Reading Guide 2



Reading Guide 2.1 - Our English Heritage Name _______________________________

(Pages 32-37)

1. What European cultural movement influenced the political and legal traditions of the English settlers?

2. Under what form of government had England been ruled for centuries?

3. How did the Magna Carta limit the power of the king?

Use the excerpts of the Magna Carta on p.768 to answer questions 4-7

4. When was the Magna Carta signed?

5. What type of government did it begin to form in England?

6. How have the liberties in Article 1 of the Magna Carta influenced the freedom US citizens are guaranteed today?

7. Read Article 39. To what is “lawful judgment of his equals” referring?

8. What was the Glorious Revolution?

9. What did the Glorious Revolution demonstrate about lawmaking powers in England?

10. What three things did the English Bill of Rights do to restrict the monarch’s power?

11. What is a precedent?

12. On what is the system of common law based?

13. With what guarantees did John Locke argue all people were born?

14. In a social contract, people agree to give up ________________________

in exchange for protection of ____________________________

15. Locke believed that if government tried to take away people’s ________________________, it was breaking this __________________

16. Rousseau argued that ______________ alone had the right to determine how they should be ______________________.

17. What idea was developed by Montesquieu and for what reason?

18. What is a colony?

19. What was the first permanent English settlement and when was it established?

20. What did the charter from King James I give to the English settlement?

21. What was the first representative assembly created here called?

22. What is another term for a representative assembly?

23. What group of settlers colonized Plymouth Massachusetts in 1620?

24. What written plan of government did they write?

25. This document is an example of a social compact or contract. Which political philosopher most influenced this type of self government?

26. What type of tradition in New England was established by the Mayflower Compact?

27. What was the first written colonial constitution?

28. By 1733 describe the two-part government in each of the colonies.

Reading Guide 2.4 Birth of a Democratic Nation Name ____________________________ (Pages 50-57)

1. What was the policy of loose control by Britain called?

2. Under George III England adopted a program called mercantilism. What is mercantilism?

3. What is a favorable balance of trade?

4. How would mercantilism be successful for England?

5. Who benefited the most from mercantilism: the colonist or Great Britain?

6. Why was the Albany Plan, proposed by Ben Franklin, significant?

7. What was the result of the French and Indian War?

8. Why did the British pass the Proclamation of 1763?

9. Why did the British enact taxes such as the Stamp Act?

10. How did the colonists protest the Stamp Act?

11. What ultimately happened to the Stamp Act?

12. Passed on the same day of this action, what did the Declaratory Act state?

13. What were writs of assistance, legalized by the Townshend Acts?

14. What violent incident occurred March 5, 1770 and was marketed as another case of British abuse of power?

15. Cause and Effect: the British enacted the __________________ in 1773 to which the colonists responded with the ___________________________ and the destruction of tea to which the British reacted with the __________________________or ______________________________ restricting civil rights of colonist and closing the port of Boston.

16. What plans did the 1st Continental Congress make?

17. Where were the 1st battles of the Revolutionary War fought?

18. Who wrote Common Sense?

19. What was the purpose of this pamphlet?

20. During the 2nd Continental Congress, who drafted the Declaration of Independence?

21. What does the Declaration of Independence say is the purpose of government?

22. From whom is government given its power?

23. What may people do if government disregards their rights?

24. Whose political philosophy did Thomas Jefferson follow while drafting the Declaration of Independence?

25. What is the name of this political theory?

26. When was the Declaration of Independence signed, creating independent states?

27. When would the United States really be free and independent?

Use the visual on p. 57 to answer questions 28-29

28. Where was the final battle of the Revolutionary War?

29. How many years passed between the founding of the first permanent English settlement and the official independence of the United States?

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