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Ancient Rome Review Guide

Performance Objectives:

1. Students complete map of the region locating major geographic features, political boarders and cities.

2. Explain how geography influenced ancient Rome.

3. Understand how government changed as Rome grew.

4. Describe views Romans held about family, education, and religion.

5. Explain why Rome and Carthage fought.

6. Explain why Roman government needed reform.

7. Describe how a series of generals gained power in Rome.

8. List the changes Julius Caesar introduced.

9. Explain how Augustus brought peace to Rome.

10. Describe how people lived under Pax Romana.

11. List problems that existed alongside Pax Romana.

12. Describe how Greek culture influenced Rome.

13. List the contributions Romans made in science, technology, and law.

14. Explain why reforms were unable to stop the decline of Rome.

15. Explain why Germanic tribes invaded Rome.

16. List the political, economic, and social problems that led to the decline of Rome.

Section I – The Republic

What is the geography of Italy and how did it affect the development of Roman culture/society?

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Early cultures of Italy:

Latins

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Etruscans

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Greeks

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The early republic / government of Rome

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Family, women and religion

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Section II – The Expansion of Rome

Where did they expand?

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How did the Romans conquer surrounding lands/countries?

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Rome v. Carthage

1st Punic War

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2nd Punic War _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3rd Punic War

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Changes brought on by victory and new territories

Grain and agriculture

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Slaves

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Wealth and trade

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Section III – The decline of the Roman Republic-

What caused popular revolts and upheavals in Rome?

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Gracchus Brothers

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Military problems and reforms

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1st Triumvirate

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Rule, reforms, and end of Julius Caesar

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2nd Triumvirate, civil war, and end of the republic

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Section IV – The Roman Empire

Augustus, his reforms and the Pax Romana

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What did Augustus fail to do? Why was that a problem?

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Five “good” emperors

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Roman art/literature, philosophy, and engineering

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Section V – The Fall of the Roman Empire

Social conditions/issues

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Inflation- What is it? What was the impact it had on Rome?

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Reforms of Diocletian and Constantine

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The early Christian church, Paul, and Augustine

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Barbarians and the military decline

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Section VI – Unit Focus Questions

The Romans liked to think that they had a moderate and well-balanced system of government that contained pieces of all previous forms of government. How was the Roman system of government well-balanced and how did it provide a system of checks on power?

There were many factors that brought about the collapse of the Roman republic. There were also many people who played a role in its collapse. What role did the Gracchi, Julius Caesar, and Octavian (Augustus) play in bringing about the collapse of the republic?

Like the collapse of the republic there were many causes for the final collapse of the Western Roman Empire. These factors included: problems. What were the military, economic, social, and political factors that caused the final collapse of the Roman Empire?

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