Socialization - Illinois State University
Socialization
Social Experience: The Key to Our Humanity
socialization: the lifelong social experience by which individuals develop human potential and learn patterns of their culture
social experience is also the basis of personality
a person’s fairly consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting
effects of social isolation
Isabelle, Genie, institutionalized children, primate studies
The Socialization Process
Mead: development of the self, role taking
self: a dimension of personality composed of individual’s self-awareness and self-concept
develops over time through exchange of symbols and ability to take the role of the other
influenced by significant others and the generalized other
Cooley: looking-glass self
development of self-concept based on interaction with others and how we think others perceive us (lifelong process)
Piaget: cognitive development
progress through stages in developing the ability to reason
sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational (may not apply to all societies)
Freud: personality results from combination of basic biological drives and the influence of society
id, ego, superego
Gender Socialization
conveying values and norms which set different expectations of attitudes and behaviors (gender roles) for males and females
sex-linked behaviors in the family
different gender messages in the mass media
television, music, etc.
beyond primary and secondary sex characteristics (anatomical differences), biological differences between the sexes are relatively limited
most of the “differences” between men and women are culturally based
Agents of Socialization
people and groups which influence our self-concept, emotions, attitudes, and behaviors
family
religion
1. day care
school
peer group
workplace
Socialization through the Life Course
stages of the life course in contemporary America
childhood: birth to 12
adolescence: 13 to 17
young adulthood: 18 to 29
middle adulthood: 30 to 65
old age: over 65
although each stage is linked to the the biological process of aging, the life course is largely a social construction (and therefore varies among societies)
the stages in the life course present problems and transitions that require learning something new and unlearning familiar routines
people’s life experiences vary depending on when, in the history of society, they are born
age cohort
Resocialization
resocialization: learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors to match a new situation in life
total institution: setting in which people are isolated from the rest of society and under the total control of administrative staff
two step process
“degradation ceremony” to remove previous identity and autonomy
systematically rebuild a different self through rewards and punishments
What about free will?
Socialization demonstrates the power of society to shape our thoughts, feelings, and actions. Yet, as free humans, we also have the capacity to act upon society and, in so doing, shape ourselves and our world. (Macionis)
Each of us is actively involved in the social construction of the self. Although socialization is powerful, we are not merely the sum of our socialization experiences. We can act on our environment and change it. (Henslin)
................
................
In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.
To fulfill the demand for quickly locating and searching documents.
It is intelligent file search solution for home and business.
Related download
Related searches
- illinois state university online courses
- illinois state university programs
- illinois state university bachelor degrees
- illinois state university degree programs
- illinois state university online degree
- illinois state university online masters
- illinois state university summer schedule
- illinois state university summer classes
- illinois state university phd programs
- illinois state university online program
- illinois state university online degrees
- illinois state university masters programs