Section 8-1 Vocabulary Worksheet



Name: _____________________________________________________ Period: ___

Section 8-1 Vocabulary Worksheet

|TERM |DEFINITION |

|Chromosome | |

| | |

|Histone | |

| | |

|Chromatid | |

| | |

|Centromere | |

| | |

|Sex chromosome | |

| | |

|Autosome | |

| | |

|Homologous chromosome | |

| | |

|Karyotype | |

| | |

|Diploid | |

| | |

|Haploid | |

| | |

Copy the definition below into the space above for the correct word:

• Cells – such as normal body cells – that have 2 copies of each chromosome

• A picture showing all of the chromosomes in an individual’s cells.

• The middle part of a chromosome that holds two chromatids together.

• Proteins that help DNA coil up into chromosomes.

• Cells – such as sperm and egg cells – that have only 1 copy of each chromosome.

• Chromosomes that determine the gender of an organism.

• Two identical copies (aka “sisters”) of these make up 1 single chromosome.

• This is the form DNA takes during cell division.

• These chromosomes carry genes, but do not affect an organism’s gender.

• Two chromosomes that are the exact same size and have genes for the same characteristics.

In each pair below, one cell type is haploid, and one is diploid. Write H above the haploids, and D above the diploids.

1. Sperm Skin

2. Brain Egg

3. XX X

4. AaBbCc ABC

5. Draw a pair of homologous chromosomes below. Label the two sets of sister chromatids and the centromeres.

6. How many chromosomes does a typical female human have?

7. How many pairs of homologous chromosomes?

8. How many autosomes?

9. How many sex chromosomes?

10. What type of molecule is a histone? What building blocks is it made of?

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