World History Standards Based Final Exam



World History Standards Based Final Exam

1. President Woodrow Wilson’s _____________ were/was meant to provide a just and lasting peace at the conclusion of WWI.

2. A major goal of France and Britain at the post-WWI Versailles peace conference was to ___________________.

1. Describe the most important provisions of the Treaty of Versailles.

2. The United States chose not to join the League of Nations because

3. The “War Guilt Clause” in the Treaty of Versailles forced ______ to accept blame for causing WWI.

4. The creation of what country after WWI created tension and set up future conflict because it set up several states and peoples with very strong nationalistic desires.

5. One result of WWI was that the country of __ was broken up into several smaller countries.

6. Which countries did not lose territory as a result of WWI?

7. An overall political effect of the Great Depression in Europe was the rise of what type of governments?

8. The rise of dictatorial governments in Italy and Germany between the two world wars was a result of what?

9. _______________, an artistic style, is an attempt to show subjects from multiple points of view using geometric shapes and angles (e.g., Pablo Picasso’s Guernica).

10. WWI broke out because of what “isms”?

11. This American author showcased disillusionment with war and the material values that lead to it in two of his well-known novels, A Farewell to Arms and The Sun Also Rises.

12. The Emperor of Germany during WWI was ________.

13. The “Lost Generation” refers to ___________.

14. President Wilson’s Fourteen Points were largely treated how by victorious European powers?

15. The hammer and ___________ represent the workers and peasants on the Soviet Union’s (USSR’s) flag.

16. The _______ used terror tactics against the enemies of the Bolsheviks to help Lenin keep control of Russia.

17. The Gulag, a system of forced labor camps used by the Soviet government, was located in __________, a region of north-central Russia with a very cold climate.

18. Upon seizing power, Lenin let it be known to the world that he wished for ___________ for the world.

19. One of the main immediate causes of the Russian Revolution was what happened to Russia in ____________.

20. Joseph Stalin persecuted those he perceived as enemies and is responsible for the deaths of millions of Russians who perished during the ______________.

21. What was an effect of Stalin’s five-year plans?

22. The Stalinist era of the 1930s was characterized by ___________.

23. Italian Fascists and German Nazis both gained power by using ____________ against their political opponents.

24. The governments in Hitler’s Germany, Mussolini’s Italy, and Stalin’s Soviet Union were all single party dictatorships. Of the three, only the Soviet Union was _______________.

25. A totalitarian regime is characterized by all of the following traits ________________.

26. In which of the following ways did Hitler unite Germany?

27. The totalitarian governments of Italy, Germany, and Japan were all based on ______________.

28. One reason that Hitler signed a non-aggression pact with Stalin before WWII started in Europe was to ___________.

29. In 1941, Hitler broke his treaty with the Soviet Union and invaded Russia. What effect did this have on the war?

30. Fascist aggression in the 1930s included Mussolini’s invasion of ___________, Hitler’s invasion of ________, and Franco’s overthrow of the republican government of __________.

31. What helped fascist leaders to gain power in some European countries?

32. In response to the League of Nations’ investigation into Japan’s invasion and occupation of Manchuria, ____________.

33. Why were the Japanese able to gain influence over China in the early 1900s?

34. What could be a valid reason that countries like Britain and France didn’t stand up to Hitler in the years leading up to WWII?

35. In response to Axis aggression in the 1930s, western democracies followed a policy of ______________.

36. In 1938 the British and French bought peace with Hitler at the Munich Conference at the expense of _____________.

37. The 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact did what?

38. The June 1944 D-Day invasion during WWII was carried out to do what?

39. The war in Europe ended with the surrender of ___________.

40. Which city was the target of a Nazi air blitz in 1941?

41. World War II was fought on all continents EXCEPT

42. The Maginot Line was a series of bunkers along the French-German border built to prevent a German invasion. Why didn’t it protect the French from the Nazis?

43. Why was it important for the Axis powers to control Norway and Denmark?

44. In 1940, after Neville Chamberlain’s policy of appeasement toward Hitler had clearly failed, this man became Prime Minister of Great Britain.

45. He was the political leader of Japan during WWII. Japanese citizens viewed him as a “living god.”

46. He was the leader of fascist Italy from 1922-1945. His repressive totalitarian policies were an example for other totalitarian dictators of the era.

47. He gained control of the USSR in 1927 and led the Soviets through WWII.

48. ________, an American general, was the Supreme Commander of Allied troops in Western Europe during much of WWII and oversaw the D-Day invasion.

49. America’s best known general in the Pacific Theater during WWII is known for his “I shall return” statement following the Japanese takeover of the Philippines.

50. “Nature is cruel, so we may be cruel too…I have a right to remove millions of an inferior race that breeds like vermin.” This quote expresses the ideas of ___________.

51. ____________(destroying synagogues) was an early sign that Hitler was willing to act upon his hatred of the Jews.

52. Hitler’s “Final Solution” targeted all of the following:____________.

53. Japan and Britain had very large numbers of civilian casualties during WWII because what happened to their cities?

54. The nation that suffered the greatest number of both civilian and military dead and wounded in WWII was _________________.

55. One reason that the United States suffered so few civilian casualties during WWII was that _____________.

56. Following the United States’ entry into WWII, American and British leaders decided that their highest priority would be to __________.

57. Most of Eastern Europe became _________ of the USSR (Russia) because the Soviet army occupied these countries when WWII ended.

58. Stalin’s post-WWII behavior (e.g., occupation of Eastern Europe) and his continuing moves (e.g., the Berlin Blockade) were viewed by the West (NATO) as ____________.

59. The main goal of the ___________ was to use economic aid to help European countries resist the lure of communism.

60. The _________ Theory was the US belief that if one Southeast Asian fell to communism, the rest of Southeast Asia would follow.

61. ____________Doctrine resulted in a long-term commitment to resist the spread of communism.

62. The United States entered the Vietnam War to _________________.

63. The 1989 _________ uprising in China is a tragic example of Chinese citizens demonstrating for democratic reforms.

64. __________ used military force to crush uprisings in Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia during the 1950s.

65. __________ was created after WWII to unify the military defense of the United States and Western Europe.

66. The _______ was created by the USSR to unify the defense of its satellite countries.

67. In India and Pakistan, feelings of nationalism are intertwined with religious conflict between what religious groups?

68. Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran wished to do what to Iran?

69. Ataturk encouraged what forces in Turkey?

70. Stages of the Korean War included, IN ORDER ________________.

71. Who looked stronger, politically, after the Cuban Missile Crisis was resolved?

72. What country (ies) colonized Vietnam before the United States entered the country?

73. The Gulf of Tonkin incident in Vietnam ____________________.

74. The Launch of the Sputnik __________________.

75. The Berlin airlift _______________.

76. Einstein was famous for his ____________.

77. The Balfour Declaration _____________.

78. Zionism is _______________.

79. What weapon did Gandhi use to fight for independence against the British?

80. Soviet dissidents had to endure _________________.

81. The 1930s famine in the Soviet Union was due to ____________.

82. The United States accepted the “I was acting under orders” defense at the Nuremberg trials. This statement is ___________.

83. Perestroika and glasnost were the ideas of what Soviet leader?

84. Perestroika and glasnost led to _____________.

85. Which is (are) an argument used by the Palestinians in their struggle with the Israelis?

86. Which is (are) an argument used by the Israelis in their struggle with the Palestinians?

87. The United States’ involvement in Korea and Vietnam to prevent communism from taking over the world is an example of:

.

88. The support given by the United States to countries that were fighting to stop the spread of communism in North Korea and North Vietnam was part of which policy:

89. The communist leader who, upon seizing control in Vietnam in the early 1960’s, behaved as an “evil dictator” and shipped his opposition off to reeducation camps was:

90. The person who wished to use nuclear weapons to win the Korean War was:

91. A result of the Korean War could be summarized as:

92. Why were the Communists in Vietnam so successful at fighting against a better-equipped, more advanced U.S. military?

93. Nixon’s plan to slowly hand over the task of fighting the communists to the South Vietnamese was called:

94. Major effect(s) of the Tet offensive were:

95. This post-WWII organization seeks to mediate and reduce international conflicts.

96. The Yalta Conference served to:

97. The United States enacted the Marshall Plan to:

98. A cause of the Berlin Airlift was that:

99. A result of the massive build-up of nuclear missiles in the U.S. and the Soviet Union was:

100. Cold War events that served to increase tension between the U.S. and the Soviet Union were:

101. As a reaction to the formation of NATO, the Soviet Union:

102. The Berlin wall was built to do what?

103. As a result of the Chinese Civil war:

104. Way(s) in which Mao chose to move towards communism in China was to do what?

105. Mao felt that his communist revolution was growing stale so he:

106. Strategies used to fight the Cold War consisted of:

107. Third World Nations were:

108. The U.S. policy of keeping nuclear missile bases close to targets in the Soviet Union, but not wanting Soviet nuclear missile bases close to targets in the U.S. led to:

109. In order to remove Castro the U.S. did what?

110. In order to maintain the balance of power in the middle east during the Cold War the U.S. supplied what countries?

111. A major turning point which led to the fall of the Soviet Union was the:

112. The United States began to practice the policy of détente by:

113. The United States has given support to the following governments or leaders which then turned into its enemies:

114. A result of the Korean war could be summarized as:

115. President Ronald Reagan’s promotion of this defense program was a key blow to the Soviet Union’s confidence

116. What country was blamed for WWI?

117. __________________ was one of the most important leaders of the ANC (African National Congress) and later became the President of South Africa after being jailed for 27 years.

118. This economic program removed trade barriers between the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

119. In the 1940s and 1950s, this former army officer (and his wife) turned Argentina into a welfare state.

120. In 1973 the United States government supported a coup that overthrew the democratically-elected socialist government of which country?

121. What have been the causes of conflict in the Middle East?

122. Which Middle East leader was an ally of the United States during most of the 1980s?

123. The invasion of which small country led to the first Gulf War?

124. What event in 1937 halted the Chinese Civil War?

125. Who led the Communists in China during their Long March?

126. In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded

127. The dividing of India into two nations was referred to as _____.

128. The extremist Islamic group that seized control of Afghanistan during the 1990s was known as the

129. How did WWI cause WWII?

130. What aspects of the Treaty of Versailles did the Germans dislike the most?

131. This WWI weapon was so horrible it was banned in an international convention as a legitimate means of waging war.

132. How did Russia becoming communist affect WWI?

133. The spark that started WWI was

134. Which WWI battle(s) showed the futility of the war?

135. A long-lasting effect of WWI was

136. “The Americans won WWI.” This statement is partly true because

137. “The Americans won WWI.” This statement is partly false because

138. The American home front during WWI can be characterized as

END OF TEST

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