Absolutism, English Monarchies and the Enlightenment



Study Guide: Absolutism /Enlightenment / RevolutionsTest: Friday November 17th 2016Review QuestionsIn order to get bonus points on your test, you must complete ALL parts of ALL questions.ABSOLUTISM, IN GENERALHow is absolutism defined?What is the Theory of Divine Right?What are the causes of Absolutism?What are the effects of Absolutism?RUSSIAN ABSOLUTISM Who were boyars? How did Russian absolute rulers keep their power in check?How did Peter the Great demonstrate absolutism?Who westernized Russia? Examples?FRENCH ABSOLUTISM Define Huguenots. How did the Edict of Nantes affect them? Who repealed it and why?Who was Louis XIV? What was his nickname? Why?How did Louis keep the power of the nobles in check?How did Louis demonstrate absolute rule?What was the significance of the palace at Versailles?ENGLISH ABSOLUTISMHow and why did the Stuarts come to the throne?JAMES IWhat was James I’s relationship with Parliament?Who were the Puritans?CHARLES IWhat did Charles I do that led to the ENGLISH CIVIL WAR?ENGLISH CIVIL WARDescribe each side: Roundheads v. CavaliersWhat side were the Puritans on? Why?What happened to Charles I after the English Civil War?How did Oliver Cromwell come to power? What was his official title? How did he rule England?THE RESTORATIONWhat was the Restoration? Who was the first monarch after the Restoration?What is a constitutional monarchy? How is different from an absolute monarchy?What was the Habeas Corpus Act?What did Tories want? What did Whigs want?Why did James II cause problems with Parliament?THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION Who were William and Mary? Why did they overthrow James II? What were the long-term effects of English Civil War and Glorious Revolution?ENLIGHTENMENTWhat was the Enlightenment? What did Enlightenment thinkers emphasize?What are natural rights?What are the major beliefs of each of the following?Hobbes:Locke:Montesquieu:Rousseau:Voltaire:The Estates General and the Old RegimeWhat was the Old Regime and when did it exist?Describe members/characteristics of the 1st Estate:Describe members/characteristics of the 2nd Estate:Describe members/characteristics of the 3rd Estate:The French Revolution: PHASE 1 - Estates General to National Assembly…What were the primary causes of the French Revolution?What factors contributed to the French financial crisis prior to the revolution?Why did King Louis XVI call for a meeting of the Estates General in 1789?What was the National Assembly? What was the significance of the Tennis Court Oath?What was the Storming of the Bastille? What was its significance?The French Revolution: PHASE 2 - Constitutional Monarchy & Beyond…How did the National Assembly attempt to reform France? What was the significance of the Declaration of the Rights of Man & Citizen?What form of government did the Constitution of 1791 establish? What was its significance??migrés: who were they/what was their position on the French Revolution?The French Revolution: PHASE 3 - Radical Republic to Directory… What is a republic? Why does the National Convention vote for a republic? What reforms did the National Convention make? What was the purpose of the National Convention’s reforms?Define universal male suffrage:What were the symbols/slogan of the Revolution?What happened to Louis XVI during the Republic?Describe the difference between Jacobins and Girondists in the National Convention.Who were the leaders of the Jacobins?What was the purpose of the Committee of Public Safety? What was the Reign of Terror? Who led it? What effect does it have on France? How does it end?Napoleon – PHASE 4 - From Consulate to Exile!Who was Napoleon? How and why did Napoleon gain control of the Directory?Define plebiscite and explain how it relates to Napoleon.Describe the Napoleonic Code:What ideas did it include?What was NOT protected under it?What was the purpose of the Continental System?Describe each of the following in Napoleon’s Downfall:What happened in Russia?Battle of Trafalgar?Exile/100 Days/Waterloo?Congress of ViennaDefine Balance of Power Comparison of RevolutionsWhat are the major similarities between the American and French Revolutions? ................
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