World History With Mr. C.



Vocabulary Chapters 27 & 28

Pacifism

Militarism

Entente

Ultimatum

Mobilize

Neutrality

Stalemate

No man’s land

Zeppelin

U-boat

Convoy

Total war

Conscription

Propaganda

Atrocity

Self-determination

Armistice

Pandemic

Reparations

Collective security

Mandate

Soviet

Command economy

Totalitarian state

Communist party pg.713

World War I

Setting the Stage

*Aggressive Nationalism

German, new ______________ and military might

French, wants to be European leader again

Upset over lose in Franco-__________________ war

_______________, Pan-Slavism

Supports ____________________

*Economic Rivalries

Britain ___________________ by Germany’s industrial production

Germany upset, feels that they “get no _________________”

Setting the Stage

*Imperialism

Germany and France fight over ______________, almost went to war

_________________ in France drawing closer to Britain

*Militarism “the glorification of the military”

Social __________________

Romantic

*_____________ Race

In all areas

Especially fierce between ___________________ and Britain (naval)

It was Admiral, the First Sea Lord, was the driving-force behind the development of the Dreadnought that was built at Portsmouth Dockyar between October 1905 and December 1906. The Dreadnought was the most heavily-armed ship in history. She had ten 12-inch guns (305 mm), whereas the previous record was four 12-inch guns. The gun turrets were situated higher than user and so facilitated more accurate long-distance fire. In addition to her 12-inch guns, the Dreadnought also had twenty-four 3-inch guns (76 mm) and five torpedo tubes below water. In the waterline section of her hull, the Dreadnought was armoured by plates 28 cm thick. The Dreadnought was the first major warship driven solely by steam turbines, making her faster than any other warship. A total of 526 feet long (160.1 metres) the Dreadnought had a crew of over 800 men.

By 1914 the British Navy had nineteen Dreadnoughts (thirteen under construction), compared with Germany's thirteen (seven under construction). Other fleets with Dreadnoughts at sea by 1914 were: United States (8), France (8), Japan (4), Austria-Hungary (2) and Italy (1).

*Alliances

Fear and distrust of each other caused countries form treaties for ___________ protection.

*Central Powers

___________ Germany Austria/Hungry and Russia

1 year later _________________ joins

Kaiser William dropped Russia

______________ weak and later formed a secret bargain with Britain

1914 _________________ Empire joined.

*The Spark

June 28th 1914 Austrian heir Francis _______________ went to Sarajevo

Princip and 6 others plan to kill him, members of “Unity or Death” know as “*___________________”

Austria delivers an “Ultimatum” to Serbia

July 28th 1914 ________________ declares war on Serbia.

The Fuse Is Lit

Germany _________________ Austria

Serbia is mostly Slavs

Asked Russia “the champion of ________________ nations” for help

________________ II telegraphed Kaiser William II

Wanted Austria to soften it’s stand toward Serbia

William said _______!!!

The Boom

Russia began to “mobilize” it’s ________________ forces

_____________ responded by declaring war on Russia.

Russia asks for help from _______________.

Germany tells France to stay __________________.

France says NO!!!

Germany declares _________ on France.

Summary

Write a minimum of four sentences that summarize your notes to this point.

*Schlieffen Plan

Russia ___________ to mobilize

Attack ____________ through Belgium and get to Paris before the Russian’s could mobilize.

Britain and ____________ and Italy were neutral up to this point.

*The Fizzle

Germany attacks France through Belgium.

Britain and Belgium have an __________________.

Britain _______________ the war

Russia mobilizes _________________ than Germany thought

Germany moves troops to ______________ front.

________________ the Western front.

British troops shore up _______________ lines.

The assault stalls and both sides dig in for the winter.

Four years later they are still in the trenches.

Trench Warfare

Map of the Trenches

Photos from the Trenches

Gas Warfare

1. Lacrimators: (_______ irritants and "tear gases")

2. Sternutators: (nasal irritants, "_______________ gases," "vomiting gases“ )

3. Lung irritants: (suffocants, respiratory irritants)

4. Vesicants (___________ irritants, escharotics)

New Weapons

Daily Rations

British

20 oz. Fresh or ___________ meat, or 16 oz. preserved or salt meat

20 oz. ___________, or 16 oz. biscuit or flour

4 oz. Bacon, 3 oz. Cheese, 5/8 oz. Tea, 4 oz. Jam, 3oz. Sugar, 1/2 oz. Salt, 1/36 oz. Pepper, 1/20 oz. mustard

8 oz. fresh or 2 oz. dried vegetables, 1/10 gal. lime juice (for scurvy)

1/2 gal rum (at discretion of commanding general)

20 oz. tobacco per ____________

German

26 1/2 oz. bread or 17 1/2 oz. field biscuit, or 14 oz. egg biscuit

____ oz. fresh or frozen meat, or 7 oz. preserved meat

53 oz. potatoes, or 4 1/2 oz. Vegetables

9/10 oz. ___________, or 1/10 oz. Tea

7/10 oz. Sugar, 9/10 oz. salt

2 cigars and 2 ______________, or 1 oz. pipe tobacco, or 9/10 oz. plug tobacco, or 1/5 oz. Snuff

.17 pint spirits or .44 pint wine or .88 pint beer

Stalemate = *Total War

Economic effects:

Raised __________, borrowed money, rationed food and other products, set prices and forbid strikes

_______________

Controlling public opinion

Women

“Home Front” took over the ______________ vacated by the men on the front.

Propaganda Posters

from the United States

After 3 years, Morale Begins Collapsing….*Why?

• By 1917 troops are still in the same ______________ as in 1914.

• The warring ________________ are on the verge of bankruptcy.

• Troops mutinied

• _____________ is scarce

• The generals have ___________ to achieve the promised victories.

Summary

Write a minimum of four sentences that summarize your notes to this point.

Revolution in Russia

__________ Russia signs the Treaty of Brest-Lovsk

*Germany could concentrate on the ______________ Front.

1st ________________ overthrew the Czar, on February 23 to 27, 1917

2nd revolution called the Bolshevik, or October, __________________.

*United States enters the war

• Cultural ties

• Unrestricted _______________ attacks, costs US lives.

• _______________ note

• On 7th May 1915 the _________________ is hit by U-20

• 8 minutes later 1201 people sink with her

The Zimmerman Note

"On the first of February we intend to begin submarine warfare ____________. In spite of this, it is our intention to endeavor to keep neutral the United States of America.

If this attempt is not successful, we propose an _________ on the following basis with Mexico: That we shall make war together and together make peace. We shall give general financial support, and it is understood that Mexico is to ______________ the lost territory in New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona. The details are left to you for settlement.

You are instructed to inform the President of Mexico of the above in the greatest confidence as soon as it is certain that there will be an outbreak of war with the United States and suggest that the President of Mexico, on his own initiative, should communicate with Japan suggesting adherence at once to this plan; at the same time, offer to mediate between Germany and Japan.

Please call to the attention of the President of Mexico that the employment of ruthless ___________ warfare now promises to compel England to make peace in a few months.

Zimmerman" (Sent January 19, 1917)

April 1917 The United States Declares War

• “To make the world safe for _______________”

• “The war to end all __________”

• Early in __________

• 2,000,000 US troops shore up British and French lines.

• In 1917 Wilson proclaimed American _______________ into World War I, “a crusade to make the world safe for democracy."

Summary

Write a minimum of four sentences that summarize your notes to this point.

“Over There”

War Ends 1918

• March Germany _______________

• July Allies counter attack driving ___________ back across Belgium

• September German generals tell the Kaiser that the war cannot be ________.

• October German people revolt and form a new _______________.

• October The people of Austria-Hungary _____________, collapsing the empire.

• Armistice signed 11/11/18

*Paris Peace Conference

• U.S. Wanted self determination, ____________________ of Nations

• Britain, the people wanted ______________ treatment for Germany

• French, wanted to weaken Germany so that it could not ________________ France again.

• Italy upset

*The Treaty of Versailles

June 1919

Reduce army to _________________

Reduce navy to 6 warships and no subs.

Destroy all of its ________ force.

Give ___________ to Belgium, France, Denmark and Poland

Hand over all its colonies.

Pay ________________________ amounting to 6,600,000,000 Pounds.

Put no soldiers within 30 miles of the ____________ bank of the Rhine River.

Accept all the ____________ for the war.

Other countries were formed

Serbia and Bosnia became ___________________.

Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, ______________ and Finland were formed from land lost by Russia.

Czechoslovakia and Hungary were formed out of the _____________-Hungarian Empire.

*Effects of WWI

Governmental ___________________

Socialistic ideas spread

Revolution was in the air

A harsh Peace

Humiliating treaty created feeling of __________________

________________ Change

Devastated Europe financially and physically

________________ knew no bounds

Boosted U.S. (The Roaring 20’s)

Psychologically

Distrust of ____________________ leaders

The war killed 10 to ____ million people, 1/3 civilians

Grim acceptance of reality replaced the optimistic dreams of the past

Summary

Write a minimum of four sentences that summarize your notes to this point.

Two Revolutions in Russia

1st revolution overthrew the Czar, on February 23 to 27, 1917

Brought on by _________ shortages, battlefield losses and social problems

2nd revolution called the Bolshevik, or October, Revolution.

______________ Socialist group headed by V.I. Lenin

True believer in Marx

Set up a _______________ of the proletariat

After the Bolshevik Revolution

Civil war raged in Russia for three years

Between the Communist ________ Army and the Whites, loyal to the czar

*_________________ unleashed a reign of terror

The Czar and family were shot

Secret _________ formed (Cheka)

War Communism = took over everything

Red Army became an effective _________

From Lenin to Stalin

Joseph Stalin set out to make the ______________ Union into a modern industrial state, bringing all economic and agricultural activity under __________________ control.

In 1934 Stalin launched a reign of terror (Great ________________), at least 4 million people were purged and almost 800,000 were executed.

Life in a Totalitarian State

*Stalin established a _________________ state

Used ______________ police

Propaganda

____________________

Terror

*Powerful new _______________

Communist party members

Industrial managers

_______________ leaders

_________________

Some artists and writers

Summary

Write a minimum of four sentences that summarize your notes to this point.

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download