Mr. Kirby's social studies classes - Home



SS8H3a- Explain the immediate and long-term causes of the American Revolution and their impact on GA; include the French and Indian War, Proclamation of 1763, Stamp Act, Intolerable Acts, and the Declaration of Independence.The French and Indian War (Seven Years War)-Began in 1754 and lasted nine years-The result of long term (65 years) disputes between Great Britain and France.-Caused by fear and greed. Fear that one country would gain more power than the other and greed that each country hoped to gain the most land in the New World and control the treasures of the territory.-Great Britain had a stronger Navy, but France had a stronger Army.-The six tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy backed the British and the French were trading partner with most of the western tribes.-Both the British and the French claimed the Ohio River Valley (about 200,000 acres)-In 1753, George Washington was sent to warn the French to stop building forts in the Ohio River Valley, but was ignored.-In 1754, George Washington went Fort Duquesne (near Pittsburgh) with 150 Virginia Militia troops.-Washington and his men built Fort Necessity, a crude stockade. The British attacked the French soldiers in a nearby camp. Fort Necessity was later attacked and Washington had to surrender to the French. -The first few years of the war were disastrous for the British, but in 1757, William Pitt was put in charge of the war effort and with the British Navy, conquered French Canadian cities Quebec and Montreal.-In 1758, Washington went back to For Duquesne and was victorious! The frontier was now safe and in British control.-Although Georgia did not take part in the French and Indian War, it was helped by The Treat of Paris of 1763 when Georgia’s western boundary was set at the Mississippi River.Results of the French and Indian War:British gained control of CanadaThe western frontier was opened for settlement by the other coloniesGreat Britain obtained Florida from Spain (who were allies of France)France gave the Louisiana Territory to SpainFrance lost all of its land in the areaThe French and Indian War lead to the American Revolution. Because of huge war debts, the colonists were unfairly taxed to pay for the war.Proclamation of 1763At the end of the war, King George III issued the Proclamation of 1763 forbidding colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. Georgia’s southern boundary was now the St. Mary’s River. The Cherokee and the Creek Indians had to give up all lands between the Ogeechee and Savannah Rivers north to Augusta (GA’s second oldest city). The Indians also had to give up their coastal lands south of the Altamaha River. Settlers began to migrate to GA when these land came open. GA had water access for shipping, good land for farming and dense forests.Background reading: pages 143-146Stamp ActThe stamp act was a tax placed on newspapers, legal documents, and licenses. This act occurred in 1765 as a result of the need to pay war debts. The colonists were furious about the stamp act. A “stamp act congress” convened in Boston to speak against the tax. GA did not send a representative since the Georgia Colonial Assembly was not in session, however, Georgians showed their disapproval by burning an effigy of the stamp master in the streets of Savannah.The Liberty Boys were a group of Georgians who opposed the Stamp Act. They came together on November 6, 1765 and were a part of the group, The Sons of Liberty, who represented the spirit of the revolution. Georgia was not affected too much by the Stamp Act, but South Carolina was. GA continued to sell the stamps which infuriated South Carolina. GA’s only newspaper, The Georgia Gazette, had to shut down until the act was repealed a year later!Background reading: pages 149-150Enrichment Activity: with paper provided to you by Mr. Kirby, draw a “stamp” protesting the stamp act. The Intolerable ActsRead “Protests Increase” page 151After the Boston Tea party, four laws were made to punish the colonists. These were known as the Intolerable Acts.The port of Boston was closed until the colonists paid for the tea dumped in the harbor.Massachusetts colonists could not hold a town meeting without the agreement of the governor.The operation of the court system was changed so that any British officials who committed crimes would be tried in Great Britain and not in the colonies.The Quartering act required colonists to house and feed British soldiers at their own expense.The colonists were furious and representatives of all 13 colonies, except GA) convened in Philadelphia to protest these acts. On September 5, 1774, the delegates formed a continental congress and agreed to stop all trade with Great Britain. They also got each colony to set up committees of safety to enforce the boycott.GA still depended greatly on Great Britain and chose not to send a delegate to the continental congress. They did however meet in August 1774 to discuss their reaction to the Intolerable acts. A letter was sent to Great Britain demanding that colonists be given the same rights as the British.A Provincial Congress was held in Savannah in January 1775 to discuss their growing unhappiness with Great Britain. Unfortunately, less than half the parishes were represented and not much was done.Background reading: “The Intolerable Acts”, pages 151-152.0The Declaration of IndependenceRead “The Declaration of Independence” on page 155In the space provided, write about Thomas Paine and fill out the graphic organizer about him.Who was Thomas Paine?What did he write?Where did he live?Why is he mentioned in the readingHow did his actions affect the American RevolutionWhen did the Second Continental Congress approve the Declaration of Independence?How many words are used in the Declaration of Independence?What are the three parts of the Declaration of Independence and what do they state or list?1)2)3)What was Georgia’s reaction when the Declaration of Independence was read?How did Georgia prepare for war?SS8H3b- Analyze the significance of people and events in Georgia on the Revolutionary War; include loyalists, patriots, Elijah Clarke, Austin Dabney, Nancy Hart, Button Gwinnett, Lymon Hall, George Walton, Battle of Kettle Creek, and the siege of Savannah.Loyalists- also called “Tories”, “British Royalists”, or “King’s friends” were those who were loyal to the King of England, George III.Patriots- also called “Whigs”, “Liberty Boys”, “Colonials”, and “Sons and Daughters of liberty, were citizens who wanted to cut ties with Great Britain.The Battle of Kettle Creek- pages 157-158Who was Elijah Clarke?What was the Battle of Kettle Creek?Where was the battle located (do not write Kettle Creek)?Although considered a minor battle, why was it important to GA?Austin Dabney- page 162Who was Austin Dabney?Why is he important?What did he accomplish?Who were the Harris family?Where did Dabney settle?Nancy Hart- page 159Who was Nancy Hart?What was her family like?Why is she someone we study?Why was Nancy Hart’s actions considered so remarkable for a woman of that time period?Why do you think Nancy Hart’s legends are true or untrue?Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall, and George Walton were the three Georgian who signed the Declaration of Independence. The Declaration of Independence was officially signed on August 2, 1776Who was the youngest signer of the Declaration of Independence?How much is an autograph of Button Gwinnett worth today?The Siege of Savannah- read pages 158 and 161.When did British troops take control of Savannah?How many French ships and soldiers did Charles Henri, Comte d’Estaing bring with him?Where did he land?What is a siege?What happened on October 9?How many men died?Who was Count Casimir Pulaski?What happened to him? ................
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