Accounting Principles Question Paper, Answers and ...

Accounting Principles Question Paper, Answers and Examiners Comments

Level 3 Diploma

June 2013

7B/PQP/1

June 2013

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 Copyright of the Institute of Credit Management

Institute of Credit Management The Water Mill, Station Road, South Luffenham, Oakham, Leicestershire LE15 8NB Bookshop Tel: 01780 722901. Education Tel: 01780 722909 Switchboard Tel: 01780 722900. Fax: 01780 721333

June 2013

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Accounting Principles Questions, Answers and Examiners' Comments

LEVEL 3 DIPLOMA IN CREDIT MANAGEMENT

JUNE 2013

Instructions to candidates

Answer any FIVE questions. All questions carry equal marks. Time allowed: 3 hours

All ledger accounts must be prepared in continuous balance format Final accounts must be prepared in vertical format

Where appropriate, VAT is to be calculated at 20%

Questions start on the next page

Generally candidates performed reasonably well and this assessment series witnessed an 88% pass rate.

Questions one, two and six were the most popular: questions five and eight the least with learner preferences equally shared between the other three questions. Although like previous years many candidates are not adequately prepared for an examination of this type. All learners and centres need to look at previous examiners comments to identify what is required.

Format and presentation of answers varied from excellent to dire. Many candidates still are confused about the differences between debits and credits and a minority fail to bracket credit balances which is disappointing. Some learners' answers to narrative questions were extremely poor with guesswork being the order of the day. Nevertheless there are some very good learners taking this exam and scoring well which is to be commended.

June 2013

7B/PQP/3

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1. a) The trial balance of UK Kneads, a sole trader, as at 31 December 2012 was as follows:

Capital Land and buildings Office equipment at cost Motor vehicles at cost Drawings Sales and purchase returns Carriage in Carriage out Stock as at 1.1.2012 Bank Sales and purchases Motor expenses Provision for doubtful debt Provision for depreciation:

Land and buildings Office equipment Motor vehicles Sundry expenses Wages and salaries Debtors and creditors Telephone and insurance Bank loan

Debit ?

60,000 13,000 18,000 10,100

1,250 750

1,125 9,000 1,200 101,000 2,400

2,760 12,500 10,200

2,200

245,485

Credit ? 69,585

1,000

142,360 240

2,400 1,300 3,600

10,000 15,000 245,485

You are given the following additional information: Closing stock, as at 31.12.2012, ?10,200

Depreciation is to be charged as follows:

Land and buildings

1% straight-line method

Office equipment

10% straight-line method

Motor vehicles

20% reducing balance method

Wages owing ?1,200

Insurance paid in advance ?200 Provision for doubtful debts is to be maintained at 5% of debtors.

TASK

a) Prepare the Trading & Profit & Loss Account for UK Kneads for the year ended 31

December 2012 taking into account the notes to the trial balance.

(15 marks)

b) Describe the merits and limitations of using a bank overdraft to finance working capital

arrangements.

(5 marks)

Total 20 marks

June 2013

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Question aims To assess the candidate's knowledge and understanding of how a trial balance and

adjustments are used to compile the final accounts of a sole trader To test that the candidate appreciates the alternative sources of short-term finance

available to a sole trader to satisfy working capital arrangements.

Suggested answer

a) The Trading and Profit and Loss Accounts of UK Kneads for the year ended 31 December 2012

Sales Sales returns

? 14,2360

1.250

? 141,110

Less: Cost of sales Opening stock Purchases Add carriage in Less purchase returns

Less closing stock

Gross profit

9,000

101,000

750

NB

(1,000)

100,750

109,750

10,200

99,550

41,560

Less expenses: Carriage out Motor expenses Increase in the provision for doubtful debt W1 Sundry expenses Wages and salaries Telephone and insurance Provision for depreciation: Land and buildings W2 Motor vehicles W3 Office equipment W4 Net profit

1,125 2,400

270 2,760 13,700 2,000

600 2,880 1,300

27,035 14,525

June 2013

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Workings

W1 Provision for doubtful debt 10,200 X 5%

Less provision brought forward Increase in provision

W2 Provision for depreciation Land and building 1% of 60,000

W3 Provision for depreciation Office equipment 10% of 13,000

W4 Provision for depreciation Motor vehicles Cost Less provision NBV 20% of 14,400 New NBV

510 (240)

270

600

1,300

18,000 3,600

14,400 2,880

11,520

b) A bank overdraft is a short-term form of bank lending which is used by many organisations to fund day-to-day operational activities, sometimes called working capital. It is used to finance short-term cash shortfalls during the period before income is received so that the bank current account will have a negative balance (credit) and is shown as a current liability on the balance sheet.

Advantages Fairly simple to arrange

It is flexible as it can be altered to reflect changing financial situations

It is relatively cheap as interest is charged on the daily amount outstanding.

Disadvantages They are repayable on demand

If the amount is too high, the bank might seek security and additional fees

If the overdraft has not been agreed in advance then the interest charges are likely to be high.

A very popular question and in the main well answered. Most students are aware of the form and content of a trading and profit and loss account though presentation at times did let some of the candidates down. Some could not distinguish between sales and purchases from balances given in the trial balance and the same could be said for returns. The calculation of depreciation in both its forms continues to cause problems for many as does accounting adjustments for accruals and prepayments.

June 2013

7B/PQP/6

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2. Phil Wall is a sole trader who has provided his accountant with the following account balance as at 31 December 2012:

Account Sales Bank Purchases C Evans (customer) T Agale (supplier) Discount allowed Discount received VAT owing to HMRC

Balance ? 2,500.00 3,750.00 1,700.00 790.00 950.00 70.00 90.00 1340.75

The following transactions took place during January 2013. VAT is levied at 20%

January 2 Sales to C Evans on credit ?600.00 plus VAT

January 3 Purchases from T Agale ?400.00 plus VAT

January 8 A credit note was sent to C Evans for goods returned of ?150.00 plus VAT

January 9 A credit note was received from T Agale for ?100.00 inclusive of VAT

January 14 January 19

C Evans pays Phil ?1,250.00 by cheque in full settlement of her account; the remainder being treated as a discount

Phil pays T Agale by cheque ?1,300.00 in full settlement of his account with anything remaining to be treated as a discount

January 26 Phil takes ?200.00 out of the bank account for his own personal use.

January 31

Phil pays HM Revenue and Customs for the amount owing as at 31 January 2013.

TASK

a) Open the ledger balances as at 1 January with the opening balances.

(4 marks)

Record all the transactions for January in the relevant ledger accounts, opening new accounts where necessary. All credit balances should be shown in brackets or noted `Cr'.

(13 marks)

b) Briefly explain the difference between a liability and an asset.

(3 marks)

Total 20 marks Question aims: To test the candidate's ability to: Compute and correctly account for VAT on sales, purchases and returns Post entries from purchase and sales invoices and credit notes to their relevant accounts

in the sales, purchase and general ledger Correctly open individual ledger accounts with given balances and make relevant entries

to record transactions Correctly compute and calculate for VAT.

June 2013

7B/PQP/7

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Account: Sales Date

Details

1 January 2013

Balance b/f

2 February 2013 C Evans

Account: Bank

Date

Details

1 January 2013

Balance b/f

14 January 2013 C Evans

19 January 2013 T Agale

20 January 2013 Drawings

31 January 2013 Revenue and customs

Account: Purchase

Date

Details

1 January 2013

Balance b/f

7 January 2013

T Agale

Account: C Evans

Date

Details

1 January 2013

Balance b/f

2 January 2013

Sales

8 January 2013

Sales returns

14 January 2013 Bank

14 January 2013 Discount allowed

Account: T Agale

Date

Details

1 January 2013

Balance b/f

3 January 2013

Purchases

9 January 2013

Purchase returns

19 January 2013 Bank

19 January 2013 Discount received

Account: Discount allowed

Date

Details

1 January 2013 14 January 2013

Balance b/f C Evans

Dr

Cr

600

Dr

Cr

1,250.00

1.300.00 200.00

1,367.42

Dr

Cr

400.00

Dr

Cr

720.00

180.00 1,250.00

80.00

Dr

100.00 1,300 30.00

Cr 950.00 480.00

Dr

Cr

80.00

Balance (2,500) (3,100)

Balance 3,750.00 5,000.00 3,700.00 3,500.00 2,132.58

Balance 1,700.00 2,100.00

Balance 790.00

1,510.00 1,330.00

80.00 nil

Balance (950)

(1,430) (1,330)

(30) 0.00

Balance 70.00

150.00

June 2013

7B/PQP/8

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