222.165.180.150

[Pages:171]Information and Communication Technology

G.C.E. (A/L) ? Grade 13

Resource Book for Teachers

Department of Information Technology National Institute of Education Maharagama Sri Lanka nie.lk

Information and Communication Technology Grade 13 ?Resource Book for Teachers' ?National Institute of Education First Print

Department of Information Technology Faculty of Science and Technology National Institute of Education Maharagama nie.lk Printed by: Printing Department

National Institute of Education

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Message from the Director General

The National Institute of Education takes opportune steps from time to time for the development of quality in education. Preparation of supplementary books for respective subjects is one such initiative. `The additional reading book has been composed by the National Institute of Education to implement grade 13 syllabus and Teachers' Guide successfully in the classroom. It is our behalf that provision of essential staff relating to respective syllabus by this additional book will facilitate learning the relevant subject stream. I wish to express my gratitude to NIE staff and external experts who made their academic contribution to make this material available to you. Dr. Sunil Jayantha Nawaratne Director General National Institute of Education Maharagama.

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Message from the Deputy Director General Education from the past has been constantly changing and forging forward. In recent years, these changes have become quite rapid. The Past two decades have witnessed a high surge in teaching methodologies as well as in the use of technological tools and in the field of knowledge creation. Accordingly, the National Institute of Education is in the process of taking appropriate and timely steps with regard to the education reforms of 2015. It is with immense pleasure that this Resource Book where the new curriculum has been planned based on a thorough study of the changes that have taken place in the global context adopted in terms of local needs based on a student-centered learning-teaching approach, is presented to you teachers who serve as the pilots of the schools system. An instructional manual of this nature is provided to you with the confidence that, you will be able to make a greater contribution using this. I trust that through the careful study of this Resource Book provided to you, you will act with commitment in the generation of a greatly creative set of students capable of helping Sri Lanka move socially as well as economically forward. This Resource Book is the outcome of the expertise and unflagging commitment of a team of subject teachers and academics in the field Education. While expressing my sincere appreciation for this task performed for the development of the education system, my heartfelt thanks go to all of you who contributed your knowledge and skills in making this document such a landmark in the field.

K. R. Pathmasiri Deputy Director General Faculty of Science and Technology

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Message of the Director

The subject of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is fast changing; revising subject and it is applying in all subject areas. The subject of Information and Communication Technology is applying for all subject areas such as engineering science, medicine science, economics, accounting, mathematics, chemistry, physics, music, dancing and art. New applications, new technological methods have added for each subject area. Therefore, everyone should have earned certain level of literacy of Information and Communication Technology. In such situation, there are lots of job opportunities for people who have broad knowledge of Information and Communication Technology. There is a lack to have such amount of ICT personals. It is expected that students focus to learn this subject also helpful to increase the number of such experts.

Several subject areas were added to the syllabus when the syllabus revised recently.Specially, inserting of new application of Information and Communication Technology, IOT ? Internet of Things is a remarkable revision. Operations of information was exists in the Internet and now operations of things are handle though Internet. Such IOT area was included with practical activities to the syllabus and this resource book. It was great risk because all teachers had to train with practical activities. That teacher training was successfully completed by the Department of IT and practical activities for that unit have included in this book with explanations. Most of theoretical concepts have explained clearly in this book. Practical activities with explanations were added to this resource book, instead of adding over loaded theoretical contents. Completion of these activities in this book will helpful to learn the theoretical contents easily. Recently, new ICT syllabi were added from grade 6 to 9 students. Therefore, some revisions have to be involved for ICT syllabi from grade 10 to 13. It is expected to add more attractive practical activities, when it start the new syllabus revision since 2020 My gratitude thanks was given who have successfully involved completing this resource book. There were teams of resource persons, language editors and staff of the Department of IT. I thank all of them for their devotion to success the preparing this resource book.

D. Anura Jayalal Director Department of Information Technology National Institute of Education

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Curriculum Committee Guidance and Approval Subject Coordinator Mr.S.Shanmugalingam Resource Contributions Mr. D.Anura Jayalal

Mr.S.Shanmugalingam

Dr. Keerthi Wijayasiriwardhane

Dr. Chathura Rajapakshe

Dr.K.Thabotharan

Dr. P.M.T.P. Sandirigama

Mr.S.Sarveswaran

Mr.S.Jayakanth

Ms. A.P.N.De Silva

Ms.P.H.Sirani

Academic Affairs Board National Institute of Education

Senior Lecturer Department of IT National Institute of Education

Director Department of IT National Institute of Education

Senior Lecturer Department of IT National Institute of Education

Senior Lecturer Faculy of Science University of Kelaniya

Senior Lecturer Faculy of Science University of Kelaniya

Senior Lecturer Faculty of Science University of Jaffna

Senior Lecturer Faculty of Engineering University of Peradeniya

Principal J/Vaddu Hindu College, Jaffna

Computer Instructor Zonal Computer Resource Centre HZ/Ginigathena Central College, Ginigathena

Teacher MR/Godapitiya Maha Vidyalaya Akuressa

Teacher MR/Athuraliya Maha Vidyalaya Akuressa

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Content Message from the Director General Message from the Deputy Director General Message of the Director Curriculum Committee Contents Embedded Systems Python Programming Website Development E-Commerce Trends and Future Directions of ICT References Glossary

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iii iv v vi 1 31 79 126 141 150 153

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EMBEDDED SYSTEM AND INTERNET OF THINGS

Competency 11:

Explores IoT and

Identify the building blocks of embedded systems to develop simple applications.

Competency Level 11.1: Acquires the knowledge of basic building blocks of embedded systems Learning Outcomes: Identifies and lists microcontroller based development boards Describes available features on a microcontroller based development board Identifies necessary software and download them from the Internet to develop a

microcontroller based embedded system Develops simple applications using a microcontroller based development board

- Switch a LED on/off on ambient light intensity - Run a fan on room temperature - Detect door opening /closing using a read switch

EMBEDDED SYSTEM Embedded system is a computer system embedded into some other system such as a refrigerator, washing machine, car, etc. It also follows Input, Process and Output (IPO) model. Sensors capture the state of the physical world like heat, speed and light as inputs. Processor processes them according to a program and produces outputs. Outputs drive actuators and change the state like heat, speed and light of the physical world. Embedded systems, therefore, do physical computing. IEEE Definition for EMBEDDED SYSTEM "A computer system that is part of a larger system and performs some of the requirements of that system; for example, a computer system used in an aircraft or rapid transit system." [IEEE, 1992] Figure 1 and 2 show the components of an embedded system.

Figure 1: Embedded system model of physical world

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