Monotheistic Religions of the Middle East

Monotheistic Religions of the Middle East

Author: Carrie Curtis, Bev Feldkamp

Lesson Overview: Review basic characteristics of the monotheistic religions of the Middle East and analyze the growth of these religions across time.

Essential Questions: ? What are the characteristics that are common among Judaism, Christianity and Islam? ? What are the observable patterns of diffusion of these religions? ? Why are these monotheistic religions predominant in certain regions today?

Objectives: Students will be able to: ? Identify the similarities among Judaism, Christianity and Islam. ? Describe the patterns of the diffusion of these religions. ? Explain the reasons for the locations of these religions today. ? Identify different types of diffusion using religion as an example. ? Interpret historical maps and look for patterns.

Subject/Grade Level: World History and Geography, World Cultures, Global Studies, grades 7-12

Duration: approximately 2+ class periods

Student Materials: Maps, Map Activity worksheet, Chart and cards, assessment materials

Teacher Materials: Background readings, Answer Keys, Additional Information and Maps

Michigan Grade Level Content Expectations ? 7-W3.2.1: Identify and describe the beliefs of the five major world religions. ? 7-W3.2.2: Locate the geographical center of major religions and map the spread through the 3rd century AD. ? 7-G4.1.1: Identify and explain examples of culture diffusion within the Eastern Hemisphere ? WHG-F3: Growth and Development of World Religions ? WHG-4.1.2: World Religions Using historical/modern maps & other documents, analyze the spread of major world religions during this era & describe encounters between religious groups

National Geography Standards ? Standard 1: How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information ? Standard 10: The characteristics, distribution, and complexity of Earth's cultural mosaics

National World History Standards: Era 3 ? Standard 1B: The student understands the

emergence of Judaism and the historical

significance of the Hebrew kingdoms.

? Standard 3B: The student understands the

emergence of Christianity in the context of

the Roman Empire.

? Standard 3D: The student understands

religious and cultural developments in India

in the era of the Gangetic states and the

Mauryan Empire.

? Standard 5A: The student understands major global trends from 1000 BCE to 300 CE

ELA Common Core State Standards Text Types and Purposes

? 2. Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of relevant content.

Michigan Geographic Alliance

Monotheistic Religions

2013

Definitions:

? Monotheistic--worship of one god (these three are sometimes call Abrahamic

religions because of their connection to Abraham)

? BCE--before common era (many use BC)

? CE--common era (replaces AD in some texts)

? diffusion--spread particularly of ideas

? Methods of diffusion:

o

Hierarchical (mandated by the powers that be) example conquest

o

Contagious by coming into contact with others example trade

o

Relocation (innovation) through migration

o

Hearth areas--where the idea first began

Procedures: 1. Introduction: Card sort activity. Give each group of students a set of cards with tthe characteristics of religions and a chart. Students will try to organize the information into the correct columns and rows. (Teacher can take the 8x11 sheet in this packet and make a larger poster for this activity) The teacher gives little direction, only encouraging students to look at characteristics and patterns of organizing and drawing on prior knowledge. The teacher goes around the room telling students which cards are in the wrong place and at times giving clues. After most groups have finished the chart correctly, each student fills in an individual chart with completed information

2. Comparing Religions. Ask students to share the similarities noted among the religions (heroes, monotheistic, holy cities, origins, beliefs) emphasizing how similar they are in many ways.

3. Vocabulary Development: Introduce the concept of diffusion (see background notes) of religions with students through discussion and notes. Discuss other vocabulary as necessary. View video to show the spread of religions. Remind students that all 3 religions started in the Middle East. Background information about the spread of each religion can be found as readings in the teacher materials. Discuss (or have students read) the background information about the spread of each religion.

4. Map Activity: Hand out maps (6) and Map Activity worksheet for students to work in groups with maps. Have students first circle Mecca (Makkah) and Jerusalem on each map and then allow time to work on questions in groups. Use of highlighters may be helpful.

5. Have groups share answers and lead discussion on the patterns discovered. (Questions can either be collected or put in student notebook).

6. Prediction: On back of Map Activity worksheet, have students guess which country today has the most Jews, which country the most Christians, which country the most Muslims and be ready to defend that answer. Have a few students share answers.

7. Assessment assignment: Hand out Assessment Activity worksheet and explain procedures.

8. Conclusion: Close with a reviewing of the video cited in step 3.

Michigan Geographic Alliance

Monotheistic Religions

2013

Extensions/Enhancements/Adaptations:

? Expand the chart to include Buddhism and Hinduism. ? Have students explain the differences between the monotheistic religions of the Middle East and

eastern religions. ? Have students graph the data on world religion populations. ? Have students map the locations of the followers of the 3 monotheistic (or 5 major world)

religions. ? Research why Hinduism and Buddhism have not seen the diffusion that Christianity, Islam and

Judaism have experienced. ? Use a jigsaw activity to have groups of students become experts on one map or religion and then

share. ? Combine the map reading with a timeline activity. ? Use a Venn Diagram to compare religions. ? Use similar ideas to discuss diffusion of other cultural aspects: language, art, music. ? Use GeoHistoGram to plot the growth and diffusion from the Maps of War video. ? 6th Grade West Hemisphere: Note number of current followers of each religion and have students

explain why (relate to colonialism). Also why are there no Western Hemishphere countries in the top 10 for Islam? ? Study the historical conflicts among these religions: i.e. Crusades, Inquisition. ? Present lesson on the conflict in the Middle East among the three monotheistic religions in a necessary follow-up lesson.

Credits/References: Maps:

? Spread of Islam 7-16-07 ? Islam Expands 7-16-07 ? Medieval Jewish Migration .../resources/maps/map37.jpg 7-17-07 ? Jewish emigration

7-17-07 ? Spread of Christianity 07-16-07 ? Christians Today 07-17-07 Video: Statistics: 07-18-07 Background:: ? apwh/essays/comp/cw11christislamexpand.htm 8-15-07 ? american.edu/TED/spice.htm 8-15-07 ? 8-15-07 ? turkel.geo/History.htm ADDITIONAL RESOURCES: ? Nystrom Atlas of World History 2007 has several useful reference maps on this topic (Judaism & Christianity 38-39; Spread of Islam 44-45, 82-83). Three Faiths, One God: Judaism, Christianity, Islam PBS documentary

Michigan Geographic Alliance

Monotheistic Religions

2013

Cards for chart activity (copy and cut apart)

ABRAHAM

JESUS CHRIST

MUHAMMAD

1800 BC

1 AD

622 AD

MIDDLE EAST

MIDDLE EAST

MIDDLE EAST

JERUSALEM

JERUSALEM

JERUSALEM MAKKAH

WAITING FOR MESSIAH

JESUS--MESSIAH ONE GOD--ALLAH

MOSES, ABRAHAM, DAVID

MOSES, ABRAHAM, DISCIPLES

MOSES, ABRAHAM,

JESUS,

TORAH

HOLY BIBLE

QURAN

HEBREW

NO SPECIFIC ONE

ARABIC

SYNAGOG

PASSOVER ROSH HASHANAH

YOM KIPPUR

14 MILLION

CHURCH

CHRISTMAS EASTER

2.1 BILLION

MOSQUE RAMADAN 1.3 BILLION

[Michigan Geographic Alliance

Monotheistic Religions

2013

Chart (one for each group and one for each student)

MONOTHEISTIC RELIGIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAST

JUDAISM

CHRISTIANITY

ISLAM

FOUNDER

BEGINNING DATE

PLACE OF ORIGIN

HOLY CITY

BELIEFS

HEROES AND PROPHETS

HOLY BOOK

LANGUAGE

PLACE OF WORSHIP

HOLY DAYS

# OF FOLLOWERS

[Michigan Geographic Alliance

Monotheistic Religions

2013

Map Activity

Student Worksheet

Spread of Christianity, c. 325-600

1. What general directions did Christianity spread?

2. What was a common characteristic about the areas in which it first spread? 3. Why do you think they were affected by the spread of Christianity?

4. What three continents were affected by the spread of Christianity?

5. What geographic feature might have prevented the spread of Christianity to other areas?

Christians Today 1. Which continent has the smallest percentage of Christians? 2. Drawing from what you may know, why are there few Christians in Northern Africa?

Islam Expands 1. What was hearth area of the Islamic Religion? 2. What general direction did Islam spread?

The Spread of Islam 1. What were the three methods by which Islam was diffused? 2. What method had the most impact?

[Michigan Geographic Alliance

Monotheistic Religions

2013

Medieval Jewish Migration 1. To what areas did the Jews migrate during the medieval period before their expulsion? 2. What event caused some of the Jews to return to Islamic areas from which they moved?

Jewish emigration from Germany, 1933-1938 1. Using what you know about this period of history, explain the massive emigration from Germany at this time. 2. To what Middle Eastern country did over 33,000 Jews flee? 3. To which two countries did the most Jews immigrate during this period and how many went to each?

Map Comparisons 1. Compare the map of Islam Expands with the Spread of Christianity. What differences do you notice? What

similarities?

2. Using the spread of Islam and Christians Today maps, what areas on the map have not been as affected by Islam and Christianity.

3. What areas were influenced by both Islam and Christianity?

[Michigan Geographic Alliance

Monotheistic Religions

2013

Assessment Activity

Student Resource

Use the following tables and what you have learned to answer the questions below:

Christian Nations

Jewish Nations

Rank Nation 1 USA 2 Brazil 3 Mexico 4 Russia 5 China

Number 224,457,000 139,000,000 86,120,000 80,000,000 70,000,000

Rank Nation Number

1 USA

5,602,000

2 Israel

4,390,000

3 Russia

1,450,000

4 France

640,000

6 Germany

67,000,000

7 Philippines

63,470,000

8 United Kingdom 51,060,000

9 Italy

47,690,000

10 France

44,150,000

11 Nigeria

38,180,000

5 Canada

350,000

6

United

320,000

Kingdom

7 Argentina 250,000

8 Brazil

150,000

9 Australia

92,000

South 10

Africa

70,000

Country

Number of Muslims

Indonesia 170,310,000

Pakistan 136,000,000

Bangladesh 106,050,000

India

103,000,000

Turkey

62,410,000

Iran

60,790,000

Egypt

53,730,000

Nigeria

47,720,000

China

37,108,000

07-18-07

[Michigan Geographic Alliance

Monotheistic Religions

2013

 ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download