JS Geography External Examination Specimen papers, grade 9 ...

[Pages:11]JS Geography External Examination Specimen papers, grade 9 Mark scheme

2018

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PAPER 1

CLIMATOLOGY

1 (a) (i) Sunshine recorder/Campbell strokes

[1]

(ii) Open area, clear of building and tress

Where there is enough sunlight

[1]

(iii) Air pressure/atmospheric pressure

[1]

(iv) It shows rain/fair weather/stormy weather/dry weather

It shows a unit measure in millibars/hpa

[1]

(b) (i) Isotherms

[1]

(ii) The temperature is highest at Equator/Temperature lower at south

or north of the equator/Lower temperature north/south of Tropics

It decrease from the Equator to the North (of Africa)

It decrease from equator to South of Africa

Temperature fairly equal over land and sea in the North

Temperature makes a large dip towards the South

It increases from north or south of the equator

Data: -26 ?C at Equator/ 15 ?C at North / South

[2]

(c) (i) East Wind/Easterly wind

[1]

(ii) a decrease in atmospheric pressure

An increase in air temperature/Hot temperature

About 1?C for every 100m descent increase in air temperature

Very strong wind will be experienced

[2]

(d) (i) Are lines on the map connecting places of equal/same air pressure/ Lines connecting places with same/equal air pressure on the map [1]

(ii) Cold dense air/cold air/cold heavy air

Clear sky/no cloud cover/sunny

No rainfall

Cold nigh/frost

Winds are light

[2]

(iii) Warm air

Air rises

Reaches Dew Point Temperature

Condensation takes place/water droplets form

Clouds form

[2]

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ECOLOGY

2 (a) (i) Refers to when an area/land is turned into a desert/expansion

of a desert

[1]

(ii) Overgrazing

Marginal land/cultivated

[2]

(iii) Increased demand for firewood/increase demand for wood/

Infrastructure/housing/natural resources res. 1

Deforestation

Fewer trees and plants

Increased evaporation from the soil

Increased demand for food on marginal land with overgrazing

Fewer trees and plants

Increased evaporation from the soil

Quality of soil decreased

[3]

(iv) Sustainable farming methods encouraged.i.e. mixed cropping/ Crop rotation/organic farming/rotational grazing Trees should be planted faster than they are cut down/reforestation/ Afforestation/plant more trees Alternative energy sources, such as solar energy/HEP Encourage alternative building materials Education + supportive explanation Recycle + reuse + supportive explanation

(b) (i) Air pollution

(ii) Industries Motorcars/vehicles/traffic Power stations

(iii) Causes acid rain Contaminate water sources Disturb the ecosystem (ecological balance) poisoning fish Contaminate/damage lake water/fish Affects soil chemistry Acidification of ground water supply Damage trees Contaminate lakes

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GEOMORPHOLOGY

3 (a) (i) A Divergent/ constructive plate boundary

B Shear/ conservative plate boundary/slip/transform/neutral

C Converging/destructive plate boundary

[3]

(ii) Subduction zone=Destructive boundary (C) converging

Fault= Conservative boundary (B)

Ridge= Constructive boundary (A)/ Diverging

[3]

(b) (i) Focus

[1]

(ii) Seismograph

[1]

(c) - Kills people

- Causes injures/ breathing problem + explanation

- Damage buildings and property of people/ people left homeless/

- Without basic amenities

- Highway and bridges collapse/transport routes damage communication

- Essential services disrupted

- People lose their income

- People lose their jobs

- Decaying bodies causes diseases

[3]

(d) (i) Weathering - Processes whereby rocks on the surface of the earth

are broken down into situ/without movement

[1]

Erosion

- Processes whereby weathered rock is broken down

And moved from place of origin to another area/

With Movement

[1]

(ii) Running water/flowing/wind/moving ice/removal of glacier

[1]

(iii) Water, sunshine, salt, minerals, heat/temperature

[1]

[15]

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POPULATION GEOGRAPHY

4 (a) (i) The number of people per square kilometer (km?).

Number of people per given area

Number of population per square kilometer

[1]

(ii) A Amazon rainforest

High humidity

Too hot

Too much rain

Too many tropical diseases

[2]

(iii) B Himalayas/ Himalayas mountains Too mountains/too cold Too dry Thin/rocky soils Difficult to develop because of slopes Too cold

Or

Gobi desert

Extreme temperature

Infertile soil

Difficult to develop

[2]

(iv) X- East Coast of North America/East of North America

Y- Indian Sub-continent / India/ South Asia

[2]

(v) Developed communication

Many industries/ more jobs

Many services

Economic development/ many businesses

Commercial farming

[1]

(b) Increased birth rate/ higher birth rate

Improved farming methods/availability of food supplies

Better/improved health conditions/standards

Reduced infant mortality rates

Greater life expectancy /decreased death rate/lower death rate

Better machines/ technology

Improved communication links

Improved trade links

Political stability

[4]

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(c) Unemployment increased/poverty

Lower salaries

Land too small/ unproductive land e.g. desert

Natural disasters e.g. drought and floods

Limited facilities entertainment and recreation e.g. sportsfield

Low/ no food security/poor food supply

Lower standard of living

Closing of services / services unproductive to keep open

Limited education opportunities open/ no tertiary education

Few/ limited medical services

[3]

[15]

5 (a) (i) Birth rate- Number of babies born per thousand people in a year [1]

(ii) Religious that forbids birth control

Children needed to work on land/care for elders

Big family determines your social standing/tradition

High birth rate

Polygamy/ traditional

Early marriage

Limited education on family planning/birth control

Limited use of family planning

[2]

(iii) Limited medical health care/services

Many diseases prone areas

Poor food supplies/poor diet

Limited water supply

High infant mortality rate

Poor water quality

War

Natural disasters

Poor sanitation

[2]

(b) (i) Advantages -

Less pressure on Government in providing

services to the youth

[1]

Disadvantage-

Workforce will be mostly affected/shortages

of workers

Fewer young people to support old age

Fewer new ideas or development in technology

advancement

Insufficient housing provision

Decline in economic growth

[1]

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(c) (i) Relatively effective/successful/+ not successful +reasons

Worked well

Worked better in cities/rural areas not always reached

Not all are literate/ limited education

Traditional still play a role

Religion

[2]

(ii) Not really effective

Tradition still plays an important role

More effective in urban areas/less effective in rural areas

Men in urban areas while women stay in rural areas

[1]

[15]

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ECONOMIC AND REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY

6 (a) (i) Longitude line + 12?E and 25?E

[2]

(ii) Escarpment

[1]

(iii) B- Kavango River

C- Fish River

[2]

(iv) Botswana

[1]

(b) (i) A- Height above sea levels/Altitude

B- Latitude

[2]

(ii) The place closer to the sea experiences maritime climate/

Coastal-small range of temperature/moderate temperature

Places far away from the sea experience continental climate/

Inland-big range between summer and winter temperatures

Therefore places far away from the se have bigger annual

range of temperature than places closer to the sea.

[2]

[10]

7 (a) (i) Drought/ below average rainfall

Unreliable rainfall/lower rainfall

Infertile soil

Pests/ diseases/wild animals

Prices fluctuations / market prices

Unproductive land/ small holdings

Limited money available

Farmers not adequately skilled/education on farming

Limited technological development

Flood

[2]

(b) (i) Pelagic Fish/ pilchard/ anchovy/ horse markerel

[1]

(ii) The net lay out from a small boat to encircle a shoal of fish

The bottom of the net is then drawn together and the catch is

hauled into the big Trawler

The hole in the net must be of a prescribed size in order to allow

small fish to escape

Net suspended from the surface

Net is hauled on board

[2]

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