Structure: PunctuationTerminal Marks?.!?Full Stop / PeriodLánstadExclamation Mark /Exclamation PointComhartha UaillbhreasaQuestion MarkComhartha Ceiste HYPERLINK "" The?full stop or period?is a punctuation mark. It is used mainly to mark the end of a declaratory sentence.The?exclamation mark is a punctuation mark usually used after an exclamation to indicate strong feelings emphasis. It is often used in warning signs. HYPERLINK "" The?question mark is a punctuation mark that indicates question.:;,ColonIdirstadSemi-colonLeathstadCommaCamógThe?colon?is a punctuation mark consisting of two equally sized dots centred on the same vertical line. A colon often precedes an explanation or a list. A colon is also used between hours and minutes. HYPERLINK "" The?semicolon?or?semi-colon?is a period over a comma. It can be used between two closely related independent clauses and also in place of commas to separate the items in a listThe comma is a punctuation mark. The comma is used mainly to separate parts of a sentence.“ ”-_Quotation MarksComhartha AthfhriotailHyphenFleiscínDashDaisThese punctuation marks are known as?quotes,?quote marks,?speech marks,?inverted commas and are used in pairs?to set off?direct speech or a?quotation. The pair consists of an opening quotation mark and a closing quotation mark,?The hyphen is a punctuation mark used to join words, and to separate syllables of a single word. The use of hyphens is called hyphenation. Non-hyphenated is an example of a hyphenated word.The?dash?is a?punctuation?mark that is similar in appearance to the?hyphen?and?minus sign?but differs from these symbols in length.…()&An ellipsisComhartha Focalbhá /FocalbháParenthesesIdiraisnéis / LúibínAmpersandAmparsanAn?ellipsis?also known informally as?dot-dot-dot, is a series of (usually three) dots that indicates an intentional omission of a word, sentence, or whole section from a text without altering its original meaningParentheses, (also called simply brackets) may be used in formal writing to add supplementary information, such as "Sen.?John McCain?(R?- Arizona) spoke at length"The?logogram ampersand?represents the?conjunction?"and".Learning Outcome for Writing (L1): 3 Conventions of print and sentence structureThe Progression Steps:Suggested Sequence for Teaching Punctuation (adapted from PDST: )These are only suggestions. Schools should feel free to adjust them to suit the needs of their own situationDraw yourself and write your nameFind capital letters in wordsFind capital letters in lists of lettersMatching lower case to capital lettersCopy lower case and capital lettersWrite the correct lower case letter with the capital letterRewrite sentences using capital letters and full stopsIdentifying correct sentences i.e. with capital letter and full stop.Revision of capital letters / full stopsCapital letters in months, days, titles, places.Capital letter ~ ‘I’Question MarksOrdering the days /months ~ capital lettersCommas ~ writing listsWriting addresses correctlyRewriting passages correctly ~ capital letters, full stops, commas.Use of comma ~ not before ‘and’Exclamation Marks!Using exclamation marks as punctuation marks in a sentence.Speech MarksRewriting sentences / short passages using correct punctuation ~ revision of above posing short stories from pictorial clues, paying attention to correct punctuationRevision of punctuation concepts to date.Changing sentences to questionsIdentifying sentences where commas should be usedFurther work on speech punctuationUse of hyphensUse of apostropheApostrophes for possessionApostrophes to shorten wordsApostrophe ~ use with plural nouns ending in?sSemi – ColonNegativesRevision of punctuation concepts to dateContractionsDirect and Indirect SpeechWorking with tenses, prepositions and clauses.‘I’ or ‘me’DashesThe ColonSimple SentencesCompound /Complex SentencesThe Passive VoiceUse of Brackets in sentencesConditionalsTips:The use of the Semi-Colon is Tricky! A nice explanation from can be found here: correct use of the dash is also not too well known. An explanation of its use can be found here: has a punctuation checking exercise: are many punctuation checker websites and Chrome add-ons that will check your writing. Phrases:in parentheses: ?idir lúibíníellipsis, whatever that means: ?focalbhá, cibé rud a chiallaíonn sé sinwe waited for the train to come to a full stop: ?d'fhanamar go dtí go raibh an traein ina lánstadthe separating semicolon: ?an leathstad dealaithemisplaced commas: ?camóga atá as áit,?camóga atá san áit chontráilteyou need to put in a comma: ?ní mór duit camóg a chur isteachshe enclosed the phrase in quotation marks: ?chuir sí comharthaí athfhriotail thart ar an bhfrása ................
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