Chapter 22-Enlightenment and Revolution-Guided Notes



Chapter 29-The Great War-Guided Notes

Section 2-Europe Plunges into War

The Great War Begins (pg. 845)

• Which two nations did Russia begin to mobilize against after Austria’s declaration of war?

• When did Germany declare war on Russia?

• When did Germany declare war on France?

• Following Germany’s declaration of war on France and Russia which major power declared war on Germany officially beginning WWI?

• Which countries originally came together to form the Central Powers?

o Why did Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire later join the ranks of the Central Powers?

• Which countries originally came together to form the Allied Powers?

o Which two countries later joined in addition to the United States?

A Bloody Stalemate (pg. 846-848)

• Describe the Western Front using the vocabulary match up activity we conducted in class:

• Describe the Schlieffen Plan using the vocabulary match up activity we conducted in class:

o A quick defeat of France was vital to this plan

Failures of the Schlieffen Plan

• Where did Allied forces attack the German forces on September 5th, 1914?

o How did the Allies get reinforcements to the front?

• Why did the German retreat and subsequent defeat at the 1st Battle of the Marne leave the Schlieffen Plan in ruins?

A Bloody Stalemate (pg. 846-848) continued…

• Describe Trench Warfare using the vocabulary match up activity we conducted in class:

o What was the space located between the two enemy trenches called?

o How long were the trenches along the Western Front that spanned from the North Sea to the Swiss border?

• What were some of the new military technologies 1st used during WWI?

Battle on the Eastern Front (pg. 848-849)

• Describe the Eastern Front using the vocabulary match up activity we conducted in class:

o Which two powers fought against the Russians and the Serbs for control of the Eastern Front?

Russia Struggles

• Why was the Russian army beginning to cripple by 1916?

o In addition to guns and food what other supplies were Russian soldiers running short on?

• Which two powers controlled many of the ports limiting these supplies from reaching the Russians?

• Despite this challenge what was Russia’s one major advantage?

Chapter 29-The Great War-Guided Notes

Section 2-Europe Plunges into War

The Great War Begins (pg. 845)

• Following Austria’s declaration of war Russia began to mobilize against both Austria and Germany

– Germany declared war on Russia on Aug. 1st 1914 and on France two days later

• This caused Great Britain to declare war on Germany

– WWI had officially begun

|Nations Take Sides |

|The Central Powers-Germany, Austria-Hungary |The Allied Powers-Great Britain, France and Russia |

|Later Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire would join in an attempt to regain lost |Italy and Japan later joined as well |

|territories | |

| | |

A Bloody Stalemate (pg. 846-848)

| |The Conflict Grinds Along |

|Western Front- The deadlocked region of Northern France fought over in WWI |Schlieffen Plan- The Germany plan in which they would defeat France 1st then turn east |

| |to fight Russia |

| |A quick defeat of France was vital to the plan |

|Failures of the Schlieffen Plan |

|Sept. 5th, 1914 Allied forces attacked the Germans northeast of Paris in the valley |Sept.9th, the Germans retreated |

|of the Marne River |The 1st Battle of the Marne left the Schlieffen Plan in ruins b/c a quick victory no |

|600 taxicabs brought Allied re-enforcements to the front |longer existed |

| | |

A Bloody Stalemate (pg. 846-848) continued…

|War in the Trenches |

| Trench Warfare-Soldiers would fight from trenches often for pitifully small pieces |New Military Technologies- |

|of land |Machine guns, poison gas, tanks, armored cars and submarines were widely used for the|

|The space between the trenches was called “no man’s land” |1st time in war |

|The trenches along the Western Front reached nearly 500 miles from the North Sea to | |

|the Swiss border | |

Battle on the Eastern Front (pg. 848-849)

|Early fighting and Russia’s Struggles |

| The Eastern Front-The battlefield along the German and |Russia Struggles- |

|Russian border |By 1916 Russia’s lack of industrialization was crippling their army |

|Russians and Serbs battled Germans and Austro-Hungarians for |They were short on supplies of guns, food, ammunition, boots and blankets |

|control of the Eastern front |German and Ottoman forces controlled many of the ports limiting supplies as well |

| |Russia’s one advantage was their population they could quickly replace soldiers who had been lost in war |

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