Mind-wandering
Mind-wandering: The scientific navigation of the stream of consciousness Jonathan Smallwood1 & Jonathan W. Schooler21Department of Psychology, The University of York, UK2Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA.Address for correspondence. Jonthan Smalllwood, Department of Psychology, The University of York, Hesslington, York.Email: jonny.smallwood@york.ac.ukIntroductionTerminology, measurement and conceptualTerminologyMeasurementConceptual IssuesLack of direct experimental control]The covert nature of the mind-wandering stateThe influence of measurement on the mind-wandering statePhenomenologyThe content of self-generated-thoughtRelation to awarenessThe component process viewHow higher order cognition becomes disengaged from external processingPerceptual coupling and decouplingHow people self-generate task unrelated mental contentEpisodic ThoughtEmotionHow decoupling and self-generation are co-ordinated and/ or regulatedExecutive controlMeta-cognition Open questions facing the component process viewCost and benefits of the mind-wandering stateMind-wandering and ongoing performanceThe benefits of a wandering mindCreativityMeaningMental BreaksParallels to night dreamingMind-wandering in daily lifeTechniques for minimising the disruptive effects of mind-wanderingMindfulness trainingMeta-awarenessTask engagementConcluding remarksAbstractConscious experience is fluid; it rarely remains on one topic for an extended period without deviation. An illustration of its dynamic nature can be found in the experience of mind-wandering in which attention switches from a current task to unrelated thoughts and feelings. Studies exploring the phenomenology of mind-wandering highlight the importance of its content and relation to meta-cognition in determining its functional outcomes. Examination of the information processing demands of the state demonstrates it depends on perceptual decoupling to escape the constraints of the moment, its content depends on affective processes and episodic thought and executive control is important in its regulation. Mind-wandering also has a complex balance of costs and benefits: its association with absent-minded error underline that the experience has a cost, while its association with creativity and patient decision-making indicates the state has benefits as well.Keywords: mind-wandering; self-generated-thought; perceptual decoupling; meta awareness; mental time travel; default mode network.1. IntroductionExperience is not always tethered to the here and now; instead it ebbs and flows between mental contents from both intrinsic and extrinsic sources. Although there is a long tradition of research on how attention shifts between external sources PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5EZXNpbW9uZTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5OTU8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5EZXNpbW9uZTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5OTU8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Desimone & Duncan 1995, Posner & Petersen 1990, Treisman & Gelade 1980), science has only recently taken aim at understanding how the mind shifts between external events and internal thoughts and feelings unrelated to the goings on around it. Following the seminal work of Jerome Singer, Eric Klinger and John Antrobus on daydreaming in the late 60’s and early 70’s PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbnRyb2J1czwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5Njc8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbnRyb2J1czwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5Njc8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Antrobus et al 1967, Antrobus & Singer 1964, Antrobus et al 1970, Klinger 1966, Klinger 1973) a handful of researchers explored the psychological processes underpinning the mind’s capacity to stray from external events and to generate thoughts with no referent in the environment PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5UZWFzZGFsZTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5OTU8L1llYXI+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 EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5UZWFzZGFsZTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5OTU8L1llYXI+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 EN.CITE.DATA (Giambra 1989, Giambra 1993, Giambra 1995, Teasdale et al 1995). However, only in the last decade has widespread scientific attention been given to the topic of mind-wandering (Smallwood & Schooler, 2006).A confluence of factors have contributed to the suitability of mind-wandering as a focus of research PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TY2hvb2xlcjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTE8L1llYXI+
PFJlY051bT4xMDA8L1JlY051bT48RGlzcGxheVRleHQ+KENhbGxhcmQgZXQgYWwgMjAxMywgRm9y
c3RlciAyMDEzLCBHaWxiZXJ0IGV0IGFsIDIwMDcsIEdydWJlcmdlciBldCBhbCAyMDExLCBLYW5l
ICZhbXA7IE1jVmF5IDIwMTIsIEtpbGxlZW4gMjAxMywgTWFyY2hldHRpIGV0IGFsIDIwMTIsIFNj
aG9vbGVyIGV0IGFsIDIwMTEsIFNtYWxsd29vZCAyMDEzYSwgU21hbGx3b29kICZhbXA7IFNjaG9v
bGVyIDIwMDYpPC9EaXNwbGF5VGV4dD48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjEwMDwvcmVjLW51bWJl
cj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4
NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+MTAwPC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9
IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1
dGhvcj5TY2hvb2xlciwgSi4gVy48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPlNtYWxsd29vZCwgSi48L2F1dGhv
cj48YXV0aG9yPkNocmlzdG9mZiwgSy48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkhhbmR5LCBULiBDLjwvYXV0
aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+UmVpY2hsZSwgRS4gRC48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPlNheWV0dGUsIE0uIEEu
PC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+RGVwYXJ0bWVu
dCBvZiBQc3ljaG9sb2dpY2FsIGFuZCBCcmFpbiBTY2llbmNlcywgVW5pdmVyc2l0eSBvZiBDYWxp
Zm9ybmlhIFNhbnRhIEJhcmJhcmEsIFNhbnRhIEJhcmJhcmEsIENBIDkzMTA1LCBVU0EuIHNjaG9v
bGVyQHBzeWNoLnVjc2IuZWR1PC9hdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+TWV0YS1hd2Fy
ZW5lc3MsIHBlcmNlcHR1YWwgZGVjb3VwbGluZyBhbmQgdGhlIHdhbmRlcmluZyBtaW5kPC90aXRs
ZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPlRyZW5kcyBpbiBjb2duaXRpdmUgc2NpZW5jZXM8L3NlY29uZGFy
eS10aXRsZT48YWx0LXRpdGxlPlRyZW5kcyBDb2duIFNjaTwvYWx0LXRpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVzPjxw
ZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPlRyZW5kcyBpbiBjb2duaXRpdmUgc2NpZW5jZXM8L2Z1bGwt
dGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5UcmVuZHMgQ29nbiBTY2k8L2FiYnItMT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PGFsdC1w
ZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPlRyZW5kcyBpbiBjb2duaXRpdmUgc2NpZW5jZXM8L2Z1bGwt
dGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5UcmVuZHMgQ29nbiBTY2k8L2FiYnItMT48L2FsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxw
YWdlcz4zMTktMjY8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+MTU8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVyPjc8L251bWJlcj48
ZWRpdGlvbj4yMDExLzA2LzIxPC9lZGl0aW9uPjxrZXl3b3Jkcz48a2V5d29yZD5BdHRlbnRpb24v
KnBoeXNpb2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QXdhcmVuZXNzLypwaHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3
b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkJyYWluLypwaHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkh1bWFuczwv
a2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5NZW1vcnkgRGlzb3JkZXJzL3BhdGhvbG9neS8qcGh5c2lvcGF0aG9s
b2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPlBlcmNlcHRpb24vKnBoeXNpb2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PC9r
ZXl3b3Jkcz48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAxMTwveWVhcj48cHViLWRhdGVzPjxkYXRlPkp1bDwvZGF0
ZT48L3B1Yi1kYXRlcz48L2RhdGVzPjxpc2JuPjE4NzktMzA3WCAoRWxlY3Ryb25pYykmI3hEOzEz
NjQtNjYxMyAoTGlua2luZyk8L2lzYm4+PGFjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+MjE2ODQxODk8L2FjY2Vzc2lv
bi1udW0+PHdvcmstdHlwZT5SZXNlYXJjaCBTdXBwb3J0LCBOb24tVS5TLiBHb3YmYXBvczt0JiN4
RDtSZXZpZXc8L3dvcmstdHlwZT48dXJscz48cmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjx1cmw+aHR0cDovL3d3dy5u
Y2JpLm5sbS5uaWguZ292L3B1Ym1lZC8yMTY4NDE4OTwvdXJsPjx1cmw+aHR0cDovL2FjLmVscy1j
ZG4uY29tL1MxMzY0NjYxMzExMDAwODc4LzEtczIuMC1TMTM2NDY2MTMxMTAwMDg3OC1tYWluLnBk
Zj9fdGlkPTgwM2U1MDNjLTAwMWItMTFlMy1hOGMzLTAwMDAwYWFiMGYwMiZhbXA7YWNkbmF0PTEz
NzU5NjA1NjZfOTg5NWZmN2U1OGE0MTk5N2Q5NGEyNTc3MWU4MTM5ZjY8L3VybD48L3JlbGF0ZWQt
dXJscz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjEwMTYvai50aWNzLjIwMTEu
MDUuMDA2PC9lbGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51bT48bGFuZ3VhZ2U+ZW5nPC9sYW5ndWFnZT48
L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEz
PC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNOdW0+MTA2PC9SZWNOdW0+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj4xMDY8L3JlYy1u
dW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJ0MGVlcnQ1dG4wenp4aGVh
c3Y5eDVlc2N3NWFheHZ3ZjVhcjUiPjEwNjwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBu
YW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3PC9yZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3Jz
PjxhdXRob3I+U21hbGx3b29kLCBKLjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48
dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5EaXN0aW5ndWlzaGluZyBob3cgZnJvbSB3aHkgdGhlIG1pbmQgd2FuZGVy
czogYSBwcm9jZXNzLW9jY3VyZW5jZSBmcmFtZXdvcmsgZm9yIHNlbGYgZ2VuZXJhdGVkIHRob3Vn
aHQ8L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+UHN5Y2hvbG9naWNhbCBidWxsZXRpbjwvc2Vjb25k
YXJ5LXRpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVzPjxwZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPlBzeWNob2xvZ2ljYWwg
YnVsbGV0aW48L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PC9wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDEzPC95ZWFy
PjwvZGF0ZXM+PHVybHM+PC91cmxzPjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48Q2l0ZT48QXV0aG9yPlNtYWxs
d29vZDwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDY8L1llYXI+PFJlY051bT4xMjQ8L1JlY051bT48cmVjb3Jk
PjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjEyNDwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIg
ZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+MTI0PC9rZXk+PC9m
b3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBl
Pjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2QsIEouPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1
dGhvcj5TY2hvb2xlciwgSi4gVy48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1
dGgtYWRkcmVzcz5Qc3ljaG9sb2d5IERlcGFydG1lbnQsIFVuaXZlcnNpdHkgb2YgQWJlcmRlZW4s
IEFiZXJkZWVuLCBTY290bGFuZC4gai5zbWFsbHdvb2RAYWJkbi5hYy51azwvYXV0aC1hZGRyZXNz
Pjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPlRoZSByZXN0bGVzcyBtaW5kPC90aXRsZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxl
PlBzeWNob2xvZ2ljYWwgYnVsbGV0aW48L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48YWx0LXRpdGxlPlBzeWNo
b2wgQnVsbDwvYWx0LXRpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVzPjxwZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPlBzeWNo
b2xvZ2ljYWwgYnVsbGV0aW48L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PC9wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxhbHQtcGVyaW9kaWNh
bD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5Qc3ljaG9sb2dpY2FsIGJ1bGxldGluPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+
UHN5Y2hvbCBCdWxsPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9hbHQtcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48cGFnZXM+OTQ2LTU4PC9wYWdl
cz48dm9sdW1lPjEzMjwvdm9sdW1lPjxudW1iZXI+NjwvbnVtYmVyPjxlZGl0aW9uPjIwMDYvMTEv
MDE8L2VkaXRpb24+PGtleXdvcmRzPjxrZXl3b3JkPkF0dGVudGlvbi8qcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5
d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5Bd2FyZW5lc3MvcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5Hb2Fs
czwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5IdW1hbnM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TWVtb3J5L3BoeXNp
b2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TWVudGFsIFByb2Nlc3Nlcy9waHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3
b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPlRhc2sgUGVyZm9ybWFuY2UgYW5kIEFuYWx5c2lzPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3
b3JkPlRoaW5raW5nLypwaHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjwva2V5d29yZHM+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFy
PjIwMDY8L3llYXI+PHB1Yi1kYXRlcz48ZGF0ZT5Ob3Y8L2RhdGU+PC9wdWItZGF0ZXM+PC9kYXRl
cz48aXNibj4wMDMzLTI5MDkgKFByaW50KSYjeEQ7MDAzMy0yOTA5IChMaW5raW5nKTwvaXNibj48
YWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT4xNzA3MzUyODwvYWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT48d29yay10eXBlPlJlc2VhcmNo
IFN1cHBvcnQsIFUuUy4gR292JmFwb3M7dCwgTm9uLVAuSC5TLiYjeEQ7UmV2aWV3PC93b3JrLXR5
cGU+PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cubmNiaS5ubG0ubmloLmdvdi9w
dWJtZWQvMTcwNzM1Mjg8L3VybD48L3JlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVz
b3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjEwMzcvMDAzMy0yOTA5LjEzMi42Ljk0NjwvZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJj
ZS1udW0+PGxhbmd1YWdlPmVuZzwvbGFuZ3VhZ2U+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRo
b3I+S2FuZTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTI8L1llYXI+PFJlY051bT41NDAwPC9SZWNOdW0+PHJl
Y29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj41NDAwPC9yZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9
IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0idDBlZXJ0NXRuMHp6eGhlYXN2OXg1ZXNjdzVhYXh2d2Y1YXI1Ij41NDAwPC9r
ZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3Jl
Zi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5LYW5lLCBNLiBKLjwvYXV0aG9y
PjxhdXRob3I+TWNWYXksIEouIEMuPC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxh
dXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+S2FuZSwgTUomI3hEO1VuaXYgTiBDYXJvbGluYSwgRGVwdCBQc3ljaG9sLCBF
YmVyaGFydCBCbGRnLDMyMSBNY0l2ZXIgU3QsIEdyZWVuc2Jvcm8sIE5DIDI3NDEyIFVTQSYjeEQ7
VW5pdiBOIENhcm9saW5hLCBEZXB0IFBzeWNob2wsIEViZXJoYXJ0IEJsZGcsMzIxIE1jSXZlciBT
dCwgR3JlZW5zYm9ybywgTkMgMjc0MTIgVVNBJiN4RDtVbml2IE4gQ2Fyb2xpbmEsIEdyZWVuc2Jv
cm8sIE5DIDI3NDEyIFVTQTwvYXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPldoYXQgTWluZCBX
YW5kZXJpbmcgUmV2ZWFscyBBYm91dCBFeGVjdXRpdmUtQ29udHJvbCBBYmlsaXRpZXMgYW5kIEZh
aWx1cmVzPC90aXRsZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPkN1cnJlbnQgRGlyZWN0aW9ucyBpbiBQc3lj
aG9sb2dpY2FsIFNjaWVuY2U8L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48YWx0LXRpdGxlPkN1cnIgRGlyIFBz
eWNob2wgU2NpPC9hbHQtdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+Q3Vy
cmVudCBEaXJlY3Rpb25zIGluIFBzeWNob2xvZ2ljYWwgU2NpZW5jZTwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJi
ci0xPkN1cnIgRGlyIFBzeWNob2wgU2NpPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxhbHQtcGVyaW9k
aWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5DdXJyZW50IERpcmVjdGlvbnMgaW4gUHN5Y2hvbG9naWNhbCBTY2ll
bmNlPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+Q3VyciBEaXIgUHN5Y2hvbCBTY2k8L2FiYnItMT48L2Fs
dC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxwYWdlcz4zNDgtMzU0PC9wYWdlcz48dm9sdW1lPjIxPC92b2x1bWU+PG51
bWJlcj41PC9udW1iZXI+PGtleXdvcmRzPjxrZXl3b3JkPm1pbmQgd2FuZGVyaW5nPC9rZXl3b3Jk
PjxrZXl3b3JkPmV4ZWN1dGl2ZSBjb250cm9sPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPndvcmtpbmcgbWVt
b3J5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPmluZGl2aWR1YWwgZGlmZmVyZW5jZXM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtl
eXdvcmQ+d29ya2luZy1tZW1vcnkgY2FwYWNpdHk8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+Z29hbCBuZWds
ZWN0PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPmF0dGVudGlvbjwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD50YXNrPC9r
ZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPmNvbXByZWhlbnNpb248L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+dGhvdWdodDwv
a2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5lcnJvcnM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+dHJhaW48L2tleXdvcmQ+
PGtleXdvcmQ+bGlmZTwva2V5d29yZD48L2tleXdvcmRzPjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDEyPC95ZWFy
PjxwdWItZGF0ZXM+PGRhdGU+T2N0PC9kYXRlPjwvcHViLWRhdGVzPjwvZGF0ZXM+PGlzYm4+MDk2
My03MjE0PC9pc2JuPjxhY2Nlc3Npb24tbnVtPklTSTowMDAzMTQ0NjUxMDAwMTI8L2FjY2Vzc2lv
bi1udW0+PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPiZsdDtHbyB0byBJU0kmZ3Q7Oi8vMDAwMzE0
NDY1MTAwMDEyPC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxzPjxlbGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNl
LW51bT5Eb2kgMTAuMTE3Ny8wOTYzNzIxNDEyNDU0ODc1PC9lbGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51
bT48bGFuZ3VhZ2U+RW5nbGlzaDwvbGFuZ3VhZ2U+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRo
b3I+S2lsbGVlbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+PFJlY051bT41NTQ3PC9SZWNOdW0+
PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj41NTQ3PC9yZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBh
cHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0idDBlZXJ0NXRuMHp6eGhlYXN2OXg1ZXNjdzVhYXh2d2Y1YXI1Ij41NTQ3
PC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8
L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5LaWxsZWVuLCBQZXRlciBS
PC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPkFic2VudCB3
aXRob3V0IGxlYXZlOyBhIG5ldXJvZW5lcmdldGljIHRoZW9yeSBvZiBtaW5kIHdhbmRlcmluZzwv
dGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5Gcm9udGllcnMgaW4gcHN5Y2hvbG9neTwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5
LXRpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVzPjxwZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPkZyb250aWVycyBpbiBwc3lj
aG9sb2d5PC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+RnJvbnQgUHN5Y2hvbDwvYWJici0xPjwvcGVyaW9k
aWNhbD48dm9sdW1lPjQ8L3ZvbHVtZT48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAxMzwveWVhcj48L2RhdGVzPjx1
cmxzPjwvdXJscz48L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Gb3JzdGVyPC9BdXRob3I+
PFllYXI+MjAxMzwvWWVhcj48UmVjTnVtPjU1NDg8L1JlY051bT48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVy
PjU1NDg8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJ0MGVl
cnQ1dG4wenp4aGVhc3Y5eDVlc2N3NWFheHZ3ZjVhcjUiPjU1NDg8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5
cz48cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1
dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPkZvcnN0ZXIsIFNvcGhpZTwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48
L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5EaXN0cmFjdGlvbiBhbmQgbWluZC13YW5kZXJp
bmcgdW5kZXIgbG9hZDwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5Gcm9udGllcnMgaW4gcHN5Y2hv
bG9neTwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVzPjxwZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPkZy
b250aWVycyBpbiBwc3ljaG9sb2d5PC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+RnJvbnQgUHN5Y2hvbDwv
YWJici0xPjwvcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48dm9sdW1lPjQ8L3ZvbHVtZT48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAxMzwv
eWVhcj48L2RhdGVzPjx1cmxzPjwvdXJscz48L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5H
cnViZXJnZXI8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNOdW0+NTU0OTwvUmVjTnVtPjxy
ZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+NTU0OTwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBw
PSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+NTU0OTwv
a2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3PC9y
ZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+R3J1YmVyZ2VyLCBNaWNoYWw8
L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkJlbi1TaW1vbiwgRXRpPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5MZXZrb3ZpdHos
IFllY2hpZWw8L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPlphbmdlbiwgQWJyYWhhbTwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+
SGVuZGxlciwgVGFsbWE8L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PHRpdGxlcz48
dGl0bGU+VG93YXJkcyBhIG5ldXJvc2NpZW5jZSBvZiBtaW5kLXdhbmRlcmluZzwvdGl0bGU+PHNl
Y29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5Gcm9udGllcnMgaW4gSHVtYW4gTmV1cm9zY2llbmNlPC9zZWNvbmRhcnkt
dGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+RnJvbnRpZXJzIGluIEh1bWFu
IE5ldXJvc2NpZW5jZTwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PHZvbHVtZT41PC92b2x1bWU+
PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMTE8L3llYXI+PC9kYXRlcz48dXJscz48L3VybHM+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9D
aXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+TWFyY2hldHRpPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMjwvWWVhcj48UmVj
TnVtPjU1NTA8L1JlY051bT48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjU1NTA8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZv
cmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJ0MGVlcnQ1dG4wenp4aGVhc3Y5eDVlc2N3
NWFheHZ3ZjVhcjUiPjU1NTA8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91
cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9y
Pk1hcmNoZXR0aSwgSWdvcjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+S29zdGVyLCBFcm5zdCBIVzwvYXV0aG9y
PjxhdXRob3I+U29udWdhLUJhcmtlLCBFZG11bmQgSjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+RGUgUmFlZHQs
IFJ1ZGk8L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+VGhl
IGRlZmF1bHQgbW9kZSBuZXR3b3JrIGFuZCByZWN1cnJlbnQgZGVwcmVzc2lvbjogYSBuZXVyb2Jp
b2xvZ2ljYWwgbW9kZWwgb2YgY29nbml0aXZlIHJpc2sgZmFjdG9yczwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFy
eS10aXRsZT5OZXVyb3BzeWNob2xvZ3kgcmV2aWV3PC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+
PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+TmV1cm9wc3ljaG9sb2d5IHJldmlldzwvZnVsbC10aXRs
ZT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PHBhZ2VzPjIyOS0yNTE8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+MjI8L3ZvbHVtZT48
bnVtYmVyPjM8L251bWJlcj48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAxMjwveWVhcj48L2RhdGVzPjxpc2JuPjEw
NDAtNzMwODwvaXNibj48dXJscz48L3VybHM+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+
R2lsYmVydDwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDc8L1llYXI+PFJlY051bT41NDc4PC9SZWNOdW0+PHJl
Y29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj41NDc4PC9yZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9
IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0idDBlZXJ0NXRuMHp6eGhlYXN2OXg1ZXNjdzVhYXh2d2Y1YXI1Ij41NDc4PC9r
ZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3Jl
Zi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5HaWxiZXJ0LCBTLiBKLjwvYXV0
aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+RHVtb250aGVpbCwgSS48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPlNpbW9ucywgSi4gUy48
L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkZyaXRoLCBDLiBELjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+QnVyZ2VzcywgUC4g
Vy48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGgtYWRkcmVzcz5HaWxiZXJ0
LCBTSiYjeEQ7VUNMLCBJbnN0IENvZ25pdCBOZXVyb3NjaSwgTG9uZG9uLCBFbmdsYW5kJiN4RDtV
Q0wsIEluc3QgQ29nbml0IE5ldXJvc2NpLCBMb25kb24sIEVuZ2xhbmQmI3hEO1VDTCwgSW5zdCBD
b2duaXQgTmV1cm9zY2ksIExvbmRvbiwgRW5nbGFuZCYjeEQ7VUNMLCBEZXB0IFBzeWNob2wsIExv
bmRvbiwgRW5nbGFuZCYjeEQ7TVJDLCBDb2duaXQgJmFtcDsgQnJhaW4gU2NpIFVuaXQsIENhbWJy
aWRnZSwgRW5nbGFuZCYjeEQ7VW5pdiBDYW1icmlkZ2UsIEJlaGF2ICZhbXA7IENsaW4gTmV1cm9z
Y2kgSW5zdCwgRGVwdCBFeHB0IFBzeWNob2wsIENhbWJyaWRnZSwgRW5nbGFuZCYjeEQ7VUNMLCBX
ZWxsY29tZSBEZXB0IEltYWdpbmcgTmV1cm9zY2ksIE5ldXJvbCBJbnN0LCBMb25kb24sIEVuZ2xh
bmQ8L2F1dGgtYWRkcmVzcz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5Db21tZW50IG9uICZxdW90O1dhbmRlcmlu
ZyBtaW5kczogVGhlIGRlZmF1bHQgbmV0d29yayBhbmQgc3RpbXVsdXMtaW5kZXBlbmRlbnQgdGhv
dWdodCZxdW90OzwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5TY2llbmNlPC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0
bGU+PGFsdC10aXRsZT5TY2llbmNlPC9hbHQtdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1
bGwtdGl0bGU+U2NpZW5jZTwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPlNjaWVuY2U8L2FiYnItMT48L3Bl
cmlvZGljYWw+PGFsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPlNjaWVuY2U8L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+
PGFiYnItMT5TY2llbmNlPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9hbHQtcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48cGFnZXM+NDMtKzwvcGFn
ZXM+PHZvbHVtZT4zMTc8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVyPjU4MzQ8L251bWJlcj48a2V5d29yZHM+PGtl
eXdvcmQ+cHJlZnJvbnRhbCBjb3J0ZXggYXJlYS0xMDwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5wb3N0ZXJp
b3IgY2luZ3VsYXRlPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPmJyYWluLWZ1bmN0aW9uPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxr
ZXl3b3JkPm1vZGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+c2VsZjwva2V5d29yZD48L2tleXdvcmRzPjxk
YXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDA3PC95ZWFyPjxwdWItZGF0ZXM+PGRhdGU+SnVsIDY8L2RhdGU+PC9wdWIt
ZGF0ZXM+PC9kYXRlcz48aXNibj4wMDM2LTgwNzU8L2lzYm4+PGFjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+SVNJOjAw
MDI0Nzc3NjcwMDAyNjwvYWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT48dXJscz48cmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjx1cmw+Jmx0
O0dvIHRvIElTSSZndDs6Ly8wMDAyNDc3NzY3MDAwMjY8L3VybD48L3JlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48L3Vy
bHM+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPkRPSSAxMC4xMTI2L3NjaWVuY2UuMTE0MDgwMTwv
ZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+PGxhbmd1YWdlPkVuZ2xpc2g8L2xhbmd1YWdlPjwvcmVj
b3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48Q2l0ZT48QXV0aG9yPkNhbGxhcmQ8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy
PjxSZWNOdW0+NTU1MTwvUmVjTnVtPjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+NTU1MTwvcmVjLW51bWJl
cj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4
NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+NTU1MTwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1l
PSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3PC9yZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxh
dXRob3I+Q2FsbGFyZCwgRmVsaWNpdHk8L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPlNtYWxsd29vZCwgSm9uYXRo
YW48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkdvbGNoZXJ0LCBKb2hhbm5lczwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+TWFy
Z3VsaWVzLCBEYW5pZWwgUzwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48dGl0bGVz
Pjx0aXRsZT5UaGUgZXJhIG9mIHRoZSB3YW5kZXJpbmcgbWluZD8gVHdlbnR5LWZpcnN0IGNlbnR1
cnkgcmVzZWFyY2ggb24gc2VsZi1nZW5lcmF0ZWQgbWVudGFsIGFjdGl2aXR5PC90aXRsZT48c2Vj
b25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPkZyb250aWVycyBpbiBwc3ljaG9sb2d5PC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PC90
aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+RnJvbnRpZXJzIGluIHBzeWNob2xvZ3k8L2Z1
bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5Gcm9udCBQc3ljaG9sPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjx2b2x1
bWU+NDwvdm9sdW1lPjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDEzPC95ZWFyPjwvZGF0ZXM+PHVybHM+PC91cmxz
PjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48L0VuZE5vdGU+AG==
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TY2hvb2xlcjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTE8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Callard et al 2013, Forster 2013, Gilbert et al 2007, Gruberger et al 2011, Kane & McVay 2012, Killeen 2013, Marchetti et al 2012, Schooler et al 2011, Smallwood 2013a, Smallwood & Schooler 2006). Unquestionably this question has been the beneficiary of a change in the scientific zeitgeist regarding the appropriateness of the study of consciousness. The field of psychology was slow to shed the scepticism towards internal experience that it inherited from the Behaviorist era PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Db2hlbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5OTc8L1llYXI+PFJl
Y051bT41NTM2PC9SZWNOdW0+PERpc3BsYXlUZXh0PihDYWxsYXJkIGV0IGFsIDIwMTIsIENvaGVu
ICZhbXA7IFNjaG9vbGVyIDE5OTcpPC9EaXNwbGF5VGV4dD48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjU1
MzY8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJ0MGVlcnQ1
dG4wenp4aGVhc3Y5eDVlc2N3NWFheHZ3ZjVhcjUiPjU1MzY8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48
cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iQm9vayI+NjwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48
YXV0aG9yPkNvaGVuLCBKb25hdGhhbiBEPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5TY2hvb2xlciwgSm9uYXRo
YW4gVzwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5TY2ll
bnRpZmljIGFwcHJvYWNoZXMgdG8gY29uc2Npb3VzbmVzczwvdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHZvbHVt
ZT4yNTwvdm9sdW1lPjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4xOTk3PC95ZWFyPjwvZGF0ZXM+PHB1Ymxpc2hlcj5Q
c3ljaG9sb2d5IFByZXNzPC9wdWJsaXNoZXI+PGlzYm4+MDgwNTgxNDcyODwvaXNibj48dXJscz48
L3VybHM+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+Q2FsbGFyZDwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFy
PjIwMTI8L1llYXI+PFJlY051bT4zMDA8L1JlY051bT48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjMwMDwv
cmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6
enhoZWFzdjl4NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+MzAwPC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10
eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1
dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5DYWxsYXJkLCBGLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+U21hbGx3b29kLCBKLjwv
YXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+TWFyZ3VsaWVzLCBELiBTLjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRy
aWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPkNlbnRyZSBmb3IgTWVkaWNhbCBIdW1hbml0aWVzLCBEdXJo
YW0gVW5pdmVyc2l0eSBEdXJoYW0sIFVLLjwvYXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPkRl
ZmF1bHQgUG9zaXRpb25zOiBIb3cgTmV1cm9zY2llbmNlJmFwb3M7cyBIaXN0b3JpY2FsIExlZ2Fj
eSBoYXMgSGFtcGVyZWQgSW52ZXN0aWdhdGlvbiBvZiB0aGUgUmVzdGluZyBNaW5kPC90aXRsZT48
c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPkZyb250IFBzeWNob2w8L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48YWx0LXRpdGxl
PkZyb250aWVycyBpbiBwc3ljaG9sb2d5PC9hbHQtdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+
PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+RnJvbnQgUHN5Y2hvbDwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPkZyb250aWVycyBp
biBwc3ljaG9sb2d5PC9hYmJyLTE+PC9wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxhbHQtcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10
aXRsZT5Gcm9udGllcnMgaW4gcHN5Y2hvbG9neTwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPkZyb250IFBz
eWNob2w8L2FiYnItMT48L2FsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxwYWdlcz4zMjE8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+
Mzwvdm9sdW1lPjxlZGl0aW9uPjIwMTIvMDkvMTQ8L2VkaXRpb24+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMTI8
L3llYXI+PC9kYXRlcz48aXNibj4xNjY0LTEwNzggKEVsZWN0cm9uaWMpPC9pc2JuPjxhY2Nlc3Np
b24tbnVtPjIyOTczMjUyPC9hY2Nlc3Npb24tbnVtPjx1cmxzPjxyZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PHVybD5o
dHRwOi8vd3d3Lm5jYmkubmxtLm5paC5nb3YvcHVibWVkLzIyOTczMjUyPC91cmw+PHVybD5odHRw
Oi8vd3d3LmZyb250aWVyc2luLm9yZy9Kb3VybmFsL0Rvd25sb2FkRmlsZS8xLzQwMjAyLzI5OTE2
LzEvMjEvZnBzeWctMDMtMDAzMjFfcGRmPC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxzPjxjdXN0
b20yPjM0Mzc0NjI8L2N1c3RvbTI+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjMzODkvZnBz
eWcuMjAxMi4wMDMyMTwvZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+PGxhbmd1YWdlPmVuZzwvbGFu
Z3VhZ2U+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjwvRW5kTm90ZT5=
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Db2hlbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5OTc8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Callard et al 2012, Cohen & Schooler 1997). However, as scientific consideration of consciousness became more accepted so too did the investigation of mind-wandering. Closely allied with this shift were methodological advances in the study of consciousness. As will be discussed, the stream of consciousness is being increasingly illuminated by the strategy of triangulating between self-report, behavioural, and neurocognitive measures PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TY2hvb2xlcjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDQ8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TY2hvb2xlcjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDQ8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Schooler & Schreiber 2004, Varela & Thompson 2003).Research on mind-wandering has also undoubtedly been advanced by research in cognitive neuroscience, and in particular technological advances such as the development of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI, ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ogawa</Author><Year>1990</Year><RecNum>5539</RecNum><DisplayText>(Ogawa et al 1990)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5539</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5539</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ogawa, Seiji</author><author>Lee, TM</author><author>Kay, AR</author><author>Tank, DW</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation</title><secondary-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</full-title></periodical><pages>9868-9872</pages><volume>87</volume><number>24</number><dates><year>1990</year></dates><isbn>0027-8424</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Ogawa et al 1990). The spatial resolution offered by fMRI has meant that it has swiftly become a primary tool for investigating the inner workings of the mind, a technique that is at its most advantageous when focused on private experiences such as mind-wandering. Moreover, in the early years of this century a network of brain regions focused on the medial surface of the cortex and known as the default mode network was discovered PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5HcmVpY2l1czwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDM8L1llYXI+
PFJlY051bT41Mjg5PC9SZWNOdW0+PERpc3BsYXlUZXh0PihHcmVpY2l1cyBldCBhbCAyMDAzLCBS
YWljaGxlIGV0IGFsIDIwMDEpPC9EaXNwbGF5VGV4dD48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjUyODk8
L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJ0MGVlcnQ1dG4w
enp4aGVhc3Y5eDVlc2N3NWFheHZ3ZjVhcjUiPjUyODk8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVm
LXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48
YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPkdyZWljaXVzLCBNaWNoYWVsIEQ8L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPktyYXNu
b3csIEJlbjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+UmVpc3MsIEFsbGFuIEw8L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPk1l
bm9uLCBWaW5vZDwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRs
ZT5GdW5jdGlvbmFsIGNvbm5lY3Rpdml0eSBpbiB0aGUgcmVzdGluZyBicmFpbjogYSBuZXR3b3Jr
IGFuYWx5c2lzIG9mIHRoZSBkZWZhdWx0IG1vZGUgaHlwb3RoZXNpczwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFy
eS10aXRsZT5Qcm9jZWVkaW5ncyBvZiB0aGUgTmF0aW9uYWwgQWNhZGVteSBvZiBTY2llbmNlczwv
c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVzPjxwZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPlByb2NlZWRp
bmdzIG9mIHRoZSBOYXRpb25hbCBBY2FkZW15IG9mIFNjaWVuY2VzPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjwvcGVy
aW9kaWNhbD48cGFnZXM+MjUzLTI1ODwvcGFnZXM+PHZvbHVtZT4xMDA8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVy
PjE8L251bWJlcj48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAwMzwveWVhcj48L2RhdGVzPjxpc2JuPjAwMjctODQy
NDwvaXNibj48dXJscz48L3VybHM+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+UmFpY2hs
ZTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDE8L1llYXI+PFJlY051bT45NjwvUmVjTnVtPjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJl
Yy1udW1iZXI+OTY8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlk
PSJ0MGVlcnQ1dG4wenp4aGVhc3Y5eDVlc2N3NWFheHZ3ZjVhcjUiPjk2PC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWdu
LWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250
cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5SYWljaGxlLCBNLiBFLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+
TWFjTGVvZCwgQS4gTS48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPlNueWRlciwgQS4gWi48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0
aG9yPlBvd2VycywgVy4gSi48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkd1c25hcmQsIEQuIEEuPC9hdXRob3I+
PGF1dGhvcj5TaHVsbWFuLCBHLiBMLjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48
YXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPk1hbGxpbmNrcm9kdCBJbnN0aXR1dGUgb2YgUmFkaW9sb2d5IGFuZCBEZXBh
cnRtZW50cyBvZiBOZXVyb2xvZ3kgYW5kIFBzeWNoaWF0cnksIFdhc2hpbmd0b24gVW5pdmVyc2l0
eSBTY2hvb2wgb2YgTWVkaWNpbmUsIFN0LiBMb3VpcywgTU8gNjMxMTAsIFVTQS4gbWFyY0BucGcu
d3VzdGwuZWR1PC9hdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+QSBkZWZhdWx0IG1vZGUgb2Yg
YnJhaW4gZnVuY3Rpb248L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+UHJvY2VlZGluZ3Mgb2YgdGhl
IE5hdGlvbmFsIEFjYWRlbXkgb2YgU2NpZW5jZXMgb2YgdGhlIFVuaXRlZCBTdGF0ZXMgb2YgQW1l
cmljYTwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjxhbHQtdGl0bGU+UHJvYyBOYXRsIEFjYWQgU2NpIFUgUyBB
PC9hbHQtdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+UHJvY2VlZGluZ3Mg
b2YgdGhlIE5hdGlvbmFsIEFjYWRlbXkgb2YgU2NpZW5jZXMgb2YgdGhlIFVuaXRlZCBTdGF0ZXMg
b2YgQW1lcmljYTwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPlByb2MgTmF0bCBBY2FkIFNjaSBVIFMgQTwv
YWJici0xPjwvcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48YWx0LXBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+UHJvY2VlZGlu
Z3Mgb2YgdGhlIE5hdGlvbmFsIEFjYWRlbXkgb2YgU2NpZW5jZXMgb2YgdGhlIFVuaXRlZCBTdGF0
ZXMgb2YgQW1lcmljYTwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPlByb2MgTmF0bCBBY2FkIFNjaSBVIFMg
QTwvYWJici0xPjwvYWx0LXBlcmlvZGljYWw+PHBhZ2VzPjY3Ni04MjwvcGFnZXM+PHZvbHVtZT45
ODwvdm9sdW1lPjxudW1iZXI+MjwvbnVtYmVyPjxlZGl0aW9uPjIwMDEvMDIvMjQ8L2VkaXRpb24+
PGtleXdvcmRzPjxrZXl3b3JkPkFkdWx0PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkFnZWQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+
PGtleXdvcmQ+QWdlZCwgODAgYW5kIG92ZXI8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QXR0ZW50aW9uL3Bo
eXNpb2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QnJhaW4vKnBoeXNpb2xvZ3kvcmFkaW9udWNsaWRl
IGltYWdpbmc8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QnJhaW4gQ2hlbWlzdHJ5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3
b3JkPipCcmFpbiBNYXBwaW5nPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkNlcmVicm92YXNjdWxhciBDaXJj
dWxhdGlvbjwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5GZW1hbGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+SHVtYW5z
PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPipNYWduZXRpYyBSZXNvbmFuY2UgSW1hZ2luZzwva2V5d29yZD48
a2V5d29yZD5NYWxlPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk1pZGRsZSBBZ2VkPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3
b3JkPipNb2RlbHMsIE5ldXJvbG9naWNhbDwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5PeHlnZW4vYmxvb2Q8
L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+T3h5Z2VuIENvbnN1bXB0aW9uPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk94
eWhlbW9nbG9iaW5zL2FuYWx5c2lzPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPlBhcmlldGFsIExvYmUvcGh5
c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5SZXN0LypwaHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3
b3JkPlN1cGluZSBQb3NpdGlvbjwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5Ub21vZ3JhcGh5LCBFbWlzc2lv
bi1Db21wdXRlZDwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5XYWtlZnVsbmVzcy9waHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3
b3JkPjwva2V5d29yZHM+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMDE8L3llYXI+PHB1Yi1kYXRlcz48ZGF0ZT5K
YW4gMTY8L2RhdGU+PC9wdWItZGF0ZXM+PC9kYXRlcz48aXNibj4wMDI3LTg0MjQgKFByaW50KSYj
eEQ7MDAyNy04NDI0IChMaW5raW5nKTwvaXNibj48YWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT4xMTIwOTA2NDwvYWNj
ZXNzaW9uLW51bT48d29yay10eXBlPlJlc2VhcmNoIFN1cHBvcnQsIE5vbi1VLlMuIEdvdiZhcG9z
O3QmI3hEO1Jlc2VhcmNoIFN1cHBvcnQsIFUuUy4gR292JmFwb3M7dCwgUC5ILlMuPC93b3JrLXR5
cGU+PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cubmNiaS5ubG0ubmloLmdvdi9w
dWJtZWQvMTEyMDkwNjQ8L3VybD48dXJsPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cucG5hcy5vcmcvY29udGVudC85OC8y
LzY3Ni5mdWxsLnBkZjwvdXJsPjwvcmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjwvdXJscz48Y3VzdG9tMj4xNDY0Nzwv
Y3VzdG9tMj48ZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+MTAuMTA3My9wbmFzLjk4LjIuNjc2PC9l
bGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51bT48bGFuZ3VhZ2U+ZW5nPC9sYW5ndWFnZT48L3JlY29yZD48
L0NpdGU+PC9FbmROb3RlPn==
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5HcmVpY2l1czwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDM8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Greicius et al 2003, Raichle et al 2001). This network is engaged when participants engage in the sort of thinking that occur during mind-wandering, such as thoughts about the future, of themselves, or, of other people ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Andrews‐Hanna</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>5266</RecNum><DisplayText>(Andrews‐Hanna et al 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5266</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5266</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Andrews‐Hanna, Jessica R</author><author>Smallwood, Jonathan</author><author>Spreng, R Nathan</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The default network and self‐generated thought: component processes, dynamic control, and clinical relevance</title><secondary-title>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</full-title><abbr-1>Ann N Y Acad Sci</abbr-1></periodical><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>1749-6632</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Andrews‐Hanna et al 2014) and was swiftly linked to the mind-wandering state PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NYXNvbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDc8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NYXNvbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDc8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Mason et al 2007, McKiernan et al 2006, McKiernan et al 2003). The discovery of this network and its experiential correlates provided a viable starting point from which to understand the brain basis of mind-wandering.Finally, it has become apparent that neurocognitive processes that are not constrained by external input are ubiquitous aspects of the human condition. Unconstrained neural processing, such as that which occurs during the resting-state, are common to all known brain networks, raising important questions on how to interpret task-free activity PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWl0aDwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWl0aDwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl
Y051bT41Mjk0PC9SZWNOdW0+PERpc3BsYXlUZXh0PihCdWNrbmVyICZhbXA7IFZpbmNlbnQgMjAw
NywgU21pdGggZXQgYWwgMjAwOSk8L0Rpc3BsYXlUZXh0PjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+NTI5
NDwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0
bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+NTI5NDwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxy
ZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3PC9yZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3Jz
PjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+U21pdGgsIFN0ZXBoZW4gTTwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+Rm94LCBQ
ZXRlciBUPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5NaWxsZXIsIEthcmxhIEw8L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkds
YWhuLCBEYXZpZCBDPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5Gb3gsIFAgTWlja2xlPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhv
cj5NYWNrYXksIENsYXJlIEU8L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkZpbGlwcGluaSwgTmljb2xhPC9hdXRo
b3I+PGF1dGhvcj5XYXRraW5zLCBLYXRlIEU8L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPlRvcm8sIFJvYmVydG88
L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkxhaXJkLCBBbmdlbGEgUjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRy
aWJ1dG9ycz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5Db3JyZXNwb25kZW5jZSBvZiB0aGUgYnJhaW4mYXBvcztz
IGZ1bmN0aW9uYWwgYXJjaGl0ZWN0dXJlIGR1cmluZyBhY3RpdmF0aW9uIGFuZCByZXN0PC90aXRs
ZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPlByb2NlZWRpbmdzIG9mIHRoZSBOYXRpb25hbCBBY2FkZW15IG9m
IFNjaWVuY2VzPC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0
bGU+UHJvY2VlZGluZ3Mgb2YgdGhlIE5hdGlvbmFsIEFjYWRlbXkgb2YgU2NpZW5jZXM8L2Z1bGwt
dGl0bGU+PC9wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxwYWdlcz4xMzA0MC0xMzA0NTwvcGFnZXM+PHZvbHVtZT4xMDY8
L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVyPjMxPC9udW1iZXI+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMDk8L3llYXI+PC9kYXRl
cz48aXNibj4wMDI3LTg0MjQ8L2lzYm4+PHVybHM+PC91cmxzPjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48Q2l0
ZT48QXV0aG9yPkJ1Y2tuZXI8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA3PC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNOdW0+NTUzODwv
UmVjTnVtPjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+NTUzODwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlz
PjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFy
NSI+NTUzODwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGlj
bGUiPjE3PC9yZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+QnVja25lciwg
UmFuZHkgTDwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+VmluY2VudCwgSnVzdGluIEw8L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhv
cnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+VW5yZXN0IGF0IHJlc3Q6IGRlZmF1bHQg
YWN0aXZpdHkgYW5kIHNwb250YW5lb3VzIG5ldHdvcmsgY29ycmVsYXRpb25zPC90aXRsZT48c2Vj
b25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPk5ldXJvSW1hZ2U8L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48L3RpdGxlcz48cGVyaW9k
aWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5OZXVyb0ltYWdlPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+TmV1cm9JbWFn
ZTwvYWJici0xPjwvcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48cGFnZXM+MTA5MS0xMDk2PC9wYWdlcz48dm9sdW1lPjM3
PC92b2x1bWU+PG51bWJlcj40PC9udW1iZXI+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMDc8L3llYXI+PC9kYXRl
cz48aXNibj4xMDUzLTgxMTk8L2lzYm4+PHVybHM+PC91cmxzPjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48Q2l0
ZT48QXV0aG9yPlNtaXRoPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAwOTwvWWVhcj48UmVjTnVtPjUyOTQ8L1Jl
Y051bT48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjUyOTQ8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48
a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJ0MGVlcnQ1dG4wenp4aGVhc3Y5eDVlc2N3NWFheHZ3ZjVhcjUi
PjUyOTQ8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xl
Ij4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPlNtaXRoLCBTdGVw
aGVuIE08L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkZveCwgUGV0ZXIgVDwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+TWlsbGVy
LCBLYXJsYSBMPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5HbGFobiwgRGF2aWQgQzwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+
Rm94LCBQIE1pY2tsZTwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+TWFja2F5LCBDbGFyZSBFPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1
dGhvcj5GaWxpcHBpbmksIE5pY29sYTwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+V2F0a2lucywgS2F0ZSBFPC9h
dXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5Ub3JvLCBSb2JlcnRvPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5MYWlyZCwgQW5nZWxh
IFI8L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+Q29ycmVz
cG9uZGVuY2Ugb2YgdGhlIGJyYWluJmFwb3M7cyBmdW5jdGlvbmFsIGFyY2hpdGVjdHVyZSBkdXJp
bmcgYWN0aXZhdGlvbiBhbmQgcmVzdDwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5Qcm9jZWVkaW5n
cyBvZiB0aGUgTmF0aW9uYWwgQWNhZGVteSBvZiBTY2llbmNlczwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjwv
dGl0bGVzPjxwZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPlByb2NlZWRpbmdzIG9mIHRoZSBOYXRpb25h
bCBBY2FkZW15IG9mIFNjaWVuY2VzPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjwvcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48cGFnZXM+MTMw
NDAtMTMwNDU8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+MTA2PC92b2x1bWU+PG51bWJlcj4zMTwvbnVtYmVyPjxk
YXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDA5PC95ZWFyPjwvZGF0ZXM+PGlzYm4+MDAyNy04NDI0PC9pc2JuPjx1cmxz
PjwvdXJscz48L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PC9FbmROb3RlPgB=
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Buckner & Vincent 2007, Smith et al 2009). Moreover, studies indicate that people spend somewhere between 25 and 50% of their waking hours engaged in thoughts unrelated to the here and now PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LaWxsaW5nc3dvcnRoPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMDwv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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LaWxsaW5nc3dvcnRoPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMDwv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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Kane et al 2007, Killingsworth & Gilbert 2010). Unconstrained mental processes are the norm rather than the exception for our species, and mind-wandering provides a clear paradigm in which to understand them.Happily the gap is closing between the regularity with which people mind-wander and the frequency with which scientists study it. The last decade has witnessed an explosion of developments in understanding how, when, and why the mind wanders. This review will describe the methods that have been established to understand mind-wandering, examine its phenomenology and the neurocognitive processes that it entails, and will consider the costs and benefits that this experience can bring. Before considering these issues in detail, the conceptual and empirical challenges that understanding the wandering mind entails will be considered.2. Terminology, measurement and conceptual issuesTerminologyWhen the mind wanders, attention drifts from its current train of thought (often an external task) to mental content generated by the individual rather than the environment. Often the thoughts that occurs during mind-wandering experiences is described as task unrelated ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Giambra</Author><Year>1995</Year><RecNum>4927</RecNum><DisplayText>(Giambra 1995)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4927</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4927</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Giambra, L. M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>National Institute on Aging, Gerontology Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>A laboratory method for investigating influences on switching attention to task-unrelated imagery and thought</title><secondary-title>Consciousness and cognition</secondary-title><alt-title>Consciousness and cognition</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Consciousness and cognition</full-title><abbr-1>Conscious Cogn</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Consciousness and cognition</full-title><abbr-1>Conscious Cogn</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1-21</pages><volume>4</volume><number>1</number><edition>1995/03/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>*Attention</keyword><keyword>Awareness</keyword><keyword>Fantasy</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>*Imagination</keyword><keyword>Individuality</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Problem Solving</keyword><keyword>Psychomotor Performance</keyword><keyword>Reaction Time</keyword><keyword>Reference Values</keyword><keyword>*Thinking</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1995</year><pub-dates><date>Mar</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1053-8100 (Print)
1053-8100 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>7497092</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Giambra 1995) or stimulus independent thoughts PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbnRyb2J1czwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5Njc8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbnRyb2J1czwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5Njc8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Antrobus et al 1967, Antrobus et al 1970), terms which capture the independence of the experiences from perception and on-going actions. Other terms like autobiographical thought or mind pops PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LdmF2aWxhc2h2aWxpPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAwNDwv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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LdmF2aWxhc2h2aWxpPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAwNDwv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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Kvavilashvili & Mandler 2004), capture the generative process that provides the content of the experience itself. One term that captures both the generative aspects of these experiences as well as their independence from perception is self-generated-thought PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy
PjxSZWNOdW0+MTA2PC9SZWNOdW0+PERpc3BsYXlUZXh0PihTbWFsbHdvb2QgMjAxM2EsIFNtYWxs
d29vZCAyMDEzYik8L0Rpc3BsYXlUZXh0PjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+MTA2PC9yZWMtbnVt
YmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0idDBlZXJ0NXRuMHp6eGhlYXN2
OXg1ZXNjdzVhYXh2d2Y1YXI1Ij4xMDY8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFt
ZT0iSm91cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48
YXV0aG9yPlNtYWxsd29vZCwgSi48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PHRp
dGxlcz48dGl0bGU+RGlzdGluZ3Vpc2hpbmcgaG93IGZyb20gd2h5IHRoZSBtaW5kIHdhbmRlcnM6
IGEgcHJvY2Vzcy1vY2N1cmVuY2UgZnJhbWV3b3JrIGZvciBzZWxmIGdlbmVyYXRlZCB0aG91Z2h0
PC90aXRsZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPlBzeWNob2xvZ2ljYWwgYnVsbGV0aW48L3NlY29uZGFy
eS10aXRsZT48L3RpdGxlcz48cGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5Qc3ljaG9sb2dpY2FsIGJ1
bGxldGluPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjwvcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAxMzwveWVhcj48
L2RhdGVzPjx1cmxzPjwvdXJscz48L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdv
b2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNOdW0+MzQzPC9SZWNOdW0+PHJlY29yZD48
cmVjLW51bWJlcj4zNDM8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRi
LWlkPSJ0MGVlcnQ1dG4wenp4aGVhc3Y5eDVlc2N3NWFheHZ3ZjVhcjUiPjM0Mzwva2V5PjwvZm9y
ZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3PC9yZWYtdHlwZT48
Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+U21hbGx3b29kLCBKLjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0
aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPlNtYWxsd29vZCwgSiYjeEQ7TWF4IFBs
YW5jayBJbnN0IEh1bWFuIENvZ25pdCAmYW1wOyBCcmFpbiBTY2ksIERlcHQgU29jaWFsIE5ldXJv
c2NpLCBTdGVwaGFuc3RyYXNzZSAxQSwgTGVpcHppZywgR2VybWFueSYjeEQ7TWF4IFBsYW5jayBJ
bnN0IEh1bWFuIENvZ25pdCAmYW1wOyBCcmFpbiBTY2ksIERlcHQgU29jaWFsIE5ldXJvc2NpLCBT
dGVwaGFuc3RyYXNzZSAxQSwgTGVpcHppZywgR2VybWFueSYjeEQ7TWF4IFBsYW5jayBJbnN0IEh1
bWFuIENvZ25pdCAmYW1wOyBCcmFpbiBTY2ksIExlaXB6aWcsIEdlcm1hbnk8L2F1dGgtYWRkcmVz
cz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5TZWFyY2hpbmcgZm9yIHRoZSBFbGVtZW50cyBvZiBUaG91Z2h0OiBS
ZXBseSB0byBGcmFua2xpbiwgTXJhemVrLCBCcm9hZHdheSwgYW5kIFNjaG9vbGVyICgyMDEzKTwv
dGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5Qc3ljaG9sb2dpY2FsIGJ1bGxldGluPC9zZWNvbmRhcnkt
dGl0bGU+PGFsdC10aXRsZT5Qc3ljaG9sIEJ1bGw8L2FsdC10aXRsZT48L3RpdGxlcz48cGVyaW9k
aWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5Qc3ljaG9sb2dpY2FsIGJ1bGxldGluPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjwvcGVy
aW9kaWNhbD48YWx0LXBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+UHN5Y2hvbG9naWNhbCBidWxsZXRp
bjwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPlBzeWNob2wgQnVsbDwvYWJici0xPjwvYWx0LXBlcmlvZGlj
YWw+PHBhZ2VzPjU0Mi01NDc8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+MTM5PC92b2x1bWU+PG51bWJlcj4zPC9u
dW1iZXI+PGtleXdvcmRzPjxrZXl3b3JkPnBlcmNlcHR1YWwgZGVjb3VwbGluZzwva2V5d29yZD48
a2V5d29yZD5taW5kIHdhbmRlcmluZzwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5pbnRlcm5hbCB0cmFpbiBv
ZiB0aG91Z2h0PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPnRhc2sgdW5yZWxhdGVkIHRob3VnaHQ8L2tleXdv
cmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+c3RpbXVsdXMgaW5kZXBlbmRlbnQgdGhvdWdodDwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29y
ZD53YW5kZXJpbmcgbWluZDwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5tb29kcyBsZWFkPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxr
ZXl3b3JkPmRpc3RyYWN0aW9uPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPmNvZ25pdGlvbjwva2V5d29yZD48
a2V5d29yZD5uZXR3b3JrPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPmNvcnRleDwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29y
ZD5icmFpbjwva2V5d29yZD48L2tleXdvcmRzPjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDEzPC95ZWFyPjxwdWIt
ZGF0ZXM+PGRhdGU+TWF5PC9kYXRlPjwvcHViLWRhdGVzPjwvZGF0ZXM+PGlzYm4+MDAzMy0yOTA5
PC9pc2JuPjxhY2Nlc3Npb24tbnVtPklTSTowMDAzMTc4NTUyMDAwMDM8L2FjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+
PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPiZsdDtHbyB0byBJU0kmZ3Q7Oi8vMDAwMzE3ODU1MjAw
MDAzPC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxzPjxlbGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51bT5E
b2kgMTAuMTAzNy9BMDAzMTAxOTwvZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+PGxhbmd1YWdlPkVu
Z2xpc2g8L2xhbmd1YWdlPjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48L0VuZE5vdGU+AG==
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Smallwood 2013a, Smallwood 2013b). The conceptual basis of self-generated-thought, and is distinction from both task-unrelated-thought and external distraction is described in Box One and Figure One.MeasurementInvestigations of mind-wandering use the technique of experience sampling (ES, PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LYWhuZW1hbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDQ8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LYWhuZW1hbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDQ8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Kahneman et al 2004) Box Two) to capture moments when consciousness is occupied by intrinsic topics and others when it is attending to external input. Although researchers are often interested in investigating the wandering that leads our thoughts to stray from the moment, the experimental measurement usually corresponds to the content of conscious experience at the time the ES probe is given. Although it is safe to assume that dynamic changes must have led to the current mental state, the ES approach does not enable researchers to watch in real time as conscious states evolve from one mental state to the next. This is one reason why an important avenue in research on mind-wandering is the pursuit of indirect measures of the experience.Conceptual issuesIt is standard to understand the basis of cognitive functions through the experimental manipulation of the process in question. Usually an imperative stimulus is presented to a participant and their response (behavioural, neural or psychological) is recorded. By varying the nature of the stimulus or the task that the participant performs and observing any changes that occur, inferences can be drawn on the nature of the underlying mental processes ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Donders</Author><Year>1969</Year><RecNum>5013</RecNum><DisplayText>(Donders 1969)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5013</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5013</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Donders, F. C.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>On the speed of mental processes</title><secondary-title>Acta psychologica</secondary-title><alt-title>Acta psychologica</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Acta psychologica</full-title><abbr-1>Acta Psychol (Amst)</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Acta psychologica</full-title><abbr-1>Acta Psychol (Amst)</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>412-31</pages><volume>30</volume><edition>1969/01/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>*Mental Processes</keyword><keyword>*Reaction Time</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1969</year></dates><isbn>0001-6918 (Print)
0001-6918 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>5811531</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Donders 1969). Mind-wandering episodes depend to a large extent on processes that are spontaneous rather than those induced directly by the experimenter ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Smallwood</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>106</RecNum><DisplayText>(Smallwood 2013a)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>106</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">106</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Smallwood, J.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Distinguishing how from why the mind wanders: a process-occurence framework for self generated thought</title><secondary-title>Psychological bulletin</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological bulletin</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2013</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Smallwood 2013a), and these changes have few directly observable consequences. The experimental investigation of mind-wandering, therefore, poses a number of specific challenges that must be overcome in order for it to be measured and assessed in a scientific manner.One challenge arises because researchers lack the ability to directly cause the mind to wander. Instead the spontaneous occurrence of mind-wandering means that causal path that links the experience to on-going processes and outcomes is opaque. For example, evidence has demonstrated that poor executive control led to greater mind-wandering during demanding tasks PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NY1ZheTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl
Y051bT44MzwvUmVjTnVtPjxEaXNwbGF5VGV4dD4oTWNWYXkgJmFtcDsgS2FuZSAyMDA5LCBNY1Zh
eSAmYW1wOyBLYW5lIDIwMTEpPC9EaXNwbGF5VGV4dD48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjgzPC9y
ZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0idDBlZXJ0NXRuMHp6
eGhlYXN2OXg1ZXNjdzVhYXh2d2Y1YXI1Ij44Mzwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlw
ZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3PC9yZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRo
b3JzPjxhdXRob3I+TWNWYXksIEouIEMuPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5LYW5lLCBNLiBKLjwvYXV0
aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPkRlcGFydG1lbnQgb2Yg
UHN5Y2hvbG9neSwgVW5pdmVyc2l0eSBvZiBOb3J0aCBDYXJvbGluYSBhdCBHcmVlbnNib3JvLCBH
cmVlbnNib3JvLCBOQyAyNzQwMi02MTcwLCBVU0EuPC9hdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0
bGU+Q29uZHVjdGluZyB0aGUgdHJhaW4gb2YgdGhvdWdodDogd29ya2luZyBtZW1vcnkgY2FwYWNp
dHksIGdvYWwgbmVnbGVjdCwgYW5kIG1pbmQgd2FuZGVyaW5nIGluIGFuIGV4ZWN1dGl2ZS1jb250
cm9sIHRhc2s8L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+Sm91cm5hbCBvZiBleHBlcmltZW50YWwg
cHN5Y2hvbG9neS4gTGVhcm5pbmcsIG1lbW9yeSwgYW5kIGNvZ25pdGlvbjwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRp
dGxlPjxhbHQtdGl0bGU+SiBFeHAgUHN5Y2hvbCBMZWFybiBNZW0gQ29nbjwvYWx0LXRpdGxlPjwv
dGl0bGVzPjxwZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPkpvdXJuYWwgb2YgZXhwZXJpbWVudGFsIHBz
eWNob2xvZ3kuIExlYXJuaW5nLCBtZW1vcnksIGFuZCBjb2duaXRpb248L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFi
YnItMT5KIEV4cCBQc3ljaG9sIExlYXJuIE1lbSBDb2duPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxh
bHQtcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5Kb3VybmFsIG9mIGV4cGVyaW1lbnRhbCBwc3ljaG9s
b2d5LiBMZWFybmluZywgbWVtb3J5LCBhbmQgY29nbml0aW9uPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+
SiBFeHAgUHN5Y2hvbCBMZWFybiBNZW0gQ29nbjwvYWJici0xPjwvYWx0LXBlcmlvZGljYWw+PHBh
Z2VzPjE5Ni0yMDQ8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+MzU8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVyPjE8L251bWJlcj48
ZWRpdGlvbj4yMDA5LzAyLzEzPC9lZGl0aW9uPjxrZXl3b3Jkcz48a2V5d29yZD5BZG9sZXNjZW50
PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkFkdWx0PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkF0dGVudGlvbi8qcGh5
c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5BdHRlbnRpb24gRGVmaWNpdCBEaXNvcmRlciB3aXRo
IEh5cGVyYWN0aXZpdHkvKnBoeXNpb3BhdGhvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5EaXNjcmlt
aW5hdGlvbiBMZWFybmluZy9waHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkV4ZWN1dGl2ZSBG
dW5jdGlvbi8qcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5GZW1hbGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtl
eXdvcmQ+KkdvYWxzPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkh1bWFuczwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5N
YWxlPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk1lbW9yeSwgU2hvcnQtVGVybS8qcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5
d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5Nb2RlbHMsIFN0YXRpc3RpY2FsPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk5ldXJv
cHN5Y2hvbG9naWNhbCBUZXN0czwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5UZWFjaGluZzwva2V5d29yZD48
a2V5d29yZD5UaGlua2luZy8qcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5Zb3VuZyBBZHVs
dDwva2V5d29yZD48L2tleXdvcmRzPjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDA5PC95ZWFyPjxwdWItZGF0ZXM+
PGRhdGU+SmFuPC9kYXRlPjwvcHViLWRhdGVzPjwvZGF0ZXM+PGlzYm4+MTkzOS0xMjg1IChFbGVj
dHJvbmljKSYjeEQ7MDI3OC03MzkzIChMaW5raW5nKTwvaXNibj48YWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT4xOTIx
MDA5MDwvYWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT48d29yay10eXBlPlJlc2VhcmNoIFN1cHBvcnQsIE4uSS5ILiwg
RXh0cmFtdXJhbCYjeEQ7UmVzZWFyY2ggU3VwcG9ydCwgTm9uLVUuUy4gR292JmFwb3M7dDwvd29y
ay10eXBlPjx1cmxzPjxyZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PHVybD5odHRwOi8vd3d3Lm5jYmkubmxtLm5paC5n
b3YvcHVibWVkLzE5MjEwMDkwPC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxzPjxjdXN0b20yPjI3
NTA4MDY8L2N1c3RvbTI+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjEwMzcvYTAwMTQxMDQ8
L2VsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjxsYW5ndWFnZT5lbmc8L2xhbmd1YWdlPjwvcmVjb3Jk
PjwvQ2l0ZT48Q2l0ZT48QXV0aG9yPk1jVmF5PC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMTwvWWVhcj48UmVj
TnVtPjg1PC9SZWNOdW0+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj44NTwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWln
bi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4NWVzY3c1YWF4
dndmNWFyNSI+ODU8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5hbCBB
cnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPk1jVmF5
LCBKLiBDLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+S2FuZSwgTS4gSi48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9j
b250cmlidXRvcnM+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+V2h5IGRvZXMgd29ya2luZyBtZW1vcnkgY2FwYWNp
dHkgcHJlZGljdCB2YXJpYXRpb24gaW4gcmVhZGluZyBjb21wcmVoZW5zaW9uPyBPbiB0aGUgaW5m
bHVlbmNlIG9mIG1pbmQgd2FuZGVyaW5nIGFuZCBleGVjdXRpdmUgYXR0ZW50aW9uPC90aXRsZT48
c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPkpvdXJuYWwgb2YgZXhwZXJpbWVudGFsIHBzeWNob2xvZ3kuIEdlbmVy
YWw8L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48YWx0LXRpdGxlPkogRXhwIFBzeWNob2wgR2VuPC9hbHQtdGl0
bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+Sm91cm5hbCBvZiBleHBlcmltZW50
YWwgcHN5Y2hvbG9neS4gR2VuZXJhbDwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPkogRXhwIFBzeWNob2wg
R2VuPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxhbHQtcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5Kb3Vy
bmFsIG9mIGV4cGVyaW1lbnRhbCBwc3ljaG9sb2d5LiBHZW5lcmFsPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJy
LTE+SiBFeHAgUHN5Y2hvbCBHZW48L2FiYnItMT48L2FsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxlZGl0aW9uPjIw
MTEvMDgvMzE8L2VkaXRpb24+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMTE8L3llYXI+PHB1Yi1kYXRlcz48ZGF0
ZT5BdWcgMjk8L2RhdGU+PC9wdWItZGF0ZXM+PC9kYXRlcz48aXNibj4xOTM5LTIyMjIgKEVsZWN0
cm9uaWMpJiN4RDswMDIyLTEwMTUgKExpbmtpbmcpPC9pc2JuPjxhY2Nlc3Npb24tbnVtPjIxODc1
MjQ2PC9hY2Nlc3Npb24tbnVtPjx1cmxzPjxyZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PHVybD5odHRwOi8vd3d3Lm5j
YmkubmxtLm5paC5nb3YvcHVibWVkLzIxODc1MjQ2PC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxz
PjxlbGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51bT4xMC4xMDM3L2EwMDI1MjUwPC9lbGVjdHJvbmljLXJl
c291cmNlLW51bT48bGFuZ3VhZ2U+RW5nPC9sYW5ndWFnZT48L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PC9FbmRO
b3RlPgB=
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NY1ZheTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (McVay & Kane 2009, McVay & Kane 2011). However, studies have shown that mind-wandering in the context of executive control tasks has a negative influence on performance ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Mrazek</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>91</RecNum><DisplayText>(Mrazek et al 2012a)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>91</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">91</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mrazek, M. D.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Franklin, M. S.</author><author>Chin, J. M.</author><author>Baird, B.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences.</auth-address><titles><title>The role of mind-wandering in measurements of general aptitude</title><secondary-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</secondary-title><alt-title>J Exp Psychol Gen</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</full-title><abbr-1>J Exp Psychol Gen</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</full-title><abbr-1>J Exp Psychol Gen</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>788-98</pages><volume>141</volume><number>4</number><edition>2012/04/04</edition><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1939-2222 (Electronic)
0022-1015 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>22468669</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Mrazek et al 2012a). It is thus unclear whether low executive control causes greater mind-wandering, or greater mind-wandering during span tasks causes lower estimations of control.The covert nature of mind-wandering creates a second challenge to its investigation. Unlike perceptual guided thought which can be assessed directly through its contributions to action, self-generated experiences are fundamentally internal with few external manifestations. Current understanding of the mind-wandering state depends on the experimenter’s capacity to sample experience in an effective and non-biased manner. Box Two describes the different ES approaches that can be used to study mind-wandering.A third challenge arises because mind-wandering is a conscious experience and so can only be verified through self-report. A reliance on introspection, however, means that studies of mind-wandering need to be corroborated by external measures to ensure that the results are not simply a consequence of the limitations of self-report (Schooler & Schreiber, 2004) or the concern that they may indirectly change the quality of the experience ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Smallwood</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>124</RecNum><DisplayText>(Smallwood & Schooler 2006)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>124</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">124</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Psychology Department, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland. j.smallwood@abdn.ac.uk</auth-address><titles><title>The restless mind</title><secondary-title>Psychological bulletin</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychol Bull</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological bulletin</full-title></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological bulletin</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Bull</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>946-58</pages><volume>132</volume><number>6</number><edition>2006/11/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Attention/*physiology</keyword><keyword>Awareness/physiology</keyword><keyword>Goals</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Memory/physiology</keyword><keyword>Mental Processes/physiology</keyword><keyword>Task Performance and Analysis</keyword><keyword>Thinking/*physiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0033-2909 (Print)
0033-2909 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>17073528</accession-num><work-type>Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Review</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>;(Smallwood & Schooler 2006).There are, therefore, at least three conceptual issues that arise in the investigation of mind-wandering: i) the lack of direct experimental control, ii) the covert nature of self-generated-thoughts, and iii) the validity and reactive nature of introspective evidence. Over the last decade advances in the field of mind-wandering have facilitated progress on these issues and Figure One provides a schematic account of how these different techniques might be employed in a laboratory study.Lack of direct experimental control. Although the mind-wandering state cannot be induced as precisely as can external task performance, techniques exist that can influence its occurrence. For example, studies have shown that mind-wandering is closely linked to unhappiness ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Smallwood</Author><Year>2007</Year><RecNum>121</RecNum><DisplayText>(Smallwood et al 2007b)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>121</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">121</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>O'Connor, R. C.</author><author>Sudbery, M. V.</author><author>Obonsawin, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Smallwood, J
Univ Aberdeen, Sch Psychol, Aberdeen AB24 2UB, Scotland
Univ Aberdeen, Sch Psychol, Aberdeen AB24 2UB, Scotland
Univ Aberdeen, Sch Psychol, Aberdeen AB24 2UB, Scotland
Univ Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland
Univ Strathclyde, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland</auth-address><titles><title>Mind-wandering and dysphoria</title><secondary-title>Cognition & Emotion</secondary-title><alt-title>Cognition Emotion</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Cognition & Emotion</full-title><abbr-1>Cognition Emotion</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Cognition & Emotion</full-title><abbr-1>Cognition Emotion</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>816-842</pages><volume>21</volume><number>4</number><keywords><keyword>stimulus-independent thought</keyword><keyword>task unrelated thought</keyword><keyword>cognitive therapy</keyword><keyword>autobiographical memory</keyword><keyword>meta-consciousness</keyword><keyword>mindfulness</keyword><keyword>depression</keyword><keyword>information</keyword><keyword>experience</keyword><keyword>self</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2007</year></dates><isbn>0269-9931</isbn><accession-num>ISI:000248080900007</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url><Go to ISI>://000248080900007</url><url> 10.1080/02699930600911531</electronic-resource-num><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote>(Smallwood et al 2007b) and by exploiting this link research has documented that mood inductions prior to an experimental session can increase the occurrence of the mind-wandering PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA5PC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA5PC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Smallwood et al 2009a, Smallwood & O'Connor 2011) as can the experimental induction of stress ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Vinski</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5552</RecNum><DisplayText>(Engert under revision, Vinski & Watter 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5552</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5552</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Vinski, Melaina T</author><author>Watter, Scott</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Being a grump only makes things worse: a transactional account of acute stress on mind wandering</title><secondary-title>Frontiers in psychology</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Frontiers in psychology</full-title><abbr-1>Front Psychol</abbr-1></periodical><volume>4</volume><dates><year>2013</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Engert</Author><Year>under revision</Year><RecNum>5277</RecNum><record><rec-number>5277</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5277</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Engert, V., Smallwood, J. & Singer, T.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Mind your thoughts when stressed</title><secondary-title>Biological Psychology</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Biological Psychology</full-title><abbr-1>Biol Psychol</abbr-1></periodical><dates><year>under revision</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Engert under revision, Vinski & Watter 2013) (see sub panel in Figure One). Other work has found that states of craving or intoxication through alcohol, increase mind-wandering PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TYXlldHRlPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMjwvWWVhcj48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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TYXlldHRlPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMjwvWWVhcj48
UmVjTnVtPjUwMjk8L1JlY051bT48RGlzcGxheVRleHQ+KFNheWV0dGUgZXQgYWwgMjAxMiwgU2F5
ZXR0ZSBldCBhbCAyMDEwKTwvRGlzcGxheVRleHQ+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj41MDI5PC9y
ZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0idDBlZXJ0NXRuMHp6
eGhlYXN2OXg1ZXNjdzVhYXh2d2Y1YXI1Ij41MDI5PC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10
eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1
dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5TYXlldHRlLCBNLiBBLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+RGltb2ZmLCBKLiBE
LjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+TGV2aW5lLCBKLiBNLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+TW9yZWxhbmQs
IFIuIEwuPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5Wb3RydWJhLURyemFsLCBFLjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9y
cz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPkRlcGFydG1lbnQgb2YgUHN5Y2hvbG9neSwg
VW5pdmVyc2l0eSBvZiBQaXR0c2J1cmdoLCBQaXR0c2J1cmdoLCBQQSAxNTI2MCwgVVNBLiBzYXll
dHRlQHBpdHQuZWR1PC9hdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+VGhlIGVmZmVjdHMgb2Yg
YWxjb2hvbCBhbmQgZG9zYWdlLXNldCBvbiByaXNrLXNlZWtpbmcgYmVoYXZpb3IgaW4gZ3JvdXBz
IGFuZCBpbmRpdmlkdWFsczwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5Qc3ljaG9sIEFkZGljdCBC
ZWhhdjwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjxhbHQtdGl0bGU+UHN5Y2hvbG9neSBvZiBhZGRpY3RpdmUg
YmVoYXZpb3JzIDogam91cm5hbCBvZiB0aGUgU29jaWV0eSBvZiBQc3ljaG9sb2dpc3RzIGluIEFk
ZGljdGl2ZSBCZWhhdmlvcnM8L2FsdC10aXRsZT48L3RpdGxlcz48cGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10
aXRsZT5Qc3ljaG9sIEFkZGljdCBCZWhhdjwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPlBzeWNob2xvZ3kg
b2YgYWRkaWN0aXZlIGJlaGF2aW9ycyA6IGpvdXJuYWwgb2YgdGhlIFNvY2lldHkgb2YgUHN5Y2hv
bG9naXN0cyBpbiBBZGRpY3RpdmUgQmVoYXZpb3JzPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxhbHQt
cGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5Qc3ljaG9sIEFkZGljdCBCZWhhdjwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48
YWJici0xPlBzeWNob2xvZ3kgb2YgYWRkaWN0aXZlIGJlaGF2aW9ycyA6IGpvdXJuYWwgb2YgdGhl
IFNvY2lldHkgb2YgUHN5Y2hvbG9naXN0cyBpbiBBZGRpY3RpdmUgQmVoYXZpb3JzPC9hYmJyLTE+
PC9hbHQtcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48cGFnZXM+MTk0LTIwMDwvcGFnZXM+PHZvbHVtZT4yNjwvdm9sdW1l
PjxudW1iZXI+MjwvbnVtYmVyPjxlZGl0aW9uPjIwMTEvMDYvMDc8L2VkaXRpb24+PGtleXdvcmRz
PjxrZXl3b3JkPkFkdWx0PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkFsY29ob2wgRHJpbmtpbmcvKnBzeWNo
b2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QWxjb2hvbGljIEludG94aWNhdGlvbi8qcHN5Y2hvbG9n
eTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5DZW50cmFsIE5lcnZvdXMgU3lzdGVtIERlcHJlc3NhbnRzL2Fk
bWluaXN0cmF0aW9uICZhbXA7IGRvc2FnZS9ibG9vZC8qcGhhcm1hY29sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxr
ZXl3b3JkPkRlY2lzaW9uIE1ha2luZy8qZHJ1ZyBlZmZlY3RzPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkRv
c2UtUmVzcG9uc2UgUmVsYXRpb25zaGlwLCBEcnVnPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkV0aGFub2wv
YWRtaW5pc3RyYXRpb24gJmFtcDsgZG9zYWdlL2Jsb29kLypwaGFybWFjb2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+
PGtleXdvcmQ+RmVtYWxlPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPipHcm91cCBQcm9jZXNzZXM8L2tleXdv
cmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+SHVtYW5zPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk1hbGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdv
cmQ+UGxhY2Vib3M8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+UXVlc3Rpb25uYWlyZXM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtl
eXdvcmQ+KlJpc2stVGFraW5nPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPllvdW5nIEFkdWx0PC9rZXl3b3Jk
Pjwva2V5d29yZHM+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMTI8L3llYXI+PHB1Yi1kYXRlcz48ZGF0ZT5KdW48
L2RhdGU+PC9wdWItZGF0ZXM+PC9kYXRlcz48aXNibj4xOTM5LTE1MDEgKEVsZWN0cm9uaWMpJiN4
RDswODkzLTE2NFggKExpbmtpbmcpPC9pc2JuPjxhY2Nlc3Npb24tbnVtPjIxNjM5NTk2PC9hY2Nl
c3Npb24tbnVtPjx3b3JrLXR5cGU+UmFuZG9taXplZCBDb250cm9sbGVkIFRyaWFsJiN4RDtSZXNl
YXJjaCBTdXBwb3J0LCBOLkkuSC4sIEV4dHJhbXVyYWw8L3dvcmstdHlwZT48dXJscz48cmVsYXRl
ZC11cmxzPjx1cmw+aHR0cDovL3d3dy5uY2JpLm5sbS5uaWguZ292L3B1Ym1lZC8yMTYzOTU5Njwv
dXJsPjwvcmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjwvdXJscz48Y3VzdG9tMj4zMTk2NzM1PC9jdXN0b20yPjxlbGVj
dHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51bT4xMC4xMDM3L2EwMDIzOTAzPC9lbGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNl
LW51bT48bGFuZ3VhZ2U+ZW5nPC9sYW5ndWFnZT48L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhv
cj5TYXlldHRlPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMDwvWWVhcj48UmVjTnVtPjQ0Nzk8L1JlY051bT48
cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjQ0Nzk8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFw
cD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJ0MGVlcnQ1dG4wenp4aGVhc3Y5eDVlc2N3NWFheHZ3ZjVhcjUiPjQ0Nzk8
L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xlIj4xNzwv
cmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPlNheWV0dGUsIE0uIEEuPC9h
dXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5TY2hvb2xlciwgSi4gVy48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPlJlaWNobGUsIEUu
IEQuPC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+VW5pdmVy
c2l0eSBvZiBQaXR0c2J1cmdoLCBQaXR0c2J1cmdoLCBQQSAxNTI2MCwgVVNBLiBzYXlldHRlQHBp
dHQuZWR1PC9hdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+T3V0IGZvciBhIHNtb2tlOiB0aGUg
aW1wYWN0IG9mIGNpZ2FyZXR0ZSBjcmF2aW5nIG9uIHpvbmluZyBvdXQgZHVyaW5nIHJlYWRpbmc8
L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+UHN5Y2hvbG9naWNhbCBzY2llbmNlPC9zZWNvbmRhcnkt
dGl0bGU+PGFsdC10aXRsZT5Qc3ljaG9sb2dpY2FsIHNjaWVuY2U8L2FsdC10aXRsZT48L3RpdGxl
cz48cGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5Qc3ljaG9sb2dpY2FsIHNjaWVuY2U8L2Z1bGwtdGl0
bGU+PGFiYnItMT5Qc3ljaG9sIFNjaTwvYWJici0xPjwvcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48YWx0LXBlcmlvZGlj
YWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+UHN5Y2hvbG9naWNhbCBzY2llbmNlPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+
UHN5Y2hvbCBTY2k8L2FiYnItMT48L2FsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxwYWdlcz4yNi0zMDwvcGFnZXM+
PHZvbHVtZT4yMTwvdm9sdW1lPjxudW1iZXI+MTwvbnVtYmVyPjxlZGl0aW9uPjIwMTAvMDQvMjk8
L2VkaXRpb24+PGtleXdvcmRzPjxrZXl3b3JkPkFkb2xlc2NlbnQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+
QWR1bHQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QXR0ZW50aW9uLypkcnVnIGVmZmVjdHM8L2tleXdvcmQ+
PGtleXdvcmQ+QXdhcmVuZXNzLypkcnVnIGVmZmVjdHM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+Q29tcHJl
aGVuc2lvbi9kcnVnIGVmZmVjdHM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+RmVtYWxlPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxr
ZXl3b3JkPkh1bWFuczwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5NYWxlPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk1p
ZGRsZSBBZ2VkPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk1vdGl2YXRpb24vKmRydWcgZWZmZWN0czwva2V5
d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5OaWNvdGluZS8qYWR2ZXJzZSBlZmZlY3RzPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3Jk
PipSZWFkaW5nPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPlNtb2tpbmcvKnBzeWNob2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+
PGtleXdvcmQ+U3Vic3RhbmNlIFdpdGhkcmF3YWwgU3luZHJvbWUvKnBzeWNob2xvZ3k8L2tleXdv
cmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+VG9iYWNjbyBVc2UgRGlzb3JkZXIvKnBzeWNob2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtl
eXdvcmQ+WW91bmcgQWR1bHQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PC9rZXl3b3Jkcz48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAxMDwv
eWVhcj48cHViLWRhdGVzPjxkYXRlPkphbjwvZGF0ZT48L3B1Yi1kYXRlcz48L2RhdGVzPjxpc2Ju
PjE0NjctOTI4MCAoRWxlY3Ryb25pYykmI3hEOzA5NTYtNzk3NiAoTGlua2luZyk8L2lzYm4+PGFj
Y2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+MjA0MjQwMTg8L2FjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48
dXJsPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cubmNiaS5ubG0ubmloLmdvdi9wdWJtZWQvMjA0MjQwMTg8L3VybD48L3Jl
bGF0ZWQtdXJscz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjExNzcvMDk1Njc5
NzYwOTM1NDA1OTwvZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+PGxhbmd1YWdlPmVuZzwvbGFuZ3Vh
Z2U+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjwvRW5kTm90ZT5=
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Sayette et al 2012, Sayette et al 2010). Finally studies have documented that engaging in meditative practice can help to reduce the minds tendency to wander PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Nb3JyaXNvbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Nb3JyaXNvbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Morrison et al 2013, Mrazek et al 2013a).It is also possible to manipulate mind-wandering by varying the demands of an on-going task. A greater dependence on controlled processing PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NYXNvbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDc8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NYXNvbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDc8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Mason et al 2007, Teasdale et al 1995) and elevated perceptual input PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Gb3JzdGVyPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAwOTwvWWVhcj48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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Gb3JzdGVyPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAwOTwvWWVhcj48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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Forster & Lavie 2009, Levinson et al 2012), faster stimulus demands and greater financial rewards reduce mind-wandering ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Antrobus</Author><Year>1966</Year><RecNum>5297</RecNum><DisplayText>(Antrobus et al 1966)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5297</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5297</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Antrobus, J. S.</author><author>Singer, J. L.</author><author>Greenber.S</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Studies in Stream of Consciousness - Experimental Enhancement and Suppression of Spontaneous Cognitive Processes</title><secondary-title>Perceptual and Motor Skills</secondary-title><alt-title>Percept Motor Skill</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Perceptual and Motor Skills</full-title><abbr-1>Percept Motor Skill</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Perceptual and Motor Skills</full-title><abbr-1>Percept Motor Skill</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>399-&</pages><volume>23</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>1966</year></dates><isbn>0031-5125</isbn><accession-num>ISI:A19668421600011</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url><Go to ISI>://A19668421600011</url></related-urls></urls><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote>(Antrobus et al 1966). One common approach is to vary between a choice reaction time task and a working memory task PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA5PC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA5PC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Smallwood et al 2009b). This paradigm holds perceptual input constant and manipulates the extent to which participants have to encode the stimulus, leads to less task-unrelated-thoughts in the working memory task (see sub panel Figure One).Thus, although the mind-wandering state cannot be directly manipulated, by altering a person’s psychological state, or varying the complexity of an on-going task it is possible to gain experimental control over the experience. These manipulations are critical in understanding the nature of the mind-wandering state because they provide boundary conditions that inform our understanding of the functions of the state.The covert nature of the mind-wandering state. To measure mind-wandering researchers employ ES to document when and under what conditions the experience occurred. These approaches are invaluable in illuminating the content of the experiences themselves, however, because they are subjective they are also difficult to verify objectively. One solution is to combine it subjective and objective indices of cognitive function ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Schooler</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>338</RecNum><DisplayText>(Schooler & Schreiber 2004)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>338</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">338</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Schooler, J. W.</author><author>Schreiber, C. A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Schooler, JW
Univ British Columbia, Dept Psychol, 2136 W Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
Univ British Columbia, Dept Psychol, 2136 W Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
Univ British Columbia, Dept Psychol, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada</auth-address><titles><title>Experience, meta-consciousness, and the paradox of introspection</title><secondary-title>Journal of Consciousness Studies</secondary-title><alt-title>J Consciousness Stud</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Consciousness Studies</full-title><abbr-1>J Consciousness Stud</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Journal of Consciousness Studies</full-title><abbr-1>J Consciousness Stud</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>17-39</pages><volume>11</volume><number>7-8</number><keywords><keyword>task unrelated thought</keyword><keyword>retrospective evaluations</keyword><keyword>theoretical framework</keyword><keyword>perceptual expertise</keyword><keyword>image generation</keyword><keyword>pain</keyword><keyword>duration</keyword><keyword>emotion</keyword><keyword>recognition</keyword><keyword>psychology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2004</year><pub-dates><date>Jul-Aug</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1355-8250</isbn><accession-num>ISI:000223896200003</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url><Go to ISI>://000223896200003</url></related-urls></urls><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote>(Schooler & Schreiber 2004) and identify the variance common to both. Studies have found that greater behavioural variability is characteristic of the mind-wandering state PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5DYXJyaWVyZTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDg8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5DYXJyaWVyZTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDg8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Carriere et al 2008, Cheyne et al 2006, Cheyne et al 2011, McVay & Kane 2009), including physical posture PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5DYXJyaWVyZTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+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==
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5DYXJyaWVyZTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+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==
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Carriere et al 2013, Seli et al 2013a). Mind-wandering is also lined to divergent eye movements PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Gb3Vsc2hhbTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Gb3Vsc2hhbTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Foulsham et al 2013, Reichle et al 2010), greater pupil dilation PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GcmFua2xpbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+
PFJlY051bT41NDkzPC9SZWNOdW0+PERpc3BsYXlUZXh0PihGcmFua2xpbiBldCBhbCAyMDEzYSwg
U21hbGx3b29kIGV0IGFsIDIwMTIsIFNtYWxsd29vZCBldCBhbCAyMDExYik8L0Rpc3BsYXlUZXh0
PjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+NTQ5MzwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkg
YXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+NTQ5
Mzwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3
PC9yZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+RnJhbmtsaW4sIE0uIFMu
PC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5Ccm9hZHdheSwgSi4gTS48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPk1yYXplaywg
TS4gRC48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPlNtYWxsd29vZCwgSi48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPlNjaG9v
bGVyLCBKLiBXLjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aC1hZGRyZXNz
PmEgRGVwYXJ0bWVudCBvZiBQc3ljaG9sb2dpY2FsIGFuZCBCcmFpbiBTY2llbmNlcyAsIFVuaXZl
cnNpdHkgb2YgQ2FsaWZvcm5pYSAsIFNhbnRhIEJhcmJhcmEgLCBDQSAsIFVTQS48L2F1dGgtYWRk
cmVzcz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5XaW5kb3cgdG8gdGhlIHdhbmRlcmluZyBtaW5kOiBwdXBpbGxv
bWV0cnkgb2Ygc3BvbnRhbmVvdXMgdGhvdWdodCB3aGlsZSByZWFkaW5nPC90aXRsZT48c2Vjb25k
YXJ5LXRpdGxlPlEgSiBFeHAgUHN5Y2hvbCAoSG92ZSk8L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48L3RpdGxl
cz48cGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5RIEogRXhwIFBzeWNob2wgKEhvdmUpPC9mdWxsLXRp
dGxlPjwvcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48cGFnZXM+MjI4OS05NDwvcGFnZXM+PHZvbHVtZT42Njwvdm9sdW1l
PjxudW1iZXI+MTI8L251bWJlcj48ZWRpdGlvbj4yMDEzLzEyLzEwPC9lZGl0aW9uPjxkYXRlcz48
eWVhcj4yMDEzPC95ZWFyPjwvZGF0ZXM+PGlzYm4+MTc0Ny0wMjI2IChFbGVjdHJvbmljKSYjeEQ7
MTc0Ny0wMjE4IChMaW5raW5nKTwvaXNibj48YWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT4yNDMxMzI4NTwvYWNjZXNz
aW9uLW51bT48d29yay10eXBlPlJlc2VhcmNoIFN1cHBvcnQsIFUuUy4gR292JmFwb3M7dCwgTm9u
LVAuSC5TLjwvd29yay10eXBlPjx1cmxzPjxyZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PHVybD5odHRwOi8vd3d3Lm5j
YmkubmxtLm5paC5nb3YvcHVibWVkLzI0MzEzMjg1PC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxz
PjxlbGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51bT4xMC4xMDgwLzE3NDcwMjE4LjIwMTMuODU4MTcwPC9l
bGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51bT48bGFuZ3VhZ2U+ZW5nPC9sYW5ndWFnZT48L3JlY29yZD48
L0NpdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEyPC9ZZWFyPjxS
ZWNOdW0+NTAwODwvUmVjTnVtPjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+NTAwODwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48
Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4NWVz
Y3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+NTAwODwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJK
b3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3PC9yZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRo
b3I+U21hbGx3b29kLCBKLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+QnJvd24sIEsuIFMuPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1
dGhvcj5CYWlyZCwgQi48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPk1yYXplaywgTS4gRC48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0
aG9yPkZyYW5rbGluLCBNLiBTLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+U2Nob29sZXIsIEouIFcuPC9hdXRo
b3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+RGVwYXJ0bWVudCBvZiBT
b2NpYWwgTmV1cm9zY2llbmNlLCBNYXggUGxhbmNrIEluc3RpdHV0ZSBmb3IgSHVtYW4gQ29nbml0
aXZlIEJyYWluIFNjaWVuY2VzLCBMZWlwemlnLCBHZXJtYW55LiBzbWFsbHdvb2RAY2JzLm1wZy5k
ZTwvYXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPkluc3VsYXRpb24gZm9yIGRheWRyZWFtczog
YSByb2xlIGZvciB0b25pYyBub3JlcGluZXBocmluZSBpbiB0aGUgZmFjaWxpdGF0aW9uIG9mIGlu
dGVybmFsbHkgZ3VpZGVkIHRob3VnaHQ8L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+UGxvUyBvbmU8
L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48YWx0LXRpdGxlPlBsb1Mgb25lPC9hbHQtdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+
PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+UGxvUyBvbmU8L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5QTG9T
IE9uZTwvYWJici0xPjwvcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48YWx0LXBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+UGxv
UyBvbmU8L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5QTG9TIE9uZTwvYWJici0xPjwvYWx0LXBlcmlvZGlj
YWw+PHBhZ2VzPmUzMzcwNjwvcGFnZXM+PHZvbHVtZT43PC92b2x1bWU+PG51bWJlcj40PC9udW1i
ZXI+PGVkaXRpb24+MjAxMi8wNC8xMjwvZWRpdGlvbj48a2V5d29yZHM+PGtleXdvcmQ+QWRvbGVz
Y2VudDwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5BdHRlbnRpb24vKnBoeXNpb2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtl
eXdvcmQ+Q29nbml0aW9uLypwaHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkNvbnNjaW91c25l
c3MvcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD4qRmFudGFzeTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29y
ZD5IdW1hbnM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TWFsZTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5Ob3JlcGlu
ZXBocmluZS9waHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPlJlYWN0aW9uIFRpbWUvcGh5c2lv
bG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5UYXNrIFBlcmZvcm1hbmNlIGFuZCBBbmFseXNpczwva2V5
d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5UaGlua2luZy8qcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5Zb3Vu
ZyBBZHVsdDwva2V5d29yZD48L2tleXdvcmRzPjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDEyPC95ZWFyPjwvZGF0
ZXM+PGlzYm4+MTkzMi02MjAzIChFbGVjdHJvbmljKSYjeEQ7MTkzMi02MjAzIChMaW5raW5nKTwv
aXNibj48YWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT4yMjQ5MzY3MjwvYWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT48d29yay10eXBlPlJl
c2VhcmNoIFN1cHBvcnQsIFUuUy4gR292JmFwb3M7dCwgTm9uLVAuSC5TLjwvd29yay10eXBlPjx1
cmxzPjxyZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PHVybD5odHRwOi8vd3d3Lm5jYmkubmxtLm5paC5nb3YvcHVibWVk
LzIyNDkzNjcyPC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxzPjxjdXN0b20yPjMzMjA4OTA8L2N1
c3RvbTI+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjEzNzEvam91cm5hbC5wb25lLjAwMzM3
MDY8L2VsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjxsYW5ndWFnZT5lbmc8L2xhbmd1YWdlPjwvcmVj
b3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48Q2l0ZT48QXV0aG9yPlNtYWxsd29vZDwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTE8L1ll
YXI+PFJlY051bT4xMTA8L1JlY051bT48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjExMDwvcmVjLW51bWJl
cj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4
NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+MTEwPC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9
IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1
dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2QsIEouPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5Ccm93biwgSy4gUy48L2F1dGhvcj48
YXV0aG9yPlRpcHBlciwgQy48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkdpZXNicmVjaHQsIEIuPC9hdXRob3I+
PGF1dGhvcj5GcmFua2xpbiwgTS4gUy48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPk1yYXplaywgTS4gRC48L2F1
dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkNhcmxzb24sIEouIE0uPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5TY2hvb2xlciwgSi4g
Vy48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGgtYWRkcmVzcz5EZXBhcnRt
ZW50IG9mIFNvY2lhbCBOZXVyb3NjaWVuY2UsIE1heCBQbGFuY2sgSW5zdGl0dXRlIGZvciBIdW1h
biBDb2duaXRpdmUgYW5kIEJyYWluIFNjaWVuY2VzLCBMZWlwemlnLCBHZXJtYW55LiBzbWFsbHdv
b2RAY2JzLm1wZy5kZTwvYXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPlB1cGlsbG9tZXRyaWMg
ZXZpZGVuY2UgZm9yIHRoZSBkZWNvdXBsaW5nIG9mIGF0dGVudGlvbiBmcm9tIHBlcmNlcHR1YWwg
aW5wdXQgZHVyaW5nIG9mZmxpbmUgdGhvdWdodDwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5QbG9T
IG9uZTwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjxhbHQtdGl0bGU+UExvUyBPbmU8L2FsdC10aXRsZT48L3Rp
dGxlcz48cGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5QbG9TIG9uZTwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0x
PlBMb1MgT25lPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxhbHQtcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRs
ZT5QbG9TIG9uZTwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPlBMb1MgT25lPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9hbHQtcGVy
aW9kaWNhbD48cGFnZXM+ZTE4Mjk4PC9wYWdlcz48dm9sdW1lPjY8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVyPjM8
L251bWJlcj48ZWRpdGlvbj4yMDExLzA0LzA2PC9lZGl0aW9uPjxrZXl3b3Jkcz48a2V5d29yZD5B
ZG9sZXNjZW50PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkF0dGVudGlvbi8qcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29y
ZD48a2V5d29yZD5DaG9pY2UgQmVoYXZpb3IvcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5F
dm9rZWQgUG90ZW50aWFscy9waHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkZlbWFsZTwva2V5
d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5IdW1hbnM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TWFsZTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5
d29yZD5NZW1vcnksIFNob3J0LVRlcm0vcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5Nb2Rl
bHMsIFBzeWNob2xvZ2ljYWw8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TW90b3IgQWN0aXZpdHkvcGh5c2lv
bG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5QZXJjZXB0aW9uLypwaHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxr
ZXl3b3JkPlB1cGlsLypwaHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPlJlYWN0aW9uIFRpbWUv
cGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5UYXNrIFBlcmZvcm1hbmNlIGFuZCBBbmFseXNp
czwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5UaGlua2luZy8qcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29y
ZD5Zb3VuZyBBZHVsdDwva2V5d29yZD48L2tleXdvcmRzPjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDExPC95ZWFy
PjwvZGF0ZXM+PGlzYm4+MTkzMi02MjAzIChFbGVjdHJvbmljKSYjeEQ7MTkzMi02MjAzIChMaW5r
aW5nKTwvaXNibj48YWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT4yMTQ2NDk2OTwvYWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT48d29yay10
eXBlPlJlc2VhcmNoIFN1cHBvcnQsIE5vbi1VLlMuIEdvdiZhcG9zO3Q8L3dvcmstdHlwZT48dXJs
cz48cmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjx1cmw+aHR0cDovL3d3dy5uY2JpLm5sbS5uaWguZ292L3B1Ym1lZC8y
MTQ2NDk2OTwvdXJsPjx1cmw+aHR0cDovL3d3dy5wbG9zb25lLm9yZy9hcnRpY2xlL2ZldGNoT2Jq
ZWN0LmFjdGlvbj91cmk9aW5mbyUzQWRvaSUyRjEwLjEzNzElMkZqb3VybmFsLnBvbmUuMDAxODI5
OCZhbXA7cmVwcmVzZW50YXRpb249UERGPC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxzPjxjdXN0
b20yPjMwNjQ2Njk8L2N1c3RvbTI+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjEzNzEvam91
cm5hbC5wb25lLjAwMTgyOTg8L2VsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjxsYW5ndWFnZT5lbmc8
L2xhbmd1YWdlPjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48L0VuZE5vdGU+AG==
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GcmFua2xpbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Franklin et al 2013a, Smallwood et al 2012, Smallwood et al 2011b), more frequent eye blinks ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Smilek</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>5543</RecNum><DisplayText>(Smilek et al 2010)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5543</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5543</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Smilek, Daniel</author><author>Carriere, Jonathan SA</author><author>Cheyne, J Allan</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Out of mind, out of sight eye blinking as indicator and embodiment of mind wandering</title><secondary-title>Psychological science</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></periodical><pages>786-789</pages><volume>21</volume><number>6</number><dates><year>2010</year></dates><isbn>0956-7976</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Smilek et al 2010), changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG) PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CYXJyb248L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFyPjxS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 EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CYXJyb248L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFyPjxS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 EN.CITE.DATA (Barron et al 2011, Kam et al 2011, Smallwood et al 2008a) and fMRI PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbGxlbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbGxlbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Allen et al 2013, Christoff et al 2009, Stawarczyk et al 2011a). At the neural level multi-voxel pattern analysis has been able to predict subjective reports of the content of thought at rest based on task based examples of the same types of thought ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Tusche</Author><Year>under revision</Year><RecNum>5288</RecNum><DisplayText>(Tusche under revision)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5288</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5288</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tusche, A, smallwood, J., Bernhardt, B & Singer, T.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Classifying the wandering mind</title><secondary-title>Neuroimage</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>NeuroImage</full-title><abbr-1>NeuroImage</abbr-1></periodical><dates><year>under revision</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Tusche under revision). These verify the subjective measures and allow different cognitive and neural accounts of the mind-wandering experience to be tested. They also raise the possibility that indirect markers for mind-wandering could ultimately be used to detect the occurrence of mind-wandering without interrupting the participants.The influence of measurement on the mind-wandering state. Although ES is an invaluable tool in the study of mind-wandering, it also carries the risk that introspection changes the nature of the state that is being assessed. Online ES alerts the participant to the key dependent measure of the experiment and by periodically disrupting the on-going task disrupts the natural dynamics of both task performance and of the experience itself. Finally, because introspection has the potential to change the psychological meaning of an event, ES could also actually alter the quality of the experience itself.One solution is to acquire self-report data after participants have completed an experimental session. Although this measure necessarily depends on memory, it allows the collection of data without artificial disruptions and is useful because by preserving the integrity of time course data, it allows temporal properties in objective measures to be related to ES data. Retrospective indicators of self-generated-thought have been related to the dynamical changes that occur in the time-series data derived from pupilometry PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEyPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEyPC9ZZWFy
PjxSZWNOdW0+NTAwODwvUmVjTnVtPjxEaXNwbGF5VGV4dD4oU21hbGx3b29kIGV0IGFsIDIwMTIp
PC9EaXNwbGF5VGV4dD48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjUwMDg8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVp
Z24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJ0MGVlcnQ1dG4wenp4aGVhc3Y5eDVlc2N3NWFh
eHZ3ZjVhcjUiPjUwMDg8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5h
bCBBcnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPlNt
YWxsd29vZCwgSi48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkJyb3duLCBLLiBTLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+
QmFpcmQsIEIuPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5NcmF6ZWssIE0uIEQuPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5G
cmFua2xpbiwgTS4gUy48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPlNjaG9vbGVyLCBKLiBXLjwvYXV0aG9yPjwv
YXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPkRlcGFydG1lbnQgb2YgU29jaWFs
IE5ldXJvc2NpZW5jZSwgTWF4IFBsYW5jayBJbnN0aXR1dGUgZm9yIEh1bWFuIENvZ25pdGl2ZSBC
cmFpbiBTY2llbmNlcywgTGVpcHppZywgR2VybWFueS4gc21hbGx3b29kQGNicy5tcGcuZGU8L2F1
dGgtYWRkcmVzcz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5JbnN1bGF0aW9uIGZvciBkYXlkcmVhbXM6IGEgcm9s
ZSBmb3IgdG9uaWMgbm9yZXBpbmVwaHJpbmUgaW4gdGhlIGZhY2lsaXRhdGlvbiBvZiBpbnRlcm5h
bGx5IGd1aWRlZCB0aG91Z2h0PC90aXRsZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPlBsb1Mgb25lPC9zZWNv
bmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PGFsdC10aXRsZT5QbG9TIG9uZTwvYWx0LXRpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVzPjxwZXJp
b2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPlBsb1Mgb25lPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+UExvUyBPbmU8
L2FiYnItMT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PGFsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPlBsb1Mgb25l
PC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+UExvUyBPbmU8L2FiYnItMT48L2FsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxw
YWdlcz5lMzM3MDY8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+Nzwvdm9sdW1lPjxudW1iZXI+NDwvbnVtYmVyPjxl
ZGl0aW9uPjIwMTIvMDQvMTI8L2VkaXRpb24+PGtleXdvcmRzPjxrZXl3b3JkPkFkb2xlc2NlbnQ8
L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QXR0ZW50aW9uLypwaHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3Jk
PkNvZ25pdGlvbi8qcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5Db25zY2lvdXNuZXNzL3Bo
eXNpb2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+KkZhbnRhc3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+SHVt
YW5zPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk1hbGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+Tm9yZXBpbmVwaHJp
bmUvcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5SZWFjdGlvbiBUaW1lL3BoeXNpb2xvZ3k8
L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+VGFzayBQZXJmb3JtYW5jZSBhbmQgQW5hbHlzaXM8L2tleXdvcmQ+
PGtleXdvcmQ+VGhpbmtpbmcvKnBoeXNpb2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+WW91bmcgQWR1
bHQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PC9rZXl3b3Jkcz48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAxMjwveWVhcj48L2RhdGVzPjxp
c2JuPjE5MzItNjIwMyAoRWxlY3Ryb25pYykmI3hEOzE5MzItNjIwMyAoTGlua2luZyk8L2lzYm4+
PGFjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+MjI0OTM2NzI8L2FjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+PHdvcmstdHlwZT5SZXNlYXJj
aCBTdXBwb3J0LCBVLlMuIEdvdiZhcG9zO3QsIE5vbi1QLkguUy48L3dvcmstdHlwZT48dXJscz48
cmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjx1cmw+aHR0cDovL3d3dy5uY2JpLm5sbS5uaWguZ292L3B1Ym1lZC8yMjQ5
MzY3MjwvdXJsPjwvcmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjwvdXJscz48Y3VzdG9tMj4zMzIwODkwPC9jdXN0b20y
PjxlbGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51bT4xMC4xMzcxL2pvdXJuYWwucG9uZS4wMDMzNzA2PC9l
bGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51bT48bGFuZ3VhZ2U+ZW5nPC9sYW5ndWFnZT48L3JlY29yZD48
L0NpdGU+PC9FbmROb3RlPn==
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Smallwood et al 2012), the EEG ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Barron</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><DisplayText>(Barron et al 2011)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Barron, E.</author><author>Riby, L. M.</author><author>Greer, J.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Psychology, Northumbria University, Leipzig, Germany.</auth-address><titles><title>Absorbed in thought: the effect of mind wandering on the processing of relevant and irrelevant events</title><secondary-title>Psychological science</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychol Sci</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>596-601</pages><volume>22</volume><number>5</number><edition>2011/04/05</edition><dates><year>2011</year><pub-dates><date>May</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1467-9280 (Electronic)
0956-7976 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>21460338</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Barron et al 2011), and the BOLD signal at rest ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Gorgolewski</Author><Year>under review</Year><RecNum>404</RecNum><DisplayText>(Gorgolewski under review)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>404</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">404</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Gorgolewski, K., Lurie, D, Craddock, C, Millham, M, Margulies, D.M & Smallwood, K.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Correspondence between the brains functional architecture and the quality and form of self-generated thoughts.</title><secondary-title>PLoS ONE</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>PloS one</full-title><abbr-1>PLoS One</abbr-1></periodical><dates><year>under review</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Gorgolewski under review).3. PhenomenologyResearch over the last fifteen years has made progress on understanding the phenomenological aspects of mind-wandering. Studies have explored the form and content of the self-generated-thoughts that occur during mind-wandering, revealing that it is often an eclectic mixture of thoughts regarding the future and memories from the past, usually with personal relevance. Research has also focused on the relationship between mind-wandering and meta-awareness; i.e. individuals explicit awareness of the current contents of thought. This work has shown that often individuals fail to notice that their minds have wandered, and a lack of meta-awareness is often associated with more pronounced indicators of the state.The content of self-generated-thoughtIntrospective evidence suggests that the different forms that the mind-wandering experience can take are limited primarily by the scope of an individual’s imagination. Despite the eclectic mixture of mental contents that occupy our minds when they wander, research exploring its content has demonstrated a number of general principles upon which this complexity can be understood.Inspired by work on mental time travel ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Tulving</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>5040</RecNum><DisplayText>(Tulving 2002)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5040</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5040</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tulving, E.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Rotman Research Institute of Baycrest Centre, Toronto, Canada. tulving@psych.utoronto.ca</auth-address><titles><title>Episodic memory: from mind to brain</title><secondary-title>Annual review of psychology</secondary-title><alt-title>Annual review of psychology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Annual review of psychology</full-title><abbr-1>Annu Rev Psychol</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Annual review of psychology</full-title><abbr-1>Annu Rev Psychol</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1-25</pages><volume>53</volume><edition>2001/12/26</edition><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Amnesia/etiology</keyword><keyword>Brain/metabolism/*physiology</keyword><keyword>Brain Injuries/complications</keyword><keyword>Cognition/physiology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Memory/*physiology</keyword><keyword>Psychophysiology</keyword><keyword>Semantics</keyword><keyword>Severity of Illness Index</keyword><keyword>Tomography, Emission-Computed</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year></dates><isbn>0066-4308 (Print)
0066-4308 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>11752477</accession-num><work-type>Case Reports</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>;(Tulving 2002), research has shown that mind-wandering about the past and future has distinct psychological correlates. Studies have documented a bias towards thinking about the future in both the laboratory and in daily life, and across a range of different countries including China ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Song</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>138</RecNum><DisplayText>(Song & Wang 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>138</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">138</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Song, X.</author><author>Wang, X.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China. xlsong@</auth-address><titles><title>Mind wandering in Chinese daily lives--an experience sampling study</title><secondary-title>PloS one</secondary-title><alt-title>PLoS One</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>PloS one</full-title><abbr-1>PLoS One</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>PloS one</full-title><abbr-1>PLoS One</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>e44423</pages><volume>7</volume><number>9</number><edition>2012/09/08</edition><dates><year>2012</year></dates><isbn>1932-6203 (Electronic)
1932-6203 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>22957071</accession-num><work-type>Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>;(Song & Wang 2012), Japan ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Iijima</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>5290</RecNum><DisplayText>(Iijima & Tanno 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5290</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5290</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Iijima, Yudai</author><author>Tanno, Yoshihiko</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>[The effect of cognitive load on the temporal focus of mind wandering]</title><secondary-title>Shinrigaku kenkyu: The Japanese journal of psychology</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Shinrigaku kenkyu: The Japanese journal of psychology</full-title></periodical><pages>232-236</pages><volume>83</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2012</year></dates><isbn>0021-5236</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Iijima & Tanno 2012), the US PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Baird et al 2011, Smallwood et al 2011b), the UK PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA5PC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA5PC9ZZWFy
PjxSZWNOdW0+MTE4PC9SZWNOdW0+PERpc3BsYXlUZXh0PihTbWFsbHdvb2QgZXQgYWwgMjAwOWIp
PC9EaXNwbGF5VGV4dD48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjExODwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWln
bi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4NWVzY3c1YWF4
dndmNWFyNSI+MTE4PC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwg
QXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5TbWFs
bHdvb2QsIEouPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5OaW5kLCBMLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+TyZhcG9z
O0Nvbm5vciwgUi4gQy48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGgtYWRk
cmVzcz5Qc3ljaG9sb2d5IERlcGFydG1lbnQsIFRoZSBVbml2ZXJzaXR5IG9mIENhbGlmb3JuaWEs
IFNhbnRhIEJhcmJhcmEsIFVTQS4gc21hbGx3b29kQHVjc2IucHN5Y2guZWR1PC9hdXRoLWFkZHJl
c3M+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+V2hlbiBpcyB5b3VyIGhlYWQgYXQ/IEFuIGV4cGxvcmF0aW9uIG9m
IHRoZSBmYWN0b3JzIGFzc29jaWF0ZWQgd2l0aCB0aGUgdGVtcG9yYWwgZm9jdXMgb2YgdGhlIHdh
bmRlcmluZyBtaW5kPC90aXRsZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPkNvbnNjaW91c25lc3MgYW5kIGNv
Z25pdGlvbjwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjxhbHQtdGl0bGU+Q29uc2Npb3VzIENvZ248L2FsdC10
aXRsZT48L3RpdGxlcz48cGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5Db25zY2lvdXNuZXNzIGFuZCBj
b2duaXRpb248L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5Db25zY2lvdXMgQ29nbjwvYWJici0xPjwvcGVy
aW9kaWNhbD48YWx0LXBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+Q29uc2Npb3VzbmVzcyBhbmQgY29n
bml0aW9uPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+Q29uc2Npb3VzIENvZ248L2FiYnItMT48L2FsdC1w
ZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxwYWdlcz4xMTgtMjU8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+MTg8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVy
PjE8L251bWJlcj48ZWRpdGlvbj4yMDA5LzAxLzA2PC9lZGl0aW9uPjxrZXl3b3Jkcz48a2V5d29y
ZD5BZG9sZXNjZW50PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkFkdWx0PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkVu
dmlyb25tZW50PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkZlbWFsZTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5IdW1h
bnM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TWFsZTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5SZWFjdGlvbiBUaW1l
PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPipUaGlua2luZzwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5UaW1lIEZhY3Rv
cnM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+WW91bmcgQWR1bHQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PC9rZXl3b3Jkcz48ZGF0
ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAwOTwveWVhcj48cHViLWRhdGVzPjxkYXRlPk1hcjwvZGF0ZT48L3B1Yi1kYXRl
cz48L2RhdGVzPjxpc2JuPjEwOTAtMjM3NiAoRWxlY3Ryb25pYykmI3hEOzEwNTMtODEwMCAoTGlu
a2luZyk8L2lzYm4+PGFjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+MTkxMjE5NTM8L2FjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+PHdvcmst
dHlwZT5SZXNlYXJjaCBTdXBwb3J0LCBOb24tVS5TLiBHb3YmYXBvczt0PC93b3JrLXR5cGU+PHVy
bHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cubmNiaS5ubG0ubmloLmdvdi9wdWJtZWQv
MTkxMjE5NTM8L3VybD48dXJsPmh0dHA6Ly9hYy5lbHMtY2RuLmNvbS9TMTA1MzgxMDAwODAwMTg4
OC8xLXMyLjAtUzEwNTM4MTAwMDgwMDE4ODgtbWFpbi5wZGY/X3RpZD04YjUwZmY5Yy0wMDFiLTEx
ZTMtODJmMy0wMDAwMGFhYjBmMjcmYW1wO2FjZG5hdD0xMzc1OTYwNTg1X2ZiOTllMGM0NjIxNTY5
ODQ5ZDc2NGY1M2VlOGJjNGE1PC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxzPjxlbGVjdHJvbmlj
LXJlc291cmNlLW51bT4xMC4xMDE2L2ouY29uY29nLjIwMDguMTEuMDA0PC9lbGVjdHJvbmljLXJl
c291cmNlLW51bT48bGFuZ3VhZ2U+ZW5nPC9sYW5ndWFnZT48L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PC9FbmRO
b3RlPn==
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Smallwood et al 2009b), Germany ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ruby</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>356</RecNum><DisplayText>(Ruby 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>356</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">356</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ruby, F. J.M., Smallwood, J. Sakur, J., & Singer, T. </author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Is self-generated thought a means to social problem solving?</title><secondary-title>Frontiers in Perception</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Frontiers in Perception</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2014</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Ruby 2014), and Belgium ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Stawarczyk</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>145</RecNum><DisplayText>(Stawarczyk et al 2011a)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>145</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">145</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Stawarczyk, D.</author><author>Majerus, S.</author><author>Maj, M.</author><author>Van der Linden, M.</author><author>D'Argembeau, A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of Liege, Belgium. d.stawarczyk@ulg.ac.be</auth-address><titles><title>Mind-wandering: phenomenology and function as assessed with a novel experience sampling method</title><secondary-title>Acta psychologica</secondary-title><alt-title>Acta Psychol (Amst)</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Acta psychologica</full-title><abbr-1>Acta Psychol (Amst)</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Acta psychologica</full-title><abbr-1>Acta Psychol (Amst)</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>370-81</pages><volume>136</volume><number>3</number><edition>2011/02/26</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Analysis of Variance</keyword><keyword>Attention/*physiology</keyword><keyword>Goals</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Questionnaires</keyword><keyword>Reaction Time/physiology</keyword><keyword>Thinking/*physiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2011</year><pub-dates><date>Mar</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1873-6297 (Electronic)
0001-6918 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>21349473</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Stawarczyk et al 2011a). This prospective bias may be moderated by task demands because participants tend to decrease the amount of future thinking as task demands increase (e.g. Smallwood et al., 2009). The left hand panel of Figure Three illustrates two examples of the prospective bias as it is seen in the laboratory.Past related thought also has a distinct psychological profile. Studies suggest that although unhappiness is a correlate of mind-wandering in general PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LaWxsaW5nc3dvcnRoPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMDwv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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LaWxsaW5nc3dvcnRoPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMDwv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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Killingsworth & Gilbert 2010, Smallwood et al 2004, Smallwood et al 2007b) and in particular episodes focused on the past. A retrospective bias to mind-wandering is present during low mood in the laboratory PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Ruby 2013, Smallwood & O'Connor 2011, Stawarczyk et al 2013) and in daily life ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Poerio</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>4090</RecNum><DisplayText>(Poerio et al 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4090</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4090</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Poerio, Giulia L</author><author>Totterdell, Peter</author><author>Miles, Eleanor</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Mind-wandering and negative mood: Does one thing really lead to another?</title><secondary-title>Consciousness and cognition</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Consciousness and cognition</full-title><abbr-1>Conscious Cogn</abbr-1></periodical><pages>1412-1421</pages><volume>22</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>1053-8100</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Poerio et al 2013).Other work has identified a range of phenomenological features that characterize mind-wandering. For example, self-generated experiences with perseverative features tend to be associated with psychopathological states such as anxiety and depression PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5PdHRhdmlhbmk8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5PdHRhdmlhbmk8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Ottaviani & Couyoumdjian 2013, Ottaviani et al 2013) and interesting mind-wandering experiences are a concomitant of positive mood ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Franklin</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5501</RecNum><DisplayText>(Franklin et al 2013b)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5501</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5501</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Franklin, M. S.</author><author>Mrazek, M. D.</author><author>Anderson, C. L.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Kingstone, A.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California at Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>The silver lining of a mind in the clouds: interesting musings are associated with positive mood while mind-wandering</title><secondary-title>Front Psychol</secondary-title><alt-title>Frontiers in psychology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Front Psychol</full-title><abbr-1>Frontiers in psychology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Frontiers in psychology</full-title><abbr-1>Front Psychol</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>583</pages><volume>4</volume><edition>2013/09/07</edition><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>1664-1078 (Electronic)</isbn><accession-num>24009599</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Franklin et al 2013b). Finally, studies have examined the different form of thoughts including imagery and words, the specificity of the experience and their personal relevance PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Hb3Jnb2xld3NraTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPnVuZGVyIHJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Hb3Jnb2xld3NraTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPnVuZGVyIHJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Delamillieure et al 2010, Gorgolewski under review).A more principled approach to dealing with the wide variety of experiences that occur during mind-wandering is to explore the patterns of co-variance that are present within ES data. To achieve this aim, multiple dimensions of ES data are collected at the same time and is decomposed using statistical techniques such as principal components analysis (PCA), to reveal its latent structure. Ruby and colleagues applied PCA to ES data to confirm that past and future related self-generated-thoughts are unique statistical categories of thought ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ruby</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>352</RecNum><DisplayText>(Ruby 2014, Ruby 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>352</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">352</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ruby, F.J.M., Smallwood, J., Engen, H. & Singer, T.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>How self-generated thought shapes mood</title><secondary-title>Public Library of Science One</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Public Library of Science One</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2013</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Ruby</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>356</RecNum><record><rec-number>356</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">356</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ruby, F. J.M., Smallwood, J. Sakur, J., & Singer, T. </author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Is self-generated thought a means to social problem solving?</title><secondary-title>Frontiers in Perception</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Frontiers in Perception</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2014</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Ruby 2014, Ruby 2013). These statistically derived components were predictive of independent measures such as on-going performance and individual differences in psychological function. The right-hand panel of Figure Three illustrates the structure of thoughts identified by PCA across two independent data sets.Hierarchical clustering has also been used to provide information on the dimensional structure of thought. This technique has shown that valence, specificity and self-relevance account for substantial variance in the content of mind-wandering episodes ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Andrews-Hanna</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>4011</RecNum><DisplayText>(Andrews-Hanna et al 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4011</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4011</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Andrews-Hanna, Jessica R</author><author>Kaiser, Roselinde H</author><author>Turner, Amy EJ</author><author>Reineberg, Andrew E</author><author>Godinez, Detre</author><author>Dimidjian, Sona</author><author>Banich, Marie T</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>A penny for your thoughts: dimensions of self-generated thought content and relationships with individual differences in emotional wellbeing</title></titles><dates><year>2013</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Andrews-Hanna et al 2013). These dimensions explained significant variance in independent measures such as rumination and mindfulness.Altogether research suggests that the content of self-generated-thoughts that arise during mind-wandering has a rich structure reflecting variables such as its temporal focus, affective state, interest. Moreover, the form and content of the self-generated experiences that occur during mind-wandering can influence the associated functional outcomes of the state. This is known as the content regulation hypothesis PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Andrews‐Hanna et al 2014, Smallwood & Andrews-Hanna 2013) (see Box Five).Relation to awarenessOne important feature of mind-wandering is when we recognize that the current content of thought is discrepant from the ostensible task that the individual is (or was) performing ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Schooler</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>5116</RecNum><DisplayText>(Schooler 2002)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5116</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5116</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Schooler, JW
Univ Pittsburgh, Learning Res & Dev Ctr 518, 3939 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
Univ Pittsburgh, Learning Res & Dev Ctr 518, 3939 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
Univ Pittsburgh, Learning Res & Dev Ctr 518, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA</auth-address><titles><title>Re-representing consciousness: dissociations between experience and meta-consciousness</title><secondary-title>Trends in cognitive sciences</secondary-title><alt-title>Trends Cogn Sci</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Trends in cognitive sciences</full-title><abbr-1>Trends Cogn Sci</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Trends in cognitive sciences</full-title><abbr-1>Trends Cogn Sci</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>339-344</pages><volume>6</volume><number>8</number><keywords><keyword>perceptual expertise</keyword><keyword>face recognition</keyword><keyword>identification</keyword><keyword>behavior</keyword><keyword>science</keyword><keyword>reduce</keyword><keyword>model</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year><pub-dates><date>Aug</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1364-6613</isbn><accession-num>ISI:000177263200008</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url><Go to ISI>://000177263200008</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>Pii S1364-6613(02)01949-6
Doi 10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01949-6</electronic-resource-num><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote>(Schooler 2002). This aspect of the experience can be compelling, for example when we notice our mind has wandered while reading, or watching television ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Schooler</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>340</RecNum><DisplayText>(Schooler et al 2004)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>340</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">340</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Schooler, J. W.</author><author>Reichle, E. D.</author><author>Halpern, D. V.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA</auth-address><titles><title>Zoning out while reading: Evidence for dissociations between experience and metaconsciousness</title><secondary-title>Thinking and Seeing</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Thinking and Seeing</full-title></periodical><pages>203-226</pages><keywords><keyword>eye-movement control</keyword><keyword>anterior cingulate cortex</keyword><keyword>fixation locations</keyword><keyword>word-frequency</keyword><keyword>comprehension</keyword><keyword>consciousness</keyword><keyword>metacomprehension</keyword><keyword>information</keyword><keyword>performance</keyword><keyword>model</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2004</year></dates><accession-num>ISI:000226009600011</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url><Go to ISI>://000226009600011</url></related-urls></urls><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote>(Schooler et al 2004). On at least certain occasions, therefore, mind-wandering reflects a failure to maintain continuous awareness on the links between the contents of conscious thought and our current goals.There are two approaches that have been used to investigate meta-awareness of mind-wandering. One asks participants to indicate whether they had been aware that their minds had drifted and has shown that the consequences of mind-wandering are more pronounced when the episode was described as lacking awareness. Unaware mind-wandering episodes are associated with greater behavioural cost, such as especially rapid and careless task performance PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA4PC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA4PC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Smallwood et al 2008b, Smallwood et al 2007a). One study measured mind-wandering while participants read a detective novel ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Smallwood</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>116</RecNum><DisplayText>(Smallwood et al 2008c)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>116</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">116</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>McSpadden, M.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9660, USA. smallwood@psych.ucsb.edu</auth-address><titles><title>When attention matters: the curious incident of the wandering mind</title><secondary-title>Memory & cognition</secondary-title><alt-title>Mem Cognit</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Memory & cognition</full-title><abbr-1>Mem Cognit</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Memory & cognition</full-title><abbr-1>Mem Cognit</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1144-50</pages><volume>36</volume><number>6</number><edition>2008/10/18</edition><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>*Attention</keyword><keyword>*Comprehension</keyword><keyword>Concept Formation</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Mental Recall</keyword><keyword>*Reading</keyword><keyword>Set (Psychology)</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0090-502X (Print)
0090-502X (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>18927032</accession-num><work-type>Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>;(Smallwood et al 2008c). Analysis indicated that participants who mind wandered without awareness (termed zoning out) at critical periods in the task were less likely to solve the crime than those who mind-wandered but were aware of this fact (termed tuning out, see Figure Four, left panel). Neuroimaging studies have shown that neural systems that play a role in self-generated experiences are more engaged during mind-wandering episodes of which the participant lacks awareness PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5DaHJpc3RvZmY8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA5PC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5DaHJpc3RvZmY8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA5PC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Christoff et al 2009). Finally, unaware mind-wandering has also been associated with higher levels of depression ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Deng</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>4089</RecNum><DisplayText>(Deng et al 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4089</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4089</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Deng, Yu-Qin</author><author>Li, Song</author><author>Tang, Yi-Yuan</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The Relationship Between Wandering Mind, Depression and Mindfulness</title><secondary-title>Mindfulness</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Mindfulness</full-title></periodical><pages>1-5</pages><dates><year>2012</year></dates><isbn>1868-8527</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Deng et al 2012), increases following stereo-type threat ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Mrazek</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>5240</RecNum><DisplayText>(Mrazek et al 2011)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5240</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5240</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mrazek, Michael D</author><author>Chin, Jason M</author><author>Schmader, Toni</author><author>Hartson, Kimberly A</author><author>Smallwood, Jonathan</author><author>Schooler, Jonathan W</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Threatened to distraction: Mind-wandering as a consequence of stereotype threat</title><secondary-title>J Exp Soc Psychol</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Exp Soc Psychol</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of experimental social psychology</abbr-1></periodical><pages>1243-1248</pages><volume>47</volume><number>6</number><dates><year>2011</year></dates><isbn>0022-1031</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Mrazek et al 2011), greater disruption of everyday tasks PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NY1ZheTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NY1ZheTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (McVay et al 2009), and increases the risk of accidents while driving a car ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Cowley</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5242</RecNum><DisplayText>(Cowley 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5242</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5242</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Conference Proceedings">10</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Cowley, Jennifer A</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Off Task Thinking Types and Performance Decrements During Simulated Automobile Driving</title><secondary-title>Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting</secondary-title></titles><pages>1214-1218</pages><volume>57</volume><dates><year>2013</year></dates><publisher>SAGE Publications</publisher><isbn>1541-9312</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Cowley 2013).A second approach examines how effectively participants can notice that their mind has wandered. Participants are asked to indicate with a manual response when they notice that their minds have wandered from the task being performed. These self-caught mind-wandering episodes constitute a hypothetical metric of mind-wandering that reached meta-awareness. By comparing self-caught mind-wandering with mind-wandering episodes caught by probes, it is possible to draw inferences about the role of meta-awareness in various situations (Schooler et al, 2011). For example, whereas probe caught mind-wandering is predictive of reading comprehension, self-caught episodes are often less so ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Schooler</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>340</RecNum><DisplayText>(Schooler et al 2004)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>340</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">340</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Schooler, J. W.</author><author>Reichle, E. D.</author><author>Halpern, D. V.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA</auth-address><titles><title>Zoning out while reading: Evidence for dissociations between experience and metaconsciousness</title><secondary-title>Thinking and Seeing</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Thinking and Seeing</full-title></periodical><pages>203-226</pages><keywords><keyword>eye-movement control</keyword><keyword>anterior cingulate cortex</keyword><keyword>fixation locations</keyword><keyword>word-frequency</keyword><keyword>comprehension</keyword><keyword>consciousness</keyword><keyword>metacomprehension</keyword><keyword>information</keyword><keyword>performance</keyword><keyword>model</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2004</year></dates><accession-num>ISI:000226009600011</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url><Go to ISI>://000226009600011</url></related-urls></urls><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote>(Schooler et al 2004).Studies have shown that manipulations that reduce meta-awareness increase the probability of mind-wandering and decrease the probability of it being noticed. For example, Sayette et al (2009) found that while alcohol intoxication doubled the likelihood of probe caught mind-wandering episodes, participants were still numerically less likely to self-catch mind-wandering episodes when intoxicated relative to when sober (see Figure Four, right hand panel). Inducing cigarette craving produced similar disparate effects on self and probe caught mind-wandering rates ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Sayette</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>4479</RecNum><DisplayText>(Sayette et al 2010)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4479</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4479</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sayette, M. A.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author><author>Reichle, E. D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. sayette@pitt.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Out for a smoke: the impact of cigarette craving on zoning out during reading</title><secondary-title>Psychological science</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychological science</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>26-30</pages><volume>21</volume><number>1</number><edition>2010/04/29</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Attention/*drug effects</keyword><keyword>Awareness/*drug effects</keyword><keyword>Comprehension/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Middle Aged</keyword><keyword>Motivation/*drug effects</keyword><keyword>Nicotine/*adverse effects</keyword><keyword>*Reading</keyword><keyword>Smoking/*psychology</keyword><keyword>Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/*psychology</keyword><keyword>Tobacco Use Disorder/*psychology</keyword><keyword>Young Adult</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year><pub-dates><date>Jan</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1467-9280 (Electronic)
0956-7976 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>20424018</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Sayette et al 2010). Self-caught episodes also have a unique relationship to the eye-movements that occur during reading ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Reichle</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>4478</RecNum><DisplayText>(Reichle et al 2010)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4478</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4478</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Reichle, E. D.</author><author>Reineberg, A. E.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. reichle@pitt.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Eye movements during mindless reading</title><secondary-title>Psychological science</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychological science</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1300-10</pages><volume>21</volume><number>9</number><edition>2010/08/04</edition><keywords><keyword>Awareness</keyword><keyword>Eye Movement Measurements</keyword><keyword>*Eye Movements</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Fixation, Ocular</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Linguistics</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>*Reading</keyword><keyword>Semantics</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1467-9280 (Electronic)
0956-7976 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>20679524</accession-num><work-type>Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>;(Reichle et al 2010). Finally, an investigation of people’s capacity to notice thought intrusions regarding a prior romantic partner who they were trying not to think about, revealed that people were routinely caught thinking about the partner before they noticed it themselves. Moreover, the desire to still be with a partner was associated with an increased likelihood of thinking about the partner (as revealed by more frequent probe caught episodes) and a decreased probability of spontaneously noticing such thoughts (as revealed by less frequent self-caught episodes) ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Baird</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5264</RecNum><DisplayText>(Baird et al 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5264</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5264</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Baird, Benjamin</author><author>Smallwood, Jonathan</author><author>Fishman, Daniel JF</author><author>Mrazek, Michael D</author><author>Schooler, Jonathan W</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Unnoticed intrusions: Dissociations of meta-consciousness in thought suppression</title><secondary-title>Consciousness and cognition</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Consciousness and cognition</full-title><abbr-1>Conscious Cogn</abbr-1></periodical><pages>1003-1012</pages><volume>22</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>1053-8100</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Baird et al 2013).Overall, studies have revealed 1) that participants’ often fail to notice that their minds have wandered 2) that various factors can have distinct effects on the likelihood of mind-wandering versus noticing that one is mind-wandering 3) that aware versus unaware mental diversions can have distinct characteristics with respect to both their impact and content. Although these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that meta-awareness may play a functional role in modulating the impact of mind-wandering additional research is needed to ascertain the role meta-awareness has in controlling the mind-wandering state (see Box Three).4. The component processes viewOne problem that arises when attempting to understand the thoughts that occur during mind-wandering is that the rich diversity of potential experiences has to be accounted for by a smaller subset of underlying processes. This section considers evidence from psychology and neuroscience with the aim of describing the different underlying processes that in combination produce the complex varieties of experiences, not only those that occur during mind-wandering, but also those that make up other aspect of daily life. This is known as the component-process view of mental states PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Smallwood 2013a, Smallwood 2013b) and assumes that different types of thoughts and feelings arise through the flexible combination of a smaller and finite number of underlying processes.The self-generated-thoughts that occur during mind-wandering demonstrate that complex higher order cognition can arise despite being unrelated to the events in the external environment, or any task being performed. There at least three important aspects of this phenomenon, therefore, that a component process account would need to explain: 1) how higher cognition can become disengaged from external processing; 2) how people self-generate task unrelated mental content; and 3) how this disengagement and self-generation are co-ordinated and / or regulated by the individual.Recent neurocognitive studies have shed light on all three issues. First, studies have demonstrated that the amplitude of responses evoked by external events are reduced during periods of mind-wandering. This provides basic support for the principle of perceptual decoupling that suggests during periods of self-generated-thought attention is disengaged from perception. Second, studies suggest that emotional and episodic processes are involved in the self-generation of mental content during mind wandering. Third, studies have found evidence that executive control processes are important in the co-ordination of the mind-wandering state itself. Evidence for each of these component processes forms the focus of this section of the review.How higher cognition becomes disengaged from external processing:Perceptual coupling and decoupling. When attention is directed to an external goal it can facilitate action by increasing the processing of relevant sensory input ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Posner</Author><Year>1990</Year><RecNum>5274</RecNum><DisplayText>(Posner & Petersen 1990)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5274</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5274</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Posner, Michael I.</author><author>Petersen, Steven E.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The Attention System of the Human Brain</title><secondary-title>Annual review of neuroscience</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Annual review of neuroscience</full-title><abbr-1>Annu Rev Neurosci</abbr-1></periodical><pages>25-42</pages><volume>13</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>1990</year></dates><accession-num>2183676</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Posner & Petersen 1990). By contrast, when the mind wanders to self-generated information it becomes disengaged from events in the external world. This attentional shift is known as perceptual decoupling and is hypothesised to have two consequences. First, it corresponds to a re-organization of cognition to focus on intrinsic rather than extrinsic inputs. Second, it is associated with reduced attention to the external input. Perceptual decoupling is therefore one reason why transient self-generated states can persist and hence lead to errors on demanding external tasks PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy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==
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy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==
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Kam & Handy 2013, Smallwood 2013a) (see Section on Costs and Benefits). Figure Five highlights several key results demonstrating the decoupling of attention from perception during mind-wandering.Evidence for perceptual decoupling comes from studies that examine the temporal relationship between self-generated-thought and the cortical processing of external information. One way that the cortical processing of external information can be characterized is by quantifying the evoked response that occurs because of a stimulus such as the amplitude of event related potentials (ERPs) that are derived from the EEG. An ERP known as the P3 occurs approximately 300 milliseconds after task relevant events are processed and indexes task related attention ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Polich</Author><Year>1986</Year><RecNum>4312</RecNum><DisplayText>(Polich 1986)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4312</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4312</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Polich, J.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Attention, probability, and task demands as determinants of P300 latency from auditory stimuli</title><secondary-title>Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol</secondary-title><alt-title>Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol</full-title><abbr-1>Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol</full-title><abbr-1>Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>251-9</pages><volume>63</volume><number>3</number><edition>1986/03/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Acoustic Stimulation</keyword><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Attention/*physiology</keyword><keyword>Discrimination (Psychology)</keyword><keyword>*Evoked Potentials, Auditory</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Probability</keyword><keyword>Reaction Time</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1986</year><pub-dates><date>Mar</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0013-4694 (Print)
0013-4694 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>2419083</accession-num><work-type>Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>;(Polich 1986). At the trait level studies have shown that the P3 is reduced for individuals who experienced high levels of task unrelated thinking during a task ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Barron</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><DisplayText>(Barron et al 2011)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Barron, E.</author><author>Riby, L. M.</author><author>Greer, J.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Psychology, Northumbria University, Leipzig, Germany.</auth-address><titles><title>Absorbed in thought: the effect of mind wandering on the processing of relevant and irrelevant events</title><secondary-title>Psychological science</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychol Sci</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>596-601</pages><volume>22</volume><number>5</number><edition>2011/04/05</edition><dates><year>2011</year><pub-dates><date>May</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1467-9280 (Electronic)
0956-7976 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>21460338</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Barron et al 2011). The P3 is also smaller during states of task-unrelated-thought PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA4PC9ZZWFy
PjxSZWNOdW0+MTA4PC9SZWNOdW0+PERpc3BsYXlUZXh0PihLYW0gZXQgYWwgMjAxMywgTWFjZG9u
YWxkIGV0IGFsIDIwMTEsIFNtYWxsd29vZCBldCBhbCAyMDA4YSk8L0Rpc3BsYXlUZXh0PjxyZWNv
cmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+MTA4PC9yZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9IkVO
IiBkYi1pZD0idDBlZXJ0NXRuMHp6eGhlYXN2OXg1ZXNjdzVhYXh2d2Y1YXI1Ij4xMDg8L2tleT48
L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5
cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPlNtYWxsd29vZCwgSi48L2F1dGhvcj48
YXV0aG9yPkJlYWNoLCBFLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+U2Nob29sZXIsIEouIFcuPC9hdXRob3I+
PGF1dGhvcj5IYW5keSwgVC4gQy48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1
dGgtYWRkcmVzcz5TY2hvb2wgb2YgUHN5Y2hvbG9neSwgVW5pdmVyc2l0eSBvZiBBYmVyZGVlbiwg
QWJlcmRlZW4sIFNjb3RsYW5kLCBVSy4gai5zbWFsbHdvb2RAYWJkbi5hYy51azwvYXV0aC1hZGRy
ZXNzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPkdvaW5nIEFXT0wgaW4gdGhlIGJyYWluOiBtaW5kIHdhbmRlcmlu
ZyByZWR1Y2VzIGNvcnRpY2FsIGFuYWx5c2lzIG9mIGV4dGVybmFsIGV2ZW50czwvdGl0bGU+PHNl
Y29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5Kb3VybmFsIG9mIGNvZ25pdGl2ZSBuZXVyb3NjaWVuY2U8L3NlY29uZGFy
eS10aXRsZT48YWx0LXRpdGxlPkogQ29nbiBOZXVyb3NjaTwvYWx0LXRpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVzPjxw
ZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPkpvdXJuYWwgb2YgY29nbml0aXZlIG5ldXJvc2NpZW5jZTwv
ZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPkogQ29nbiBOZXVyb3NjaTwvYWJici0xPjwvcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48
YWx0LXBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+Sm91cm5hbCBvZiBjb2duaXRpdmUgbmV1cm9zY2ll
bmNlPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+SiBDb2duIE5ldXJvc2NpPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9hbHQtcGVy
aW9kaWNhbD48cGFnZXM+NDU4LTY5PC9wYWdlcz48dm9sdW1lPjIwPC92b2x1bWU+PG51bWJlcj4z
PC9udW1iZXI+PGVkaXRpb24+MjAwNy8xMS8xNzwvZWRpdGlvbj48a2V5d29yZHM+PGtleXdvcmQ+
QW5hbHlzaXMgb2YgVmFyaWFuY2U8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QXR0ZW50aW9uLypwaHlzaW9s
b2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPipCcmFpbiBNYXBwaW5nPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkNl
cmVicmFsIENvcnRleC8qcGh5c2lvbG9neTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5FbGVjdHJvZW5jZXBo
YWxvZ3JhcGh5L21ldGhvZHM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+RXZlbnQtUmVsYXRlZCBQb3RlbnRp
YWxzLCBQMzAwL3BoeXNpb2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+RmVtYWxlPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxr
ZXl3b3JkPkh1bWFuczwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5NYWxlPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk1l
bnRhbCBQcm9jZXNzZXMvKnBoeXNpb2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+UGF0dGVybiBSZWNv
Z25pdGlvbiwgVmlzdWFsPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPlBob3RpYyBTdGltdWxhdGlvbi9tZXRo
b2RzPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPlJlYWN0aW9uIFRpbWU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+UmVn
cmVzc2lvbiBBbmFseXNpczwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5UaW1lIEZhY3RvcnM8L2tleXdvcmQ+
PC9rZXl3b3Jkcz48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAwODwveWVhcj48cHViLWRhdGVzPjxkYXRlPk1hcjwv
ZGF0ZT48L3B1Yi1kYXRlcz48L2RhdGVzPjxpc2JuPjA4OTgtOTI5WCAoUHJpbnQpJiN4RDswODk4
LTkyOVggKExpbmtpbmcpPC9pc2JuPjxhY2Nlc3Npb24tbnVtPjE4MDA0OTQzPC9hY2Nlc3Npb24t
bnVtPjx3b3JrLXR5cGU+UmVzZWFyY2ggU3VwcG9ydCwgTi5JLkguLCBFeHRyYW11cmFsJiN4RDtS
ZXNlYXJjaCBTdXBwb3J0LCBOb24tVS5TLiBHb3YmYXBvczt0JiN4RDtSZXNlYXJjaCBTdXBwb3J0
LCBVLlMuIEdvdiZhcG9zO3QsIE5vbi1QLkguUy48L3dvcmstdHlwZT48dXJscz48cmVsYXRlZC11
cmxzPjx1cmw+aHR0cDovL3d3dy5uY2JpLm5sbS5uaWguZ292L3B1Ym1lZC8xODAwNDk0MzwvdXJs
Pjx1cmw+aHR0cDovL3d3dy5taXRwcmVzc2pvdXJuYWxzLm9yZy9kb2kvcGRmcGx1cy8xMC4xMTYy
L2pvY24uMjAwOC4yMDAzNzwvdXJsPjwvcmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjwvdXJscz48ZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1y
ZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+MTAuMTE2Mi9qb2NuLjIwMDguMjAwMzc8L2VsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2Ut
bnVtPjxsYW5ndWFnZT5lbmc8L2xhbmd1YWdlPjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48Q2l0ZT48QXV0aG9y
Pk1hY2RvbmFsZDwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTE8L1llYXI+PFJlY051bT40NDcxPC9SZWNOdW0+
PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj40NDcxPC9yZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBh
cHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0idDBlZXJ0NXRuMHp6eGhlYXN2OXg1ZXNjdzVhYXh2d2Y1YXI1Ij40NDcx
PC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8
L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5NYWNkb25hbGQsIEouIFMu
PC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5NYXRoYW4sIFMuPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5ZZXVuZywgTi48L2F1
dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGgtYWRkcmVzcz5EZXBhcnRtZW50IG9m
IEV4cGVyaW1lbnRhbCBQc3ljaG9sb2d5LCBVbml2ZXJzaXR5IG9mIE94Zm9yZCBPeGZvcmQsIFVL
LjwvYXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPlRyaWFsLWJ5LVRyaWFsIFZhcmlhdGlvbnMg
aW4gU3ViamVjdGl2ZSBBdHRlbnRpb25hbCBTdGF0ZSBhcmUgUmVmbGVjdGVkIGluIE9uZ29pbmcg
UHJlc3RpbXVsdXMgRUVHIEFscGhhIE9zY2lsbGF0aW9uczwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRs
ZT5Gcm9udCBQc3ljaG9sPC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PGFsdC10aXRsZT5Gcm9udGllcnMgaW4g
cHN5Y2hvbG9neTwvYWx0LXRpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVzPjxwZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPkZy
b250IFBzeWNob2w8L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5Gcm9udGllcnMgaW4gcHN5Y2hvbG9neTwv
YWJici0xPjwvcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48YWx0LXBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+RnJvbnRpZXJz
IGluIHBzeWNob2xvZ3k8L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5Gcm9udCBQc3ljaG9sPC9hYmJyLTE+
PC9hbHQtcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48cGFnZXM+ODI8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+Mjwvdm9sdW1lPjxlZGl0
aW9uPjIwMTEvMDYvMjE8L2VkaXRpb24+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMTE8L3llYXI+PC9kYXRlcz48
aXNibj4xNjY0LTEwNzggKEVsZWN0cm9uaWMpPC9pc2JuPjxhY2Nlc3Npb24tbnVtPjIxNjg3NDUy
PC9hY2Nlc3Npb24tbnVtPjx1cmxzPjxyZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PHVybD5odHRwOi8vd3d3Lm5jYmku
bmxtLm5paC5nb3YvcHVibWVkLzIxNjg3NDUyPC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxzPjxj
dXN0b20yPjMxMTAzMzQ8L2N1c3RvbTI+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjMzODkv
ZnBzeWcuMjAxMS4wMDA4MjwvZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+PGxhbmd1YWdlPmVuZzwv
bGFuZ3VhZ2U+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+S2FtPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+
MjAxMzwvWWVhcj48UmVjTnVtPjM2NTQ8L1JlY051bT48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjM2NTQ8
L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJ0MGVlcnQ1dG4w
enp4aGVhc3Y5eDVlc2N3NWFheHZ3ZjVhcjUiPjM2NTQ8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVm
LXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48
YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPkthbSwgSi4gVy48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPlh1LCBKLjwvYXV0aG9y
PjxhdXRob3I+SGFuZHksIFQuIEMuPC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxh
dXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+RGVwYXJ0bWVudCBvZiBQc3ljaG9sb2d5LCBVbml2ZXJzaXR5IG9mIEJyaXRp
c2ggQ29sdW1iaWEsIDIxMzYgV2VzdCBNYWxsLCBWYW5jb3V2ZXIsIEJDLCBWNlQgMVo0LCBDYW5h
ZGEsIGthbWp1bGlhQGdtYWlsLmNvbS48L2F1dGgtYWRkcmVzcz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5JIGRv
biZhcG9zO3QgZmVlbCB5b3VyIHBhaW4gKGFzIG11Y2gpOiBUaGUgZGVzZW5zaXRpemluZyBlZmZl
Y3Qgb2YgbWluZCB3YW5kZXJpbmcgb24gdGhlIHBlcmNlcHRpb24gb2Ygb3RoZXJzJmFwb3M7IGRp
c2NvbWZvcnQ8L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+Q29nbiBBZmZlY3QgQmVoYXYgTmV1cm9z
Y2k8L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48YWx0LXRpdGxlPkNvZ25pdGl2ZSwgYWZmZWN0aXZlICZhbXA7
IGJlaGF2aW9yYWwgbmV1cm9zY2llbmNlPC9hbHQtdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+
PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+Q29nbiBBZmZlY3QgQmVoYXYgTmV1cm9zY2k8L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnIt
MT5Db2duaXRpdmUsIGFmZmVjdGl2ZSAmYW1wOyBiZWhhdmlvcmFsIG5ldXJvc2NpZW5jZTwvYWJi
ci0xPjwvcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48YWx0LXBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+Q29nbiBBZmZlY3Qg
QmVoYXYgTmV1cm9zY2k8L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5Db2duaXRpdmUsIGFmZmVjdGl2ZSAm
YW1wOyBiZWhhdmlvcmFsIG5ldXJvc2NpZW5jZTwvYWJici0xPjwvYWx0LXBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGVk
aXRpb24+MjAxMy8wOC8wMTwvZWRpdGlvbj48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAxMzwveWVhcj48cHViLWRh
dGVzPjxkYXRlPkp1bCAzMTwvZGF0ZT48L3B1Yi1kYXRlcz48L2RhdGVzPjxpc2JuPjE1MzEtMTM1
WCAoRWxlY3Ryb25pYykmI3hEOzE1MzAtNzAyNiAoTGlua2luZyk8L2lzYm4+PGFjY2Vzc2lvbi1u
dW0+MjM5MDA3NDk8L2FjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPmh0dHA6
Ly93d3cubmNiaS5ubG0ubmloLmdvdi9wdWJtZWQvMjM5MDA3NDk8L3VybD48L3JlbGF0ZWQtdXJs
cz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjM3NTgvczEzNDE1LTAxMy0wMTk3
LXo8L2VsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjxsYW5ndWFnZT5Fbmc8L2xhbmd1YWdlPjwvcmVj
b3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48L0VuZE5vdGU+AG==
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA4PC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Kam et al 2013, Macdonald et al 2011, Smallwood et al 2008a). A reduction in the amplitude of the ERP is not limited to the P3, it also occurs for components that indicate sensory processing of auditory, visual and tactile domains, suggesting that changes in early perceptual processes occur during mind-wandering PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LYW08L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNO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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LYW08L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNO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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Kam et al 2011, Kam et al 2013). The left hand panel of Figure Five illustrates reductions in the P3 component from two representative studies. It is important to note that the studies yielded similar results, yet differed on the method of experience sampling they employed, illustrating that the reduced P3 during high incidence periods of mind-wandering is observed across different measures of the experience. How people self-generate task unrelated mental content:Episodic thought. Self-reports of the content of mind-wandering episodes suggest that they are frequently focused on events that occur at distinct time periods either in the past or future (see section on Phenomenology). This mental time travel is thought to depend on episodic memory processes to generate the mental content (Tulving, 2002). This raises the possibility that the self-generated mental content associated with mind-wandering is partly the product of the episodic memory system.Neuroimaging provides basic support for this episodic memory hypothesis. A large-scale network focused on the medial pre-frontal cortex (mPFC) and the posterior cingulate cortex (pCC), and known as the default mode network (DMN) and is identified by its co-ordinated activity at rest ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Greicius</Author><Year>2003</Year><RecNum>5289</RecNum><DisplayText>(Greicius et al 2003)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5289</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5289</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Greicius, Michael D</author><author>Krasnow, Ben</author><author>Reiss, Allan L</author><author>Menon, Vinod</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Functional connectivity in the resting brain: a network analysis of the default mode hypothesis</title><secondary-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</full-title></periodical><pages>253-258</pages><volume>100</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2003</year></dates><isbn>0027-8424</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Greicius et al 2003). A number of parallels between the literature on the DMN and mind-wandering suggest that both have similar properties. Just as the mind-wandering state is conceived of as a process that is in opposition to external perception, at rest the core elements of the DMN are anti-correlated with brain regions engaged by external sensory processes, such as regions of the occipital cortex ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Vincent</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>5269</RecNum><DisplayText>(Vincent et al 2006)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5269</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5269</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Vincent, Justin L</author><author>Snyder, Abraham Z</author><author>Fox, Michael D</author><author>Shannon, Benjamin J</author><author>Andrews, Jessica R</author><author>Raichle, Marcus E</author><author>Buckner, Randy L</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Coherent spontaneous activity identifies a hippocampal-parietal memory network</title><secondary-title>Journal of neurophysiology</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of neurophysiology</full-title><abbr-1>J Neurophysiol</abbr-1></periodical><pages>3517-3531</pages><volume>96</volume><number>6</number><dates><year>2006</year></dates><isbn>0022-3077</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Vincent et al 2006). Furthermore, the degree of the anti-correlation between these regions and the mPFC is enhanced for participants who mind wander more during reading ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Smallwood</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>3823</RecNum><DisplayText>(Smallwood et al 2013a)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>3823</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">3823</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Gorgolewski, K. J.</author><author>Golchert, J.</author><author>Ruby, F. J.</author><author>Engen, H.</author><author>Baird, B.</author><author>Vinski, M. T.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author><author>Margulies, D. S.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychology, University of York Hesslington, North Yorkshire, UK.</auth-address><titles><title>The default modes of reading: modulation of posterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex connectivity associated with comprehension and task focus while reading</title><secondary-title>Front Hum Neurosci</secondary-title><alt-title>Frontiers in human neuroscience</alt-title></titles><alt-periodical><full-title>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience</full-title></alt-periodical><pages>734</pages><volume>7</volume><edition>2013/11/28</edition><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>1662-5161 (Electronic)
1662-5161 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>24282397</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Smallwood et al 2013a).More specifically, the DMN has been shown to be involved in the kind of thoughts that people experience during mind-wandering. When tasked with imagining another place or time PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BZGRpczwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTI8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BZGRpczwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTI8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Addis et al 2012), or to think about themselves PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NYWNyYWU8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA0PC9ZZWFyPjxS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=
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NYWNyYWU8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA0PC9ZZWFyPjxS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=
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Kelley et al 2002, Macrae et al 2004, Mitchell et al 2006), regions in the DMN increases their activity. The left panel of Figure Six presents the results of a meta-analysis using the automated meta-analysis tool Neurosynth PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5ZYXJrb25pPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMTwvWWVhcj48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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5ZYXJrb25pPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMTwvWWVhcj48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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Yarkoni et al 2011) to identify the keywords that were most associated with different subsystems of the DMN ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Andrews‐Hanna</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>5266</RecNum><DisplayText>(Andrews‐Hanna et al 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5266</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5266</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Andrews‐Hanna, Jessica R</author><author>Smallwood, Jonathan</author><author>Spreng, R Nathan</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The default network and self‐generated thought: component processes, dynamic control, and clinical relevance</title><secondary-title>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</full-title><abbr-1>Ann N Y Acad Sci</abbr-1></periodical><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>1749-6632</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Andrews‐Hanna et al 2014). It can be seen that the terms semantic and episodic are both prominent and that others (such as self, social, past and future) correspond to the contents of thoughts that commonly occur during the mind-wandering state (see section on Phenomenology). More direct evidence of the involvement of the DMN in mind-wandering comes from studies that examine its neural correlates. Studies using ES have documented that the DMN exhibits elevated activity during periods of task unrelated self-generated-thought PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbGxlbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbGxlbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Allen et al 2013, Christoff et al 2009, Mason et al 2007, Stawarczyk et al 2011b). Figure Six (right hand panel) presents evidence for activity in the DMN during periods of self-generated-thought as indexed using online ES.Emotion. Studies have shown that dysphoria is associated with greater mind-wandering PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA1PC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA1PC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Smallwood et al 2005, Smallwood et al 2007b) and a large scale experience sampling study found that when people mind wander their mood is generally low ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Killingsworth</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>66</RecNum><DisplayText>(Killingsworth & Gilbert 2010)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>66</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">66</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Killingsworth, M. A.</author><author>Gilbert, D. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. mkilling@fas.harvard.edu</auth-address><titles><title>A wandering mind is an unhappy mind</title><secondary-title>Science</secondary-title><alt-title>Science</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Science</full-title><abbr-1>Science</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Science</full-title><abbr-1>Science</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>932</pages><volume>330</volume><number>6006</number><edition>2010/11/13</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Aged</keyword><keyword>Aged, 80 and over</keyword><keyword>*Attention</keyword><keyword>Cellular Phone</keyword><keyword>*Happiness</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Internet</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Middle Aged</keyword><keyword>Regression Analysis</keyword><keyword>Software</keyword><keyword>*Thinking</keyword><keyword>Young Adult</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year><pub-dates><date>Nov 12</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1095-9203 (Electronic)
0036-8075 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>21071660</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Killingsworth & Gilbert 2010). More recent work has documented that this relationship is mediated by the content of the mind-wandering experience, with higher levels of unhappiness associated with the past PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Qb2VyaW88L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFyPjxS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=
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Qb2VyaW88L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFyPjxS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=
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Poerio et al 2013, Ruby 2013, Smallwood & O'Connor 2011, Stawarczyk et al 2013). Studies have also found that the consequence of self-generated-thought on subsequent affect depends on its temporal content, future thinking tends to reduce subsequent negative mood ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ruby</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>352</RecNum><DisplayText>(Ruby 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>352</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">352</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ruby, F.J.M., Smallwood, J., Engen, H. & Singer, T.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>How self-generated thought shapes mood</title><secondary-title>Public Library of Science One</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Public Library of Science One</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2013</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Ruby 2013) and reduces cortisol levels following social stress ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Engert</Author><Year>under revision</Year><RecNum>5277</RecNum><DisplayText>(Engert under revision)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5277</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5277</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Engert, V., Smallwood, J. & Singer, T.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Mind your thoughts when stressed</title><secondary-title>Biological Psychology</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Biological Psychology</full-title><abbr-1>Biol Psychol</abbr-1></periodical><dates><year>under revision</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Engert under revision). Together these results suggest that affect processes are an important influence on the self-generated though that occurs during mind-wandering.How disengagement and self-generation are co-ordinated and/or regulated:Executive control. Individuals with good cognitive control limit their task-unrelated-thoughts when external task demands are high ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Kane</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>5400</RecNum><DisplayText>(Kane & McVay 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5400</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5400</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Kane, M. J.</author><author>McVay, J. C.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Kane, MJ
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Eberhart Bldg,321 McIver St, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA
Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol, Eberhart Bldg,321 McIver St, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA
Univ N Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA</auth-address><titles><title>What Mind Wandering Reveals About Executive-Control Abilities and Failures</title><secondary-title>Current Directions in Psychological Science</secondary-title><alt-title>Curr Dir Psychol Sci</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Current Directions in Psychological Science</full-title><abbr-1>Curr Dir Psychol Sci</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Current Directions in Psychological Science</full-title><abbr-1>Curr Dir Psychol Sci</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>348-354</pages><volume>21</volume><number>5</number><keywords><keyword>mind wandering</keyword><keyword>executive control</keyword><keyword>working memory</keyword><keyword>individual differences</keyword><keyword>working-memory capacity</keyword><keyword>goal neglect</keyword><keyword>attention</keyword><keyword>task</keyword><keyword>comprehension</keyword><keyword>thought</keyword><keyword>errors</keyword><keyword>train</keyword><keyword>life</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Oct</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0963-7214</isbn><accession-num>ISI:000314465100012</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url><Go to ISI>://000314465100012</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>Doi 10.1177/0963721412454875</electronic-resource-num><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote>(Kane & McVay 2012). Negative correlations between off task thought and executive control abilities have been observed during complex span tasks, sustained attention tasks and during reading PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NY1ZheTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl
Y051bT44MzwvUmVjTnVtPjxEaXNwbGF5VGV4dD4oTWNWYXkgJmFtcDsgS2FuZSAyMDA5LCBNY1Zh
eSAmYW1wOyBLYW5lIDIwMTEsIE1yYXplayBldCBhbCAyMDEyYSwgVW5zd29ydGggJmFtcDsgTWNN
aWxsYW4gMjAxMyk8L0Rpc3BsYXlUZXh0PjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+ODM8L3JlYy1udW1i
ZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJ0MGVlcnQ1dG4wenp4aGVhc3Y5
eDVlc2N3NWFheHZ3ZjVhcjUiPjgzPC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9
IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1
dGhvcj5NY1ZheSwgSi4gQy48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkthbmUsIE0uIEouPC9hdXRob3I+PC9h
dXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+RGVwYXJ0bWVudCBvZiBQc3ljaG9s
b2d5LCBVbml2ZXJzaXR5IG9mIE5vcnRoIENhcm9saW5hIGF0IEdyZWVuc2Jvcm8sIEdyZWVuc2Jv
cm8sIE5DIDI3NDAyLTYxNzAsIFVTQS48L2F1dGgtYWRkcmVzcz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5Db25k
dWN0aW5nIHRoZSB0cmFpbiBvZiB0aG91Z2h0OiB3b3JraW5nIG1lbW9yeSBjYXBhY2l0eSwgZ29h
bCBuZWdsZWN0LCBhbmQgbWluZCB3YW5kZXJpbmcgaW4gYW4gZXhlY3V0aXZlLWNvbnRyb2wgdGFz
azwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5Kb3VybmFsIG9mIGV4cGVyaW1lbnRhbCBwc3ljaG9s
b2d5LiBMZWFybmluZywgbWVtb3J5LCBhbmQgY29nbml0aW9uPC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PGFs
dC10aXRsZT5KIEV4cCBQc3ljaG9sIExlYXJuIE1lbSBDb2duPC9hbHQtdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+
PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+Sm91cm5hbCBvZiBleHBlcmltZW50YWwgcHN5Y2hvbG9n
eS4gTGVhcm5pbmcsIG1lbW9yeSwgYW5kIGNvZ25pdGlvbjwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPkog
RXhwIFBzeWNob2wgTGVhcm4gTWVtIENvZ248L2FiYnItMT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PGFsdC1wZXJp
b2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPkpvdXJuYWwgb2YgZXhwZXJpbWVudGFsIHBzeWNob2xvZ3kuIExl
YXJuaW5nLCBtZW1vcnksIGFuZCBjb2duaXRpb248L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5KIEV4cCBQ
c3ljaG9sIExlYXJuIE1lbSBDb2duPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9hbHQtcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48cGFnZXM+MTk2
LTIwNDwvcGFnZXM+PHZvbHVtZT4zNTwvdm9sdW1lPjxudW1iZXI+MTwvbnVtYmVyPjxlZGl0aW9u
PjIwMDkvMDIvMTM8L2VkaXRpb24+PGtleXdvcmRzPjxrZXl3b3JkPkFkb2xlc2NlbnQ8L2tleXdv
cmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QWR1bHQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QXR0ZW50aW9uLypwaHlzaW9sb2d5
PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkF0dGVudGlvbiBEZWZpY2l0IERpc29yZGVyIHdpdGggSHlwZXJh
Y3Rpdml0eS8qcGh5c2lvcGF0aG9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkRpc2NyaW1pbmF0aW9u
IExlYXJuaW5nL3BoeXNpb2xvZ3k8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+RXhlY3V0aXZlIEZ1bmN0aW9u
LypwaHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkZlbWFsZTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD4q
R29hbHM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+SHVtYW5zPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk1hbGU8L2tl
eXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TWVtb3J5LCBTaG9ydC1UZXJtLypwaHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxr
ZXl3b3JkPk1vZGVscywgU3RhdGlzdGljYWw8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TmV1cm9wc3ljaG9s
b2dpY2FsIFRlc3RzPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPlRlYWNoaW5nPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3Jk
PlRoaW5raW5nLypwaHlzaW9sb2d5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPllvdW5nIEFkdWx0PC9rZXl3
b3JkPjwva2V5d29yZHM+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMDk8L3llYXI+PHB1Yi1kYXRlcz48ZGF0ZT5K
YW48L2RhdGU+PC9wdWItZGF0ZXM+PC9kYXRlcz48aXNibj4xOTM5LTEyODUgKEVsZWN0cm9uaWMp
JiN4RDswMjc4LTczOTMgKExpbmtpbmcpPC9pc2JuPjxhY2Nlc3Npb24tbnVtPjE5MjEwMDkwPC9h
Y2Nlc3Npb24tbnVtPjx3b3JrLXR5cGU+UmVzZWFyY2ggU3VwcG9ydCwgTi5JLkguLCBFeHRyYW11
cmFsJiN4RDtSZXNlYXJjaCBTdXBwb3J0LCBOb24tVS5TLiBHb3YmYXBvczt0PC93b3JrLXR5cGU+
PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cubmNiaS5ubG0ubmloLmdvdi9wdWJt
ZWQvMTkyMTAwOTA8L3VybD48L3JlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48L3VybHM+PGN1c3RvbTI+Mjc1MDgwNjwv
Y3VzdG9tMj48ZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+MTAuMTAzNy9hMDAxNDEwNDwvZWxlY3Ry
b25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+PGxhbmd1YWdlPmVuZzwvbGFuZ3VhZ2U+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRl
PjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+TWNWYXk8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNOdW0+ODU8
L1JlY051bT48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjg1PC9yZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+
PGtleSBhcHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0idDBlZXJ0NXRuMHp6eGhlYXN2OXg1ZXNjdzVhYXh2d2Y1YXI1
Ij44NTwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUi
PjE3PC9yZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+TWNWYXksIEouIEMu
PC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5LYW5lLCBNLiBKLjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1
dG9ycz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5XaHkgZG9lcyB3b3JraW5nIG1lbW9yeSBjYXBhY2l0eSBwcmVk
aWN0IHZhcmlhdGlvbiBpbiByZWFkaW5nIGNvbXByZWhlbnNpb24/IE9uIHRoZSBpbmZsdWVuY2Ug
b2YgbWluZCB3YW5kZXJpbmcgYW5kIGV4ZWN1dGl2ZSBhdHRlbnRpb248L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRh
cnktdGl0bGU+Sm91cm5hbCBvZiBleHBlcmltZW50YWwgcHN5Y2hvbG9neS4gR2VuZXJhbDwvc2Vj
b25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjxhbHQtdGl0bGU+SiBFeHAgUHN5Y2hvbCBHZW48L2FsdC10aXRsZT48L3Rp
dGxlcz48cGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5Kb3VybmFsIG9mIGV4cGVyaW1lbnRhbCBwc3lj
aG9sb2d5LiBHZW5lcmFsPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+SiBFeHAgUHN5Y2hvbCBHZW48L2Fi
YnItMT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PGFsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPkpvdXJuYWwgb2Yg
ZXhwZXJpbWVudGFsIHBzeWNob2xvZ3kuIEdlbmVyYWw8L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5KIEV4
cCBQc3ljaG9sIEdlbjwvYWJici0xPjwvYWx0LXBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGVkaXRpb24+MjAxMS8wOC8z
MTwvZWRpdGlvbj48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAxMTwveWVhcj48cHViLWRhdGVzPjxkYXRlPkF1ZyAy
OTwvZGF0ZT48L3B1Yi1kYXRlcz48L2RhdGVzPjxpc2JuPjE5MzktMjIyMiAoRWxlY3Ryb25pYykm
I3hEOzAwMjItMTAxNSAoTGlua2luZyk8L2lzYm4+PGFjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+MjE4NzUyNDY8L2Fj
Y2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cubmNiaS5ubG0u
bmloLmdvdi9wdWJtZWQvMjE4NzUyNDY8L3VybD48L3JlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0
cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjEwMzcvYTAwMjUyNTA8L2VsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2Ut
bnVtPjxsYW5ndWFnZT5Fbmc8L2xhbmd1YWdlPjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48Q2l0ZT48QXV0aG9y
Pk1yYXplazwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTI8L1llYXI+PFJlY051bT45MTwvUmVjTnVtPjxyZWNv
cmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+OTE8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4i
IGRiLWlkPSJ0MGVlcnQ1dG4wenp4aGVhc3Y5eDVlc2N3NWFheHZ3ZjVhcjUiPjkxPC9rZXk+PC9m
b3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBl
Pjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5NcmF6ZWssIE0uIEQuPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1
dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2QsIEouPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5GcmFua2xpbiwgTS4gUy48L2F1dGhv
cj48YXV0aG9yPkNoaW4sIEouIE0uPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5CYWlyZCwgQi48L2F1dGhvcj48
YXV0aG9yPlNjaG9vbGVyLCBKLiBXLjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48
YXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPkRlcGFydG1lbnQgb2YgUHN5Y2hvbG9naWNhbCBhbmQgQnJhaW4gU2NpZW5j
ZXMuPC9hdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+VGhlIHJvbGUgb2YgbWluZC13YW5kZXJp
bmcgaW4gbWVhc3VyZW1lbnRzIG9mIGdlbmVyYWwgYXB0aXR1ZGU8L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRhcnkt
dGl0bGU+Sm91cm5hbCBvZiBleHBlcmltZW50YWwgcHN5Y2hvbG9neS4gR2VuZXJhbDwvc2Vjb25k
YXJ5LXRpdGxlPjxhbHQtdGl0bGU+SiBFeHAgUHN5Y2hvbCBHZW48L2FsdC10aXRsZT48L3RpdGxl
cz48cGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5Kb3VybmFsIG9mIGV4cGVyaW1lbnRhbCBwc3ljaG9s
b2d5LiBHZW5lcmFsPC9mdWxsLXRpdGxlPjxhYmJyLTE+SiBFeHAgUHN5Y2hvbCBHZW48L2FiYnIt
MT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PGFsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPkpvdXJuYWwgb2YgZXhw
ZXJpbWVudGFsIHBzeWNob2xvZ3kuIEdlbmVyYWw8L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5KIEV4cCBQ
c3ljaG9sIEdlbjwvYWJici0xPjwvYWx0LXBlcmlvZGljYWw+PHBhZ2VzPjc4OC05ODwvcGFnZXM+
PHZvbHVtZT4xNDE8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVyPjQ8L251bWJlcj48ZWRpdGlvbj4yMDEyLzA0LzA0
PC9lZGl0aW9uPjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDEyPC95ZWFyPjxwdWItZGF0ZXM+PGRhdGU+Tm92PC9k
YXRlPjwvcHViLWRhdGVzPjwvZGF0ZXM+PGlzYm4+MTkzOS0yMjIyIChFbGVjdHJvbmljKSYjeEQ7
MDAyMi0xMDE1IChMaW5raW5nKTwvaXNibj48YWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT4yMjQ2ODY2OTwvYWNjZXNz
aW9uLW51bT48dXJscz48cmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjx1cmw+aHR0cDovL3d3dy5uY2JpLm5sbS5uaWgu
Z292L3B1Ym1lZC8yMjQ2ODY2OTwvdXJsPjwvcmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjwvdXJscz48ZWxlY3Ryb25p
Yy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+MTAuMTAzNy9hMDAyNzk2ODwvZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+
PGxhbmd1YWdlPmVuZzwvbGFuZ3VhZ2U+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+VW5z
d29ydGg8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNOdW0+NDA5MjwvUmVjTnVtPjxyZWNv
cmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+NDA5MjwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJF
TiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+NDA5Mjwva2V5
PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3PC9yZWYt
dHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+VW5zd29ydGgsIE5hc2g8L2F1dGhv
cj48YXV0aG9yPk1jTWlsbGFuLCBCcml0dGFueSBEPC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJp
YnV0b3JzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPk1pbmQgd2FuZGVyaW5nIGFuZCByZWFkaW5nIGNvbXByZWhl
bnNpb246IEV4YW1pbmluZyB0aGUgcm9sZXMgb2Ygd29ya2luZyBtZW1vcnkgY2FwYWNpdHksIGlu
dGVyZXN0LCBtb3RpdmF0aW9uLCBhbmQgdG9waWMgZXhwZXJpZW5jZTwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFy
eS10aXRsZT5Kb3VybmFsIG9mIEV4cGVyaW1lbnRhbCBQc3ljaG9sb2d5OiBMZWFybmluZywgTWVt
b3J5LCBhbmQgQ29nbml0aW9uPC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+
PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+Sm91cm5hbCBvZiBFeHBlcmltZW50YWwgUHN5Y2hvbG9neTogTGVhcm5pbmcs
IE1lbW9yeSwgYW5kIENvZ25pdGlvbjwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PHBhZ2VzPjgz
MjwvcGFnZXM+PHZvbHVtZT4zOTwvdm9sdW1lPjxudW1iZXI+MzwvbnVtYmVyPjxkYXRlcz48eWVh
cj4yMDEzPC95ZWFyPjwvZGF0ZXM+PGlzYm4+MTkzOS0xMjg1PC9pc2JuPjx1cmxzPjwvdXJscz48
L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PC9FbmROb3RlPn==
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NY1ZheTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (McVay & Kane 2009, McVay & Kane 2011, Mrazek et al 2012a, Unsworth & McMillan 2013). By contrast, individuals with good cognitive control tend to produce more off-task thoughts when the environment is non-demanding ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Levinson</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>71</RecNum><DisplayText>(Levinson et al 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>71</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">71</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Levinson, D. B.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Davidson, R. J.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>1Laboratory for Affective Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison.</auth-address><titles><title>The Persistence of Thought: Evidence for a Role of Working Memory in the Maintenance of Task-Unrelated Thinking</title><secondary-title>Psychological science</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychol Sci</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></alt-periodical><edition>2012/03/17</edition><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Mar 14</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1467-9280 (Electronic)
0956-7976 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>22421205</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Levinson et al 2012) and this effect has also been observed outside of the laboratory PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LYW5lPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAwNzwvWWVhcj48UmVj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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LYW5lPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAwNzwvWWVhcj48UmVj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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Kane et al 2007). Together these data suggest that expertise in attentional control manifests as variations in the allocation of attention to internal and external sources depending on the demands of the environment. This is known as the context regulation hypothesis (see Box Five).Meta-cognition. In addition to executive control, meta-cognitive processes may also contribute to the regulation of mind-wandering ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Fox</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>5275</RecNum><DisplayText>(Fox & Christoff 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5275</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5275</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book Section">5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Fox, Kieran CR</author><author>Christoff, Kalina</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Metacognitive Facilitation of Spontaneous Thought Processes: When Metacognition Helps the Wandering Mind Find Its Way</title><secondary-title>The Cognitive Neuroscience of Metacognition</secondary-title></titles><pages>293-319</pages><dates><year>2014</year></dates><publisher>Springer</publisher><isbn>3642451896</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Fox & Christoff 2014). Allen and colleagues showed that participants who tended to vary in their attention between on task and off task states (as indexed by variability) tended to do show better meta-cognitive awareness of task performance ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Allen</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>4654</RecNum><DisplayText>(Allen et al 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4654</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4654</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Allen, M.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Christensen, J.</author><author>Gramm, D.</author><author>Rasmussen, B.</author><author>Jensen, C. G.</author><author>Roepstorff, A.</author><author>Lutz, A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>MindLAB, Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus, Denmark ; Department of Culture and Society, Interacting Minds Centre, Aarhus University Aarhus, Denmark.</auth-address><titles><title>The balanced mind: the variability of task-unrelated thoughts predicts error monitoring</title><secondary-title>Front Hum Neurosci</secondary-title><alt-title>Frontiers in human neuroscience</alt-title></titles><alt-periodical><full-title>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience</full-title></alt-periodical><pages>743</pages><volume>7</volume><edition>2013/11/14</edition><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>1662-5161 (Electronic)
1662-5161 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>24223545</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Allen et al 2013). Likewise, resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging has shown that the DMN is important in meta cognition for information from memory ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Baird</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>351</RecNum><DisplayText>(Baird 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>351</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">351</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Baird, B., Smallwood, J., Gorgolewski, K. & Margulies, D.S.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Medial and lateral networks in anterior prefrontal coretx support meta cognitive ability for memory and perception</title><secondary-title>Journal of Neuroscience</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Neuroscience</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2013</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Baird 2013). Finally, Mrazek and colleagues have shown that improving awareness of mind-wandering via meditation reduced the occurrence of the experience ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Mrazek</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>4798</RecNum><DisplayText>(Mrazek et al 2013b)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4798</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4798</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mrazek, M. D.</author><author>Phillips, D. T.</author><author>Franklin, M. S.</author><author>Broadway, J. M.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>Young and restless: validation of the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) reveals disruptive impact of mind-wandering for youth</title><secondary-title>Front Psychol</secondary-title><alt-title>Frontiers in psychology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Front Psychol</full-title><abbr-1>Frontiers in psychology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Frontiers in psychology</full-title><abbr-1>Front Psychol</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>560</pages><volume>4</volume><edition>2013/08/30</edition><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>1664-1078 (Electronic)</isbn><accession-num>23986739</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Mrazek et al 2013b).Open questions One important question is what process controls the motivation for mind-wandering. Eric Klinger and colleagues demonstrated that a critical reason for mind-wandering is because people are committed to goals that extend beyond the here and now, referred to as current concerns PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LbGluZ2VyPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MTk2NzwvWWVhcj48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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LbGluZ2VyPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MTk2NzwvWWVhcj48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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Klinger 1967, Klinger 1973, Klinger 1984, Klinger 2013). This view hypothesises that conscious thought is attracted to the most salient information and explains why our mind frequently turns inward under conditions when the external environment is relatively uninteresting. Consistent with this hypothesis studies have shown that financial motivation to perform the task reduces mind-wandering ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Mrazek</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>91</RecNum><DisplayText>(Mrazek et al 2012a)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>91</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">91</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mrazek, M. D.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Franklin, M. S.</author><author>Chin, J. M.</author><author>Baird, B.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences.</auth-address><titles><title>The role of mind-wandering in measurements of general aptitude</title><secondary-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</secondary-title><alt-title>J Exp Psychol Gen</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</full-title><abbr-1>J Exp Psychol Gen</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</full-title><abbr-1>J Exp Psychol Gen</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>788-98</pages><volume>141</volume><number>4</number><edition>2012/04/04</edition><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1939-2222 (Electronic)
0022-1015 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>22468669</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Mrazek et al 2012a).5. Costs and benefits of the mind-wandering stateAlthough the necessity of external attention to guide behaviour is self-evident, the value of mind-wandering is less clear. Indeed, more than a decade of research has revealed the broad range of situations under which the tendency to mind-wander has a negative influence on task performance. By contrast, studies suggest that the tendency to mind wander is common across different cultures, and the relatively high frequency of the experience suggests that it is a normal, rather than pathological aspect of the human condition. This section considers the evidence of costs and benefits of mind-wandering with a view to emphasising that the context in which the experience occurs and the content of the experience itself can determine the functional consequences of this state (see Box Five). It will then consider the potential benefits that the mind-wandering state allows.Mind-wandering and ongoing performanceMind-wandering has been linked to poor outcomes in a wide range of tasks, such as those common in education PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5VbnN3b3J0aDwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTI8L1llYXI+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==
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5VbnN3b3J0aDwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTI8L1llYXI+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==
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Szpunar et al 2013b, Unsworth et al 2012). For example, mind-wandering impairs comprehension during reading PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GcmFua2xpbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTE8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GcmFua2xpbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTE8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Dixon & Bortolussi 2013, Feng et al 2013, Franklin et al 2011, Jackson & Balota 2012, McVay & Kane 2011, Schooler et al 2004, Smallwood et al 2013a, Smallwood et al 2008c, Unsworth & McMillan 2013) and during a lecture PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GYXJsZXk8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GYXJsZXk8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Farley et al 2013, Szpunar et al 2013a).Although, mind-wandering tends to be generally associated with poor performance it is generally less disruptive in tasks in which monitoring and encoding immediate input is less important ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ruby</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>356</RecNum><DisplayText>(Ruby 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>356</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">356</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ruby, F. J.M., Smallwood, J. Sakur, J., & Singer, T. </author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Is self-generated thought a means to social problem solving?</title><secondary-title>Frontiers in Perception</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Frontiers in Perception</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2014</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Ruby 2014), or when performance is automated ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Teasdale</Author><Year>1995</Year><RecNum>3961</RecNum><DisplayText>(Teasdale et al 1995)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>3961</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">3961</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Teasdale, J. D.</author><author>Dritschel, B. H.</author><author>Taylor, M. J.</author><author>Proctor, L.</author><author>Lloyd, C. A.</author><author>Nimmo-Smith, I.</author><author>Baddeley, A. D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>MRC Applied Psychology Unit, Cambridge, England.</auth-address><titles><title>Stimulus-independent thought depends on central executive resources</title><secondary-title>Memory & cognition</secondary-title><alt-title>Memory & cognition</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Memory & cognition</full-title><abbr-1>Mem Cognit</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Memory & cognition</full-title><abbr-1>Mem Cognit</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>551-9</pages><volume>23</volume><number>5</number><edition>1995/09/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>*Attention</keyword><keyword>*Awareness</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>*Imagination</keyword><keyword>Middle Aged</keyword><keyword>Phonetics</keyword><keyword>Problem Solving</keyword><keyword>Psychomotor Performance</keyword><keyword>*Thinking</keyword><keyword>Verbal Behavior</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1995</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0090-502X (Print)
0090-502X (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>7476241</accession-num><work-type>Clinical Trial
Randomized Controlled Trial</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>;(Teasdale et al 1995). These contextual variations in the relationship between mind-wandering and ongoing performance highlight that the costs of the experience can be better understood by taking into account the context in which it occurs. This is known as the context-regulation hypothesis and is discussed in Box Five PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbmRyZXdz4oCQSGFubmE8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDE0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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbmRyZXdz4oCQSGFubmE8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDE0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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Andrews‐Hanna et al 2014, Smallwood & Andrews-Hanna 2013).One implication of the context regulation hypothesis is that cognitive functioning may be maximized if mind-wandering is limited to non-demanding circumstances, rather than avoided entirely. Support for this view comes from a variety of sources, including studies that examine the relationship between mind-wandering and control and those investigating its relationship to the capacity to delay gratification. When tasks make consistent demands on external attention, individuals with good executive control tend to limit the occurrence of task unrelated self-generated-thought PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NY1ZheTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NY1ZheTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (McVay & Kane 2009, McVay & Kane 2011, Mrazek et al 2012a, Unsworth & McMillan 2013). By contrast, when tasks make fewer demands, executive control tends to maximise the occurrence of task-unrelated-thought both inside PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5MZXZpbnNvbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTI8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5MZXZpbnNvbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTI8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Levinson et al 2012, Rummel & Boywitt 2014) and outside of the laboratory PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LYW5lPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAwNzwvWWVhcj48UmVj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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LYW5lPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAwNzwvWWVhcj48UmVj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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Kane et al 2007). This facilitation is especially true of mind-wandering episodes in which the content is related to the future ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Baird</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>12</RecNum><DisplayText>(Baird et al 2011)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>12</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">12</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Baird, B.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9660, United States.</auth-address><titles><title>Back to the future: Autobiographical planning and the functionality of mind-wandering</title><secondary-title>Consciousness and cognition</secondary-title><alt-title>Conscious Cogn</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Consciousness and cognition</full-title><abbr-1>Conscious Cogn</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Consciousness and cognition</full-title><abbr-1>Conscious Cogn</abbr-1></alt-periodical><edition>2011/09/16</edition><dates><year>2011</year><pub-dates><date>Sep 12</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1090-2376 (Electronic)
1053-8100 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>21917482</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Baird et al 2011). Consistent with the context regulation hypothesis, future thinking is not associated with higher working memory when external task demands are especially strong. Altogether these results suggest that effective executive control can suppress task unrelated self-generated-thought when external demands are high, but when demands are low they will take advantage of their excess resources and indulge in mind-wandering.A particularly troubling aspect of mind-wandering is its relation to poor performance on demanding tasks that require general intellectual functioning. Mrazek et al found that mind-wandering was associated with disrupted performance on a range of tasks involving executive control ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Mrazek</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>91</RecNum><DisplayText>(Mrazek et al 2012a)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>91</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">91</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mrazek, M. D.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Franklin, M. S.</author><author>Chin, J. M.</author><author>Baird, B.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences.</auth-address><titles><title>The role of mind-wandering in measurements of general aptitude</title><secondary-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</secondary-title><alt-title>J Exp Psychol Gen</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</full-title><abbr-1>J Exp Psychol Gen</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</full-title><abbr-1>J Exp Psychol Gen</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>788-98</pages><volume>141</volume><number>4</number><edition>2012/04/04</edition><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1939-2222 (Electronic)
0022-1015 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>22468669</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Mrazek et al 2012a). Critically, it was demonstrated that an individuals’ tendency to mind-wander while taking working memory and intelligence tests was predictive of their prior SAT performance. Structural equation modelling based on these measures derived two latent variables: one corresponding to mind-wandering during the working memory and intelligence measures and the other to general aptitude on these measures as well as the SAT. Strikingly, at the latent-variable level, mind-wandering predicted 49% of the variance in general aptitude. Consistent with the context-regulation hypothesis the ability to avoid mind-wandering while engaging in a demanding task is a primary component of general intellectual ability, at least as measured by aptitude tests.Further support for the context regulation hypothesis comes from studies that explore how mind-wandering is related to an individual’s capacity to delay gratification: The ability to disregard smaller immediate rewards in favour of greater rewards in the future ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Mischel</Author><Year>1964</Year><RecNum>4530</RecNum><DisplayText>(Mischel & Gilligan 1964)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4530</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4530</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mischel, W.</author><author>Gilligan, C.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Delay of Gratification, Motivation for the Prohibited Gratification, and Responses to Temptation</title><secondary-title>Journal of abnormal psychology</secondary-title><alt-title>Journal of abnormal psychology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of abnormal psychology</full-title><abbr-1>J Abnorm Psychol</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Journal of abnormal psychology</full-title><abbr-1>J Abnorm Psychol</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>411-7</pages><volume>69</volume><edition>1964/10/01</edition><keywords><keyword>*Achievement</keyword><keyword>*Behavior</keyword><keyword>*Character</keyword><keyword>*Child</keyword><keyword>*Motivation</keyword><keyword>*Reward</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1964</year><pub-dates><date>Oct</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-843X (Print)
0021-843X (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>14213305</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Mischel & Gilligan 1964). Superior delayed gratification is known to be predictive of positive attributes such as greater intelligence ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Shamosh</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>4088</RecNum><DisplayText>(Shamosh & Gray 2008)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4088</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4088</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Shamosh, Noah A</author><author>Gray, Jeremy R</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Delay discounting and intelligence: A meta-analysis</title><secondary-title>Intelligence</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Intelligence</full-title></periodical><pages>289-305</pages><volume>36</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>2008</year></dates><isbn>0160-2896</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Shamosh & Gray 2008). Studies have shown that individuals who make patient temporal economic decisions tend to report more self-generated-thought primarily when external demands are low PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CZXJuaGFyZHQ8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj5pbiBwcmVzczwv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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CZXJuaGFyZHQ8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj5pbiBwcmVzczwv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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Bernhardt in press, Smallwood et al 2013b). The linkage between delay gratification and the capacity to regulate the occurrence of mind-wandering may reflect a capacity to titrate experiential demands in a strategic fashion in line with external conditions. Work exploring the link between ADHD, a disorder characterised by impulsivity, and mind-wandering suggests that ADHD prone individuals fail to accurately trade-off the value of their thoughts with respect to the demands of the external task ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Franklin</Author><Year> Under Review</Year><RecNum>5287</RecNum><DisplayText>(Franklin & Schooler. Under Review)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5287</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5287</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Franklin, M.S., Mrazek, M.D., Anderson, C.L., Smallwood., J., Kingstone, A., &</author><author>Schooler., J.W.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Tracking distraction: The relationship between mind-wandering, meta-awareness, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomatology</title></titles><dates><year> Under Review</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Franklin & Schooler. Under Review). The benefits of a wandering mindAs well as understanding how the costs of mind-wandering emerge, researchers have begun to investigate and speculate about its potential benefits (for recent reviews see PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Mooneyham & Schooler 2013, Smallwood & Andrews-Hanna 2013).Prospection Mind-wandering is often focused on the future which would facilitate the benefits that prospection can bring to daily life PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CYXVtZWlzdGVyPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMDwvWWVh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==
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CYXVtZWlzdGVyPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMDwvWWVh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==
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Baumeister & Masicampo 2010, Baumeister et al 2011). The benefit of future planning during mind-wandering may depend on the processes of mental contrasting ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Oettingen</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5437</RecNum><DisplayText>(Oettingen & Schw?rer 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5437</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5437</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Oettingen, Gabriele</author><author>Schw?rer, Bettina</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Mind wandering via mental contrasting as a tool for behavior change</title><secondary-title>Frontiers in psychology</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Frontiers in psychology</full-title><abbr-1>Front Psychol</abbr-1></periodical><volume>4</volume><dates><year>2013</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Oettingen & Schw?rer 2013), whereby individuals consider both the potential obstacles to their goal and the benefits that will be accrued if those obstacles are overcome.Creativity A second beneficial outcome from mind-wandering is the capacity to generate novel, creative thoughts. There is a fundamental similarity between the creative experience and the self-generated-thoughts that arise during mind-wandering: Both are illustrative of experiences people generate that are discrepant from the current or dominant psychological interpretations of the task environment. Consistent with this broad similarity ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Baird</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>11</RecNum><DisplayText>(Baird et al 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>11</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">11</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Baird, B.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Mrazek, M. D.</author><author>Kam, J. W.</author><author>Franklin, M. S.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara.</auth-address><titles><title>Inspired by distraction: mind wandering facilitates creative incubation</title><secondary-title>Psychological science</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychol Sci</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1117-22</pages><volume>23</volume><number>10</number><edition>2012/09/04</edition><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Oct 1</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1467-9280 (Electronic)
0956-7976 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>22941876</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Baird et al 2012) found a relationship between people’s tendency to mind-wander and their performance on the unusual uses test, a measure of divergent thinking ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Guilford</Author><Year>1959</Year><RecNum>4524</RecNum><DisplayText>(Guilford et al 1959)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4524</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4524</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Guilford, J. P.</author><author>Fruchter, B.</author><author>Kelley, H. P.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Development and Applications of Tests of Intellectual and Special Aptitudes</title><secondary-title>Review of Educational Research</secondary-title><alt-title>Rev Educ Res</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Review of Educational Research</full-title><abbr-1>Rev Educ Res</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Review of Educational Research</full-title><abbr-1>Rev Educ Res</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>26-41</pages><volume>29</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>1959</year></dates><isbn>0034-6543</isbn><accession-num>ISI:A1959CAC3900004</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url><Go to ISI>://A1959CAC3900004</url></related-urls></urls><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote>(Guilford et al 1959). Moreover circumstances conducive to mind-wandering (i.e. engaging in a non-demanding task) resulted in a greater incubation benefit relative to those that required either continual external attention, or periods of idle rest ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Baird</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>11</RecNum><DisplayText>(Baird et al 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>11</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">11</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Baird, B.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Mrazek, M. D.</author><author>Kam, J. W.</author><author>Franklin, M. S.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara.</auth-address><titles><title>Inspired by distraction: mind wandering facilitates creative incubation</title><secondary-title>Psychological science</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychol Sci</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1117-22</pages><volume>23</volume><number>10</number><edition>2012/09/04</edition><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Oct 1</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1467-9280 (Electronic)
0956-7976 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>22941876</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Baird et al 2012). In a related study, Ruby and colleagues found a positive relationship between mind-wandering and the tendency to generate solution steps in a social problem solving task ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ruby</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>356</RecNum><DisplayText>(Ruby 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>356</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">356</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ruby, F. J.M., Smallwood, J. Sakur, J., & Singer, T. </author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Is self-generated thought a means to social problem solving?</title><secondary-title>Frontiers in Perception</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Frontiers in Perception</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2014</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Ruby 2014). Thus, a second outcome of mind-wandering could be the self-generation of pathways to problem solution, perhaps because both depend on a capacity to generate mental contents that are divergent from current reality (see section on Mind-wandering in everyday life for further discussion).Meaning Another potential value of mind-wandering may be enabling people to place their experience in a meaningful context. Finding meaning in one’s personal experiences can foster well-being ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Janoff-Bulman</Author><RecNum>5479</RecNum><DisplayText>(Janoff-Bulman)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5479</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5479</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Generic">13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Janoff-Bulman, R</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Shattered assumptions: towards a new psychology of trauma. 1992</title></titles><dates></dates><publisher>Free Press, New York</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Janoff-Bulman) and enhance health outcomes ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Taylor</Author><Year>2000</Year><RecNum>5480</RecNum><DisplayText>(Taylor et al 2000)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5480</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5480</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Taylor, Shelley E</author><author>Kemeny, Margaret E</author><author>Reed, Geoffrey M</author><author>Bower, Julienne E</author><author>Gruenewald, Tara L</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Psychological resources, positive illusions, and health</title><secondary-title>American Psychologist</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>American Psychologist</full-title><abbr-1>Am Psychol</abbr-1></periodical><pages>99</pages><volume>55</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2000</year></dates><isbn>1557987041</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Taylor et al 2000). Research indicates that engaging in mental time travel, particularly thinking about specific remembered or anticipated events can enhance people’s self-reported meaning in life (Waytz, Hershfield &Tamir, in press). Given that mind-wandering routinely entails thinking about past or future events, it may provide an important context for integrating experienced and anticipated events into a meaningful life narrative.Mental breaks. Mind-wandering may also be useful by providing mental breaks from monotonous activities that may help to relieve boredom. For example, Baird, Smallwood, & Schooler (2010) found that the reduction in mood associated with engaging in a boring task was attenuated for those individuals who regularly engaged in mind-wandering. Similarly, Ruby and colleagues (2013) showed that self-generated-thought focused on the future could help remediate an unpleasant mood. The mental breaks associated with mind-wandering may also enable dishabituation. Specifically, engaging in mind-wandering may provide breaks that serve the equivalent of spaced learning in memory paradigms or that attenuate the inhibition that builds up in semantic satiation.Parallels to night dreaming. Ultimately it is plausible that mind-wandering will be found to serve a functional role that rivals that of dreaming. Indeed there are parallels between mind-wandering and dreaming ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Fox</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5481</RecNum><DisplayText>(Fox et al 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5481</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5481</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Fox, Kieran CR</author><author>Nijeboer, Savannah</author><author>Solomonova, Elizaveta</author><author>Domhoff, G William</author><author>Christoff, Kalina</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Dreaming as mind wandering: evidence from functional neuroimaging and first-person content reports</title><secondary-title>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience</full-title></periodical><volume>7</volume><dates><year>2013</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Fox et al 2013): Both require that attention is decoupled from perceptual input and are accompanied by self-generated-thought (e.g. dreams), both involve dampened executive and meta-cognitive processing, and both have been linked to benefits in creative incubation ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Cai</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>5482</RecNum><DisplayText>(Cai et al 2009)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5482</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5482</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Cai, Denise J</author><author>Mednick, Sarnoff A</author><author>Harrison, Elizabeth M</author><author>Kanady, Jennifer C</author><author>Mednick, Sara C</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>REM, not incubation, improves creativity by priming associative networks</title><secondary-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</full-title></periodical><pages>10130-10134</pages><volume>106</volume><number>25</number><dates><year>2009</year></dates><isbn>0027-8424</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Cai et al 2009). Moreover, a substantial proportion of both dreams ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Armitage</Author><Year>1995</Year><RecNum>5484</RecNum><DisplayText>(Armitage et al 1995)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5484</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5484</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Armitage, Roseanne</author><author>Rochlen, Aaron</author><author>Fitch, Thomas</author><author>Trivedi, Madhukar</author><author>Rush, A John</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Dream recall and major depression: A preliminary report</title><secondary-title>Dreaming</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Dreaming</full-title></periodical><pages>189</pages><volume>5</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>1995</year></dates><isbn>1573-3351</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Armitage et al 1995) and mind-wandering episodes PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LaWxsaW5nc3dvcnRoPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMDwv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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LaWxsaW5nc3dvcnRoPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMDwv
WWVhcj48UmVjTnVtPjY2PC9SZWNOdW0+PERpc3BsYXlUZXh0PihLaWxsaW5nc3dvcnRoICZhbXA7
IEdpbGJlcnQgMjAxMCwgUnVieSAyMDEzKTwvRGlzcGxheVRleHQ+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJl
cj42NjwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVy
dDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+NjY8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48
cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9y
cz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPktpbGxpbmdzd29ydGgsIE0uIEEuPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5H
aWxiZXJ0LCBELiBULjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aC1hZGRy
ZXNzPkhhcnZhcmQgVW5pdmVyc2l0eSwgQ2FtYnJpZGdlLCBNQSAwMjEzOCwgVVNBLiBta2lsbGlu
Z0BmYXMuaGFydmFyZC5lZHU8L2F1dGgtYWRkcmVzcz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5BIHdhbmRlcmlu
ZyBtaW5kIGlzIGFuIHVuaGFwcHkgbWluZDwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5TY2llbmNl
PC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PGFsdC10aXRsZT5TY2llbmNlPC9hbHQtdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+
PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+U2NpZW5jZTwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPlNjaWVu
Y2U8L2FiYnItMT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PGFsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxlPlNjaWVu
Y2U8L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5TY2llbmNlPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9hbHQtcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48
cGFnZXM+OTMyPC9wYWdlcz48dm9sdW1lPjMzMDwvdm9sdW1lPjxudW1iZXI+NjAwNjwvbnVtYmVy
PjxlZGl0aW9uPjIwMTAvMTEvMTM8L2VkaXRpb24+PGtleXdvcmRzPjxrZXl3b3JkPkFkb2xlc2Nl
bnQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QWR1bHQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QWdlZDwva2V5d29y
ZD48a2V5d29yZD5BZ2VkLCA4MCBhbmQgb3Zlcjwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD4qQXR0ZW50aW9u
PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkNlbGx1bGFyIFBob25lPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPipIYXBw
aW5lc3M8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+SHVtYW5zPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkludGVybmV0
PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk1hbGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TWlkZGxlIEFnZWQ8L2tl
eXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+UmVncmVzc2lvbiBBbmFseXNpczwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5Tb2Z0
d2FyZTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD4qVGhpbmtpbmc8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+WW91bmcg
QWR1bHQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PC9rZXl3b3Jkcz48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAxMDwveWVhcj48cHViLWRh
dGVzPjxkYXRlPk5vdiAxMjwvZGF0ZT48L3B1Yi1kYXRlcz48L2RhdGVzPjxpc2JuPjEwOTUtOTIw
MyAoRWxlY3Ryb25pYykmI3hEOzAwMzYtODA3NSAoTGlua2luZyk8L2lzYm4+PGFjY2Vzc2lvbi1u
dW0+MjEwNzE2NjA8L2FjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPmh0dHA6
Ly93d3cubmNiaS5ubG0ubmloLmdvdi9wdWJtZWQvMjEwNzE2NjA8L3VybD48dXJsPmh0dHA6Ly93
d3cuc2NpZW5jZW1hZy5vcmcvY29udGVudC8zMzAvNjAwNi85MzIuZnVsbC5wZGY8L3VybD48L3Jl
bGF0ZWQtdXJscz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjExMjYvc2NpZW5j
ZS4xMTkyNDM5PC9lbGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51bT48bGFuZ3VhZ2U+ZW5nPC9sYW5ndWFn
ZT48L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5SdWJ5PC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMzwv
WWVhcj48UmVjTnVtPjM1MjwvUmVjTnVtPjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+MzUyPC9yZWMtbnVt
YmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0idDBlZXJ0NXRuMHp6eGhlYXN2
OXg1ZXNjdzVhYXh2d2Y1YXI1Ij4zNTI8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFt
ZT0iSm91cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48
YXV0aG9yPlJ1YnksIEYuSi5NLiwgU21hbGx3b29kLCBKLiwgRW5nZW4sIEguICZhbXA7IFNpbmdl
ciwgVC48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+SG93
IHNlbGYtZ2VuZXJhdGVkIHRob3VnaHQgc2hhcGVzIG1vb2Q8L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0
bGU+UHVibGljIExpYnJhcnkgb2YgU2NpZW5jZSBPbmU8L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48L3RpdGxl
cz48cGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5QdWJsaWMgTGlicmFyeSBvZiBTY2llbmNlIE9uZTwv
ZnVsbC10aXRsZT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMTM8L3llYXI+PC9kYXRlcz48
dXJscz48L3VybHM+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjwvRW5kTm90ZT4A
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Killingsworth & Gilbert 2010, Ruby 2013) focus on negative content. Quite plausibly in both cases this negative content may be useful by encouraging the simulation of, and thereby preparedness for, potential threats ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Revonsuo</Author><Year>2000</Year><RecNum>5483</RecNum><DisplayText>(Revonsuo 2000)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5483</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5483</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Revonsuo, Antti</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The reinterpretation of dreams: An evolutionary hypothesis of the function of dreaming</title><secondary-title>Behavioral and Brain Sciences</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Behavioral and Brain Sciences</full-title><abbr-1>Behav Brain Sci</abbr-1></periodical><pages>877-901</pages><volume>23</volume><number>06</number><dates><year>2000</year></dates><isbn>1469-1825</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Revonsuo 2000). In fact in the case of mind-wandering given that the thoughts that occur during mind-wandering are explicitly directed to the future, this hypothesis may be more pertinent to daily than night time self-generated-thought.6. Mind-wandering in daily lifeOne of the most significant aspects of mind-wandering is its relevance to everyday experience. Many everyday activities may be vulnerable to the effects of mind-wandering. The experience is costly in educational contexts because it can profoundly undermine reading comprehension ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Schooler</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>340</RecNum><DisplayText>(Schooler et al 2004)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>340</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">340</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Schooler, J. W.</author><author>Reichle, E. D.</author><author>Halpern, D. V.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA</auth-address><titles><title>Zoning out while reading: Evidence for dissociations between experience and metaconsciousness</title><secondary-title>Thinking and Seeing</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Thinking and Seeing</full-title></periodical><pages>203-226</pages><keywords><keyword>eye-movement control</keyword><keyword>anterior cingulate cortex</keyword><keyword>fixation locations</keyword><keyword>word-frequency</keyword><keyword>comprehension</keyword><keyword>consciousness</keyword><keyword>metacomprehension</keyword><keyword>information</keyword><keyword>performance</keyword><keyword>model</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2004</year></dates><accession-num>ISI:000226009600011</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url><Go to ISI>://000226009600011</url></related-urls></urls><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote>(Schooler et al 2004), attending to lectures ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Szpunar</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>878</RecNum><DisplayText>(Szpunar et al 2013a)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>878</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">878</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Szpunar, K. K.</author><author>Khan, N. Y.</author><author>Schacter, D. L.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Szpunar, KK
Harvard Univ, Dept Psychol, 33 Kirkland St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
Harvard Univ, Dept Psychol, 33 Kirkland St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
Harvard Univ, Dept Psychol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA</auth-address><titles><title>Interpolated memory tests reduce mind wandering and improve learning of online lectures</title><secondary-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</secondary-title><alt-title>P Natl Acad Sci USA</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</full-title><abbr-1>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</abbr-1></periodical><pages>6313-6317</pages><volume>110</volume><number>16</number><keywords><keyword>testing effects</keyword><keyword>massive open online courses</keyword><keyword>proactive-interference</keyword><keyword>band oscillations</keyword><keyword>attention</keyword><keyword>information</keyword><keyword>retrieval</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Apr 16</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0027-8424</isbn><accession-num>ISI:000318041500027</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url><Go to ISI>://000318041500027</url><url> 10.1073/pnas.1221764110</electronic-resource-num><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote>(Szpunar et al 2013a), and even test taking ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Mrazek</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>91</RecNum><DisplayText>(Mrazek et al 2012a)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>91</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">91</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mrazek, M. D.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Franklin, M. S.</author><author>Chin, J. M.</author><author>Baird, B.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences.</auth-address><titles><title>The role of mind-wandering in measurements of general aptitude</title><secondary-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</secondary-title><alt-title>J Exp Psychol Gen</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</full-title><abbr-1>J Exp Psychol Gen</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</full-title><abbr-1>J Exp Psychol Gen</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>788-98</pages><volume>141</volume><number>4</number><edition>2012/04/04</edition><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1939-2222 (Electronic)
0022-1015 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>22468669</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Mrazek et al 2012a). Driving is also especially vulnerable to mind-wandering. Mind-wandering increases drivers’ velocities and response times to sudden events, while reducing the amount of headway distance that they maintain ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Yanko</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5546</RecNum><DisplayText>(Yanko & Spalek 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5546</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5546</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Yanko, Matthew R</author><author>Spalek, Thomas M</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Driving With the Wandering Mind The Effect That Mind-Wandering Has on Driving Performance</title><secondary-title>Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society</full-title></periodical><pages>0018720813495280</pages><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>0018-7208</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Yanko & Spalek 2013). Epidemiological investigations of victims of car accidents provide further evidence of the likely contribution that mind-wandering may have in driving accidents ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Galera</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>46</RecNum><DisplayText>(Galera et al 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>46</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">46</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Galera, C.</author><author>Orriols, L.</author><author>M'Bailara, K.</author><author>Laborey, M.</author><author>Contrand, B.</author><author>Ribereau-Gayon, R.</author><author>Masson, F.</author><author>Bakiri, S.</author><author>Gabaude, C.</author><author>Fort, A.</author><author>Maury, B.</author><author>Lemercier, C.</author><author>Cours, M.</author><author>Bouvard, M. P.</author><author>Lagarde, E.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>ISPED, Centre INSERM U897-Epidemiologie-Biostatistique, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.</auth-address><titles><title>Mind wandering and driving: responsibility case-control study</title><secondary-title>BMJ</secondary-title><alt-title>Bmj</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>BMJ</full-title><abbr-1>Bmj</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>BMJ</full-title><abbr-1>Bmj</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>e8105</pages><volume>345</volume><edition>2012/12/18</edition><dates><year>2012</year></dates><isbn>1756-1833 (Electronic)
0959-535X (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>23241270</accession-num><work-type>Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>;(Galera et al 2012). Galera and colleagues queried accident victims in emergency rooms regarding their circumstances immediately before the crash. Although a variety of factors discriminated the responsible from the non-responsible driver (including alcohol consumption, external distraction, negative affect, psychotropic drug use, and sleep deprivation) being deeply absorbed in mind-wandering was the single best predictor of accident responsibility.Even specialists are susceptible to mind-wandering. Aviation is one domain in which mind-wandering appears to be pervasive. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Casner</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5487</RecNum><DisplayText>(Casner & Schooler 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5487</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5487</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Casner, Stephen M</author><author>Schooler, Jonathan W</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Thoughts in Flight Automation Use and Pilots’ Task-Related and Task-Unrelated Thought</title><secondary-title>Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>0018-7208</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Casner & Schooler 2013) used ES with professional pilots in a full-motion 747-400 flight simulator certified for airline training and testing. In support of the context regulation hypothesis, pilots’ were especially likely to report mind-wandering when engaging in flight segments that were going smoothly relative to segments in which they were having some difficulty. A follow up study revealed that when taking the role of co-pilot, mind-wandering was nearly as twice as often as when they were in the role of the pilot. Moreover, co-pilots no longer evidenced the capacity to reign in mind-wandering when performance was challenged. Together these findings suggest that even highly trained experts can mind-wander in their domain of expertise, and while they may often manage to limit mind-wandering to times that are minimally disruptive, at least sometimes they fail to do this. An important area for future research is to explore the many other domains in which mind-wandering may impair performance. Most of the research on everyday mind-wandering focuses on the many situations in which mind-wandering has detrimental consequences. Nevertheless, one recent study, suggests an important real world context in which mind-wandering may be helpful. Gable, Hopper, Mrazek, & Schooler (under review), examined the situations surrounding the generation of creative ideas by professional writers and physicists. Every evening for two weeks, participants responded to a questionnaire that asked them to indicate if they had any creative ideas that day, and, if so, to indicate the situation and the estimated quality of the idea. Nearly 1/3 of participants creative ideas occurred when they were engaged in a non-work related activity and/or thinking about something unrelated to the topic. Moreover, although creative ideas that occurred during mind-wandering were not rated overall as more creative, they were more likely to be characterized as involving an “aha” experience, and contributing to overcoming an impasse. These preliminary findings bear out many anecdotal reports that important creative ideas occur while mind-wandering.7. Techniques for minimizing the disrupting effects of mind-wanderingThe many situations in which mind-wandering can be disruptive naturally raise the question of what strategies can be brought to bear in order to minimize its negative consequences.Mindfulness trainingPractices that encourage individuals to be mindful of the present are currently the most empirically validated technique for minimizing the disruptive effects of mind-wandering. For example, PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NcmF6ZWs8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NcmF6ZWs8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Mrazek et al 2013a) compared the impact of a 2 week mindfulness training program to an active control (nutrition training). They found that mindfulness training significantly reduced mind-wandering on both reading and working memory measures which partially mediated concomitant improvements on both tasks. Mindfulness programs have reduced mind-wandering and enhanced people’s performance on several other tasks including vigilance task ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Jha</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>5531</RecNum><DisplayText>(Jha et al 2010)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5531</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5531</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Jha, Amishi P</author><author>Stanley, Elizabeth A</author><author>Kiyonaga, Anastasia</author><author>Wong, Ling</author><author>Gelfand, Lois</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Examining the protective effects of mindfulness training on working memory capacity and affective experience</title><secondary-title>Emotion</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Emotion</full-title><abbr-1>Emotion</abbr-1></periodical><pages>54</pages><volume>10</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2010</year></dates><isbn>1931-1516</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Jha et al 2010). Even a simple 10 minute mindful breathing exercise can reduce absent-minded errors on a simple vigilance task ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Mrazek</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>92</RecNum><DisplayText>(Mrazek et al 2012b)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>92</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">92</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mrazek, M. D.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Mindfulness and mind-wandering: Finding convergence through opposing constructs</title><secondary-title>Emotion</secondary-title><alt-title>Emotion</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Emotion</full-title><abbr-1>Emotion</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Emotion</full-title><abbr-1>Emotion</abbr-1></alt-periodical><edition>2012/02/09</edition><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Feb 6</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1931-1516 (Electronic)
1528-3542 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>22309719</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Mrazek et al 2012b).Meta-awarenessSeveral lines of research are consistent with the hypothesis that regularly “checking in” on the contents of one’s mind may help to curtail episodes of mind-wandering. Franklin et al found that the association between ADHD symptoms and mind-wandering related disruptions in everyday life, was partially mediated by the degree to which individuals routinely noticed their mind-wandering ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Franklin</Author><Year> Under Review</Year><RecNum>5287</RecNum><DisplayText>(Franklin & Schooler. Under Review)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5287</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5287</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Franklin, M.S., Mrazek, M.D., Anderson, C.L., Smallwood., J., Kingstone, A., &</author><author>Schooler., J.W.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Tracking distraction: The relationship between mind-wandering, meta-awareness, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomatology</title></titles><dates><year> Under Review</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Franklin & Schooler. Under Review). Finally, the beneficial effects of mindfulness training may in part stem from the fact that this practice encourages people to routinely take notice of the contents of their thoughts (see above). Although more research is clearly needed, encouraging people to regularly take stock of whether or not they are mind-wandering may help curtailing its disruptive effects.Task Engagement Unquestionably one of the most effective ways to avoid mind-wandering is to participate in activities that encourage individuals to feel engaged in the task. For example, Szpunar et al (2013) found that interpolating periodic memory tests into on line lecture material markedly reduced mind-wandering which in turn led to improved retention of the lecture material. Other techniques that have increased individuals engagement with the material, and thereby reduced mind-wandering include: offering motivational incentives PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbnRyb2J1czwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5Njc8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbnRyb2J1czwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5Njc8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Antrobus et al 1967, Antrobus et al 1970), increasing the intrinsic interest ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Grodsky</Author><Year>1990</Year><RecNum>5533</RecNum><DisplayText>(Grodsky & Giambra 1990, Unsworth & McMillan 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5533</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5533</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Grodsky, Alicia</author><author>Giambra, Leonard M</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The consistency across vigilance and reading tasks of individual differences in the occurrence of task-unrelated and task-related images and thoughts</title><secondary-title>Imagination, cognition and personality</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Imagination, cognition and personality</full-title></periodical><pages>39-52</pages><volume>10</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>1990</year></dates><isbn>0276-2366</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Unsworth</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>4092</RecNum><record><rec-number>4092</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4092</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Unsworth, Nash</author><author>McMillan, Brittany D</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Mind wandering and reading comprehension: Examining the roles of working memory capacity, interest, motivation, and topic experience</title><secondary-title>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition</full-title></periodical><pages>832</pages><volume>39</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>1939-1285</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Grodsky & Giambra 1990, Unsworth & McMillan 2013) and engaging in elaborative processing ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Moss</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5532</RecNum><DisplayText>(Moss et al 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5532</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5532</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Moss, Jarrod</author><author>Schunn, Christian D</author><author>Schneider, Walter</author><author>McNamara, Danielle S</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The nature of mind wandering during reading varies with the cognitive control demands of the reading strategy</title><secondary-title>Brain research</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Brain research</full-title><abbr-1>Brain Res</abbr-1></periodical><pages>48-60</pages><volume>1539</volume><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>0006-8993</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Moss et al 2013).8. Concluding remarks A careful consideration of the evidence discussed in this review raises the question of how to understand the role and functions that mind-wandering plays in our lives. Email, smart-phones, Facebook and other vehicles for social networking allow us to interact with individuals who are a great geographical distance from us. This illustrates the emphasis that we place on social interaction, even if they do not take place in the here and now. Given that self-generated-thoughts are often of a social nature ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ruby</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>352</RecNum><DisplayText>(Ruby 2014, Ruby 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>352</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">352</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ruby, F.J.M., Smallwood, J., Engen, H. & Singer, T.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>How self-generated thought shapes mood</title><secondary-title>Public Library of Science One</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Public Library of Science One</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2013</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Ruby</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>356</RecNum><record><rec-number>356</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">356</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ruby, F. J.M., Smallwood, J. Sakur, J., & Singer, T. </author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Is self-generated thought a means to social problem solving?</title><secondary-title>Frontiers in Perception</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Frontiers in Perception</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2014</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Ruby 2014, Ruby 2013) our species habit of mind-wandering likely illustrates a more basic example of the same phenomenon: Even when deprived from our technology, we are still inclined to escape from the constraints of the moment to consider other times, places and people.The frequency with which our minds wander, thus, illustrates our desire for freedom from immediacy – a general property of cognitive systems that reflects activity that is unrelated to current environmental input ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Shadlen</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>5279</RecNum><DisplayText>(Shadlen & Kiani 2011)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5279</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5279</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book Section">5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Shadlen, Michael N</author><author>Kiani, Roozbeh</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Consciousness as a decision to engage</title><secondary-title>Characterizing consciousness: from cognition to the clinic?</secondary-title></titles><pages>27-46</pages><dates><year>2011</year></dates><publisher>Springer</publisher><isbn>3642180140</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Shadlen & Kiani 2011). Intrinsic processes that are the hallmark of freedom from immediacy are a property of the brain (Smith et al., 2009), and are considered influential in volitional choice and action ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Haggard</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>5278</RecNum><DisplayText>(Haggard 2008, Schurger et al 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5278</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5278</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Haggard, Patrick</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Human volition: towards a neuroscience of will</title><secondary-title>Nature Reviews Neuroscience</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Nature Reviews Neuroscience</full-title></periodical><pages>934-946</pages><volume>9</volume><number>12</number><dates><year>2008</year></dates><isbn>1471-003X</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Schurger</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>5295</RecNum><record><rec-number>5295</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5295</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Schurger, Aaron</author><author>Sitt, Jacobo D</author><author>Dehaene, Stanislas</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>An accumulator model for spontaneous neural activity prior to self-initiated movement</title><secondary-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</full-title></periodical><pages>E2904-E2913</pages><volume>109</volume><number>42</number><dates><year>2012</year></dates><isbn>0027-8424</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Haggard 2008, Schurger et al 2012). The costs and benefits that arise from mind-wandering can be understood as reflecting how we manage our desire for freedom from immediacy ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Smallwood</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>343</RecNum><DisplayText>(Smallwood 2013b)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>343</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">343</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Smallwood, J.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Smallwood, J
Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Dept Social Neurosci, Stephanstrasse 1A, Leipzig, Germany
Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Dept Social Neurosci, Stephanstrasse 1A, Leipzig, Germany
Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Leipzig, Germany</auth-address><titles><title>Searching for the Elements of Thought: Reply to Franklin, Mrazek, Broadway, and Schooler (2013)</title><secondary-title>Psychological bulletin</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychol Bull</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological bulletin</full-title></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological bulletin</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Bull</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>542-547</pages><volume>139</volume><number>3</number><keywords><keyword>perceptual decoupling</keyword><keyword>mind wandering</keyword><keyword>internal train of thought</keyword><keyword>task unrelated thought</keyword><keyword>stimulus independent thought</keyword><keyword>wandering mind</keyword><keyword>moods lead</keyword><keyword>distraction</keyword><keyword>cognition</keyword><keyword>network</keyword><keyword>cortex</keyword><keyword>brain</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>May</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0033-2909</isbn><accession-num>ISI:000317855200003</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url><Go to ISI>://000317855200003</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>Doi 10.1037/A0031019</electronic-resource-num><language>English</language></record></Cite></EndNote>(Smallwood 2013b). Regulating mind-wandering to positive non-ruminative thoughts may bring happiness and limiting the time during lectures or meetings we devote to mentally planning a vacation may improve vocational outcomes. Because freedom from immediacy is an adaptive feature of cognition, its association with mind-wandering provides an important perspective on how to conceive of the value of the experience. Just as smart phones are valuable to society, yet can cause automobile accidents ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Nemme</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>5449</RecNum><DisplayText>(Nemme & White 2010)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5449</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5449</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Nemme, Heidi E</author><author>White, Katherine M</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Texting while driving: Psychosocial influences on young people's texting intentions and behaviour</title><secondary-title>Accident Analysis & Prevention</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Accident Analysis & Prevention</full-title></periodical><pages>1257-1265</pages><volume>42</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>2010</year></dates><isbn>0001-4575</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Nemme & White 2010), the rich imaginative mental life that mind-wandering affords is valuable when used correctly, but counter-productive when it is not.Acknowledgments. Thanks to Masaki Hagino for providing the artwork, to Florence Ruby, Mahiko Konishi and Helga Smallwood for their help in the preparation of this manuscript, and to Micah Allen, Jessica Andrews-Hanna, Arnaud D’Argembeau and David Stawarczyk for providing their data. Both authors are supported by Grant R305A110277 from the US Office of Education.References ADDIN EN.REFLIST Addis DR, Knapp K, Roberts RP, Schacter DL. 2012. Routes to the past: Neural substrates of direct and generative autobiographical memory retrieval. NeuroImage 59: 2908-22Allen M, Smallwood J, Christensen J, Gramm D, Rasmussen B, et al. 2013. The balanced mind: the variability of task-unrelated thoughts predicts error monitoring. Front Hum Neurosci 7: 743Andrews-Hanna JR, Kaiser RH, Turner AE, Reineberg AE, Godinez D, et al. 2013. A penny for your thoughts: dimensions of self-generated thought content and relationships with individual differences in emotional wellbeing. Andrews‐Hanna JR, Smallwood J, Spreng RN. 2014. The default network and self‐generated thought: component processes, dynamic control, and clinical relevance. Ann N Y Acad Sci Antrobus JS, Coleman R, Singer JL. 1967. Signal-detection performance by subjects differing in predisposition to daydreaming. Journal of consulting psychology 31: 487-91Antrobus JS, Singer JL. 1964. Eye Movements Accompanying Daydreaming, Visual Imagery, and Thought Suppression. J Abnorm Psychol 69: 244-52Antrobus JS, Singer JL, Goldstein S, Fortgang M. 1970. Mindwandering and cognitive structure. Trans N Y Acad Sci 32: 242-52Antrobus JS, Singer JL, Greenber.S. 1966. Studies in Stream of Consciousness - Experimental Enhancement and Suppression of Spontaneous Cognitive Processes. Percept Motor Skill 23: 399-&Armitage R, Rochlen A, Fitch T, Trivedi M, Rush AJ. 1995. Dream recall and major depression: A preliminary report. Dreaming 5: 189Baird B, Smallwood J, Fishman DJ, Mrazek MD, Schooler JW. 2013. Unnoticed intrusions: Dissociations of meta-consciousness in thought suppression. Conscious Cogn 22: 1003-12Baird B, Smallwood J, Mrazek MD, Kam JW, Franklin MS, Schooler JW. 2012. Inspired by distraction: mind wandering facilitates creative incubation. Psychol Sci 23: 1117-22Baird B, Smallwood J, Schooler JW. 2011. Back to the future: Autobiographical planning and the functionality of mind-wandering. Conscious Cogn Baird B, Smallwood, J., Gorgolewski, K. & Margulies, D.S. 2013. Medial and lateral networks in anterior prefrontal coretx support meta cognitive ability for memory and perception. Journal of Neuroscience Barron E, Riby LM, Greer J, Smallwood J. 2011. Absorbed in thought: the effect of mind wandering on the processing of relevant and irrelevant events. Psychol Sci 22: 596-601Baumeister RF, Masicampo EJ. 2010. Conscious thought is for facilitating social and cultural interactions: how mental simulations serve the animal-culture interface. Psychol Rev 117: 945-71Baumeister RF, Masicampo EJ, Vohs KD. 2011. Do conscious thoughts cause behavior? Annu Rev Psychol 62: 331-61Bernhardt B, Smallwood, J. et al. in press. Neuroimage. Buckner RL, Vincent JL. 2007. Unrest at rest: default activity and spontaneous network correlations. NeuroImage 37: 1091-96Cai DJ, Mednick SA, Harrison EM, Kanady JC, Mednick SC. 2009. REM, not incubation, improves creativity by priming associative networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106: 10130-34Callard F, Smallwood J, Golchert J, Margulies DS. 2013. The era of the wandering mind? Twenty-first century research on self-generated mental activity. Front Psychol 4Callard F, Smallwood J, Margulies DS. 2012. Default Positions: How Neuroscience's Historical Legacy has Hampered Investigation of the Resting Mind. Frontiers in psychology 3: 321Carriere JS, Cheyne JA, Smilek D. 2008. Everyday attention lapses and memory failures: the affective consequences of mindlessness. Conscious Cogn 17: 835-47Carriere JS, Seli P, Smilek D. 2013. Wandering in both mind and body: individual differences in mind wandering and inattention predict fidgeting. Can J Exp Psychol 67: 19-31Casner SM, Schooler JW. 2013. Thoughts in Flight Automation Use and Pilots’ Task-Related and Task-Unrelated Thought. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Cheyne JA, Carriere JS, Smilek D. 2006. Absent-mindedness: Lapses of conscious awareness and everyday cognitive failures. Conscious Cogn 15: 578-92Cheyne JA, Carriere JS, Solman GJ, Smilek D. 2011. Challenge and error: critical events and attention-related errors. Cognition 121: 437-46Christoff K, Gordon AM, Smallwood J, Smith R, Schooler JW. 2009. Experience sampling during fMRI reveals default network and executive system contributions to mind wandering. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106: 8719-24Cohen JD, Schooler JW. 1997. Scientific approaches to consciousness. Psychology Press. Cowley JA. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting2013, 57: 1214-18. SAGE Publications.Delamillieure P, Doucet G, Mazoyer B, Turbelin MR, Delcroix N, et al. 2010. The resting state questionnaire: An introspective questionnaire for evaluation of inner experience during the conscious resting state. Brain research bulletin 81: 565-73Deng Y-Q, Li S, Tang Y-Y. 2012. The Relationship Between Wandering Mind, Depression and Mindfulness. Mindfulness: 1-5Desimone R, Duncan J. 1995. Neural mechanisms of selective visual attention. Annu Rev Neurosci 18: 193-222Dixon P, Bortolussi M. 2013. Construction, Integration, and Mind Wandering in Reading. Can J Exp Psychol 67: 1-10Donders FC. 1969. On the speed of mental processes. Acta Psychol (Amst) 30: 412-31Engert V, Smallwood, J. & Singer, T. under revision. Mind your thoughts when stressed. Biol Psychol Epel ES, Puterman E, Lin J, Blackburn E, Lazaro A, Mendes WB. 2013. Wandering minds and aging cells. Clinical psychological science 1: 75-83Esterman M, Rosenberg MD, Noonan SK. 2014. Intrinsic fluctuations in sustained attention and distractor processing. J Neurosci 34: 1724-30Farley J, Risko EF, Kingstone A. 2013. Everyday attention and lecture retention: the effects of time, fidgeting, and mind wandering. Frontiers in psychology 4: 619Feng S, D'Mello S, Graesser AC. 2013. Mind wandering while reading easy and difficult texts. Psychon B Rev 20: 586-92Forster S. 2013. Distraction and mind-wandering under load. Front Psychol 4Forster S, Lavie N. 2009. Harnessing the wandering mind: the role of perceptual load. Cognition 111: 345-55Forster S, Lavie N. 2014. Distracted by your mind? Individual differences in distractibility predict mind wandering. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40: 251Foulsham T, Farley J, Kingstone A. 2013. Mind wandering in sentence reading: Decoupling the link between mind and eye. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale 67: 51Fox KC, Christoff K. 2014. Metacognitive Facilitation of Spontaneous Thought Processes: When Metacognition Helps the Wandering Mind Find Its Way In The Cognitive Neuroscience of Metacognition, pp. 293-319: SpringerFox KC, Nijeboer S, Solomonova E, Domhoff GW, Christoff K. 2013. Dreaming as mind wandering: evidence from functional neuroimaging and first-person content reports. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7Franklin MS, Broadway JM, Mrazek MD, Smallwood J, Schooler JW. 2013a. Window to the wandering mind: Pupillometry of spontaneous thought while reading. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 66: 2289-94Franklin MS, Mrazek MD, Anderson CL, Smallwood J, Kingstone A, Schooler JW. 2013b. The silver lining of a mind in the clouds: interesting musings are associated with positive mood while mind-wandering. Frontiers in psychology 4: 583Franklin MS, Mrazek MD, Broadway JM, Schooler JW. 2013c. Disentangling decoupling: comment on Smallwood (2013). Psychological bulletin 139: 536-41Franklin MS, Mrazek, M.D., Anderson, C.L., Smallwood., J., Kingstone, A., &, Schooler. JW. Under Review. Tracking distraction: The relationship between mind-wandering, meta-awareness, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomatology. Franklin MS, Smallwood J, Schooler JW. 2011. Catching the mind in flight: Using behavioral indices to detect mindless reading in real time. Psychon B Rev Galera C, Orriols L, M'Bailara K, Laborey M, Contrand B, et al. 2012. Mind wandering and driving: responsibility case-control study. Bmj 345: e8105Giambra LM. 1989. Task-Unrelated Thought Frequency as a Function of Age - a Laboratory Study. Psychol Aging 4: 136-43Giambra LM. 1993. The Influence of Aging on Spontaneous Shifts of Attention from External Stimuli to the Contents of Consciousness. Exp Gerontol 28: 485-92Giambra LM. 1995. A laboratory method for investigating influences on switching attention to task-unrelated imagery and thought. Conscious Cogn 4: 1-21Gilbert SJ, Dumontheil I, Simons JS, Frith CD, Burgess PW. 2007. Comment on "Wandering minds: The default network and stimulus-independent thought". Science 317: 43-+Gorgolewski K, Lurie, D, Craddock, C, Millham, M, Margulies, D.M & Smallwood, K. under review. Correspondence between the brains functional architecture and the quality and form of self-generated thoughts. PLoS One Greicius MD, Krasnow B, Reiss AL, Menon V. 2003. Functional connectivity in the resting brain: a network analysis of the default mode hypothesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100: 253-58Grodsky A, Giambra LM. 1990. The consistency across vigilance and reading tasks of individual differences in the occurrence of task-unrelated and task-related images and thoughts. Imagination, cognition and personality 10: 39-52Gruberger M, Ben-Simon E, Levkovitz Y, Zangen A, Hendler T. 2011. Towards a neuroscience of mind-wandering. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 5Guilford JP, Fruchter B, Kelley HP. 1959. Development and Applications of Tests of Intellectual and Special Aptitudes. Rev Educ Res 29: 26-41Haggard P. 2008. Human volition: towards a neuroscience of will. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 9: 934-46He Q, Xue G, Chen C, Lu ZL, Dong Q. 2013. Decoding the neuroanatomical basis of reading ability: a multivoxel morphometric study. J Neurosci 33: 12835-43Hu NT, He S, Xu BH. 2012. Different efficiencies of attentional orienting in different wandering minds. Conscious Cogn 21: 139-48Iijima Y, Tanno Y. 2012. [The effect of cognitive load on the temporal focus of mind wandering]. Shinrigaku kenkyu: The Japanese journal of psychology 83: 232-36Jackson JD, Balota DA. 2012. Mind-wandering in younger and older adults: converging evidence from the Sustained Attention to Response Task and reading for comprehension. Psychol Aging 27: 106-19Janoff-Bulman R. Shattered assumptions: towards a new psychology of trauma. 1992. Free Press, New YorkJha AP, Stanley EA, Kiyonaga A, Wong L, Gelfand L. 2010. Examining the protective effects of mindfulness training on working memory capacity and affective experience. Emotion 10: 54Kahneman D, Krueger AB, Schkade DA, Schwarz N, Stone AA. 2004. A survey method for characterizing daily life experience: the day reconstruction method. Science 306: 1776-80Kam JW, Dao E, Farley J, Fitzpatrick K, Smallwood J, et al. 2011. Slow fluctuations in attentional control of sensory cortex. J Cogn Neurosci 23: 460-70Kam JW, Handy TC. 2013. The neurocognitive consequences of the wandering mind: a mechanistic account of sensory-motor decoupling. Frontiers in psychology 4: 725Kam JW, Xu J, Handy TC. 2013. I don't feel your pain (as much): The desensitizing effect of mind wandering on the perception of others' discomfort. Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience Kane MJ, Brown LH, McVay JC, Silvia PJ, Myin-Germeys I, Kwapil TR. 2007. For whom the mind wanders, and when: an experience-sampling study of working memory and executive control in daily life. Psychol Sci 18: 614-21Kane MJ, McVay JC. 2012. What Mind Wandering Reveals About Executive-Control Abilities and Failures. Curr Dir Psychol Sci 21: 348-54Kelley WM, Macrae CN, Wyland CL, Caglar S, Inati S, Heatherton TF. 2002. Finding the self? An event-related fMRI study. J Cogn Neurosci 14: 785-94Killeen PR. 2013. Absent without leave; a neuroenergetic theory of mind wandering. Front Psychol 4Killingsworth MA, Gilbert DT. 2010. A wandering mind is an unhappy mind. Science 330: 932Klinger E. 1966. Fantasy need achievement as a motivational construct. Psychological bulletin 66: 291-308Klinger E. 1967. Modeling effects on achievement imagery. Journal of personality and social psychology 7: 49-62Klinger E. 1973. Models, context, and achievement fantasy: parametric studies and theoretical propositions. Journal of personality assessment 37: 25-47Klinger E. 1984. A consciousness-sampling analysis of test anxiety and performance. Journal of personality and social psychology 47: 1376-90Klinger E. 2013. Goal Commitments and the content of thoughts and dreams: basic principles. Frontiers in psychology 4: 415Kvavilashvili L, Mandler G. 2004. Out of one's mind: A study of involuntary semantic memories. Cognitive psychology 48: 47-94Levinson DB, Smallwood J, Davidson RJ. 2012. The Persistence of Thought: Evidence for a Role of Working Memory in the Maintenance of Task-Unrelated Thinking. Psychol Sci Macdonald JS, Mathan S, Yeung N. 2011. Trial-by-Trial Variations in Subjective Attentional State are Reflected in Ongoing Prestimulus EEG Alpha Oscillations. Frontiers in psychology 2: 82Macrae CN, Moran JM, Heatherton TF, Banfield JF, Kelley WM. 2004. Medial prefrontal activity predicts memory for self. Cerebral cortex 14: 647-54Marchetti I, Koster EH, Sonuga-Barke EJ, De Raedt R. 2012. The default mode network and recurrent depression: a neurobiological model of cognitive risk factors. Neuropsychology review 22: 229-51Mason MF, Norton MI, Van Horn JD, Wegner DM, Grafton ST, Macrae CN. 2007. Wandering minds: the default network and stimulus-independent thought. Science 315: 393-5McKiernan KA, D'Angelo BR, Kaufman JN, Binder JR. 2006. Interrupting the "stream of consciousness": an fMRI investigation. NeuroImage 29: 1185-91McKiernan KA, Kaufman JN, Kucera-Thompson J, Binder JR. 2003. A parametric manipulation of factors affecting task-induced deactivation in functional neuroimaging. J Cogn Neurosci 15: 394-408McVay JC, Kane MJ. 2009. Conducting the train of thought: working memory capacity, goal neglect, and mind wandering in an executive-control task. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 35: 196-204McVay JC, Kane MJ. 2010. Does mind wandering reflect executive function or executive failure? Comment on Smallwood and Schooler (2006) and Watkins (2008). Psychological bulletin 136: 188-97; discussion 98-207McVay JC, Kane MJ. 2011. Why does working memory capacity predict variation in reading comprehension? On the influence of mind wandering and executive attention. J Exp Psychol Gen McVay JC, Kane MJ, Kwapil TR. 2009. Tracking the train of thought from the laboratory into everyday life: an experience-sampling study of mind wandering across controlled and ecological contexts. Psychon B Rev 16: 857-63Mischel W, Gilligan C. 1964. Delay of Gratification, Motivation for the Prohibited Gratification, and Responses to Temptation. J Abnorm Psychol 69: 411-7Mitchell JP, Macrae CN, Banaji MR. 2006. Dissociable medial prefrontal contributions to judgments of similar and dissimilar others. Neuron 50: 655-63Mooneyham BW, Schooler JW. 2013. The Costs and Benefits of Mind-Wandering: A Review. Can J Exp Psychol 67: 11-18Morrison AB, Goolsarran M, Rogers SL, Jha AP. 2013. Taming a wandering attention: Short-form mindfulness training in student cohorts. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7Moss J, Schunn CD, Schneider W, McNamara DS. 2013. The nature of mind wandering during reading varies with the cognitive control demands of the reading strategy. Brain Res 1539: 48-60Mrazek MD, Chin JM, Schmader T, Hartson KA, Smallwood J, Schooler JW. 2011. Threatened to distraction: Mind-wandering as a consequence of stereotype threat. Journal of experimental social psychology 47: 1243-48Mrazek MD, Franklin MS, Phillips DT, Baird B, Schooler JW. 2013a. Mindfulness training improves working memory capacity and GRE performance while reducing mind wandering. Psychol Sci 24: 776-81Mrazek MD, Phillips DT, Franklin MS, Broadway JM, Schooler JW. 2013b. Young and restless: validation of the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) reveals disruptive impact of mind-wandering for youth. Frontiers in psychology 4: 560Mrazek MD, Smallwood J, Franklin MS, Chin JM, Baird B, Schooler JW. 2012a. The role of mind-wandering in measurements of general aptitude. J Exp Psychol Gen 141: 788-98Mrazek MD, Smallwood J, Schooler JW. 2012b. Mindfulness and mind-wandering: Finding convergence through opposing constructs. Emotion Nemme HE, White KM. 2010. Texting while driving: Psychosocial influences on young people's texting intentions and behaviour. Accident Analysis & Prevention 42: 1257-65Oettingen G, Schw?rer B. 2013. Mind wandering via mental contrasting as a tool for behavior change. Front Psychol 4Ogawa S, Lee T, Kay A, Tank D. 1990. Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 87: 9868-72Ottaviani C, Couyoumdjian A. 2013. Pros and cons of a wandering mind: a prospective study. Frontiers in psychology 4: 524Ottaviani C, Shapiro D, Couyoumdjian A. 2013. Flexibility as the key for somatic health: From mind wandering to perseverative cognition. Biol Psychol 94: 38-43Poerio GL, Totterdell P, Miles E. 2013. Mind-wandering and negative mood: Does one thing really lead to another? Conscious Cogn 22: 1412-21Polich J. 1986. Attention, probability, and task demands as determinants of P300 latency from auditory stimuli. Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology 63: 251-9Posner MI, Petersen SE. 1990. The Attention System of the Human Brain. Annu Rev Neurosci 13: 25-42Raichle ME, MacLeod AM, Snyder AZ, Powers WJ, Gusnard DA, Shulman GL. 2001. A default mode of brain function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98: 676-82Reichle ED, Reineberg AE, Schooler JW. 2010. Eye movements during mindless reading. Psychol Sci 21: 1300-10Revonsuo A. 2000. The reinterpretation of dreams: An evolutionary hypothesis of the function of dreaming. Behav Brain Sci 23: 877-901Ruby FJM, Smallwood, J. Sakur, J., & Singer, T. . 2014. Is self-generated thought a means to social problem solving? Frontiers in Perception Ruby FJM, Smallwood, J., Engen, H. & Singer, T. 2013. How self-generated thought shapes mood. Public Library of Science One Rummel J, Boywitt CD. 2014. Controlling the stream of thought: Working memory capacity predicts adjustment of mind-wandering to situational demands. Psychon B Rev: 1-7Sayette MA, Dimoff JD, Levine JM, Moreland RL, Votruba-Drzal E. 2012. The effects of alcohol and dosage-set on risk-seeking behavior in groups and individuals. Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors 26: 194-200Sayette MA, Schooler JW, Reichle ED. 2010. Out for a smoke: the impact of cigarette craving on zoning out during reading. Psychol Sci 21: 26-30Schooler JW. 2002. Re-representing consciousness: dissociations between experience and meta-consciousness. Trends Cogn Sci 6: 339-44Schooler JW, Reichle ED, Halpern DV. 2004. Zoning out while reading: Evidence for dissociations between experience and metaconsciousness. Thinking and Seeing: 203-26Schooler JW, Schreiber CA. 2004. Experience, meta-consciousness, and the paradox of introspection. J Consciousness Stud 11: 17-39Schooler JW, Smallwood J, Christoff K, Handy TC, Reichle ED, Sayette MA. 2011. Meta-awareness, perceptual decoupling and the wandering mind. Trends Cogn Sci 15: 319-26Schurger A, Sitt JD, Dehaene S. 2012. An accumulator model for spontaneous neural activity prior to self-initiated movement. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109: E2904-E13Seli P, Carriere JS, Thomson DR, Cheyne JA, Martens KA, Smilek D. 2013a. Restless Mind, Restless Body. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn Seli P, Carriere JSA, Levene M, Smilek D. 2013b. How few and far between? Examining the effects of probe rate on self-reported mind wandering. Front Psychol 4Shadlen MN, Kiani R. 2011. Consciousness as a decision to engage In Characterizing consciousness: from cognition to the clinic?, pp. 27-46: SpringerShamosh NA, Gray JR. 2008. Delay discounting and intelligence: A meta-analysis. Intelligence 36: 289-305Smallwood J. 2010. Why the global availability of mind wandering necessitates resource competition: Reply to McVay and Kane (2010). Smallwood J. 2013a. Distinguishing how from why the mind wanders: a process-occurence framework for self generated thought. Psychological bulletin Smallwood J. 2013b. Searching for the Elements of Thought: Reply to Franklin, Mrazek, Broadway, and Schooler (2013). Psychological bulletin 139: 542-47Smallwood J, Andrews-Hanna J. 2013. Not all minds that wander are lost: the importance of a balanced perspective on the mind-wandering state. Frontiers in psychology 4: 441Smallwood J, Beach E, Schooler JW, Handy TC. 2008a. Going AWOL in the brain: mind wandering reduces cortical analysis of external events. J Cogn Neurosci 20: 458-69Smallwood J, Brown K, Baird B, Schooler JW. 2011a. Cooperation between the default mode network and the frontal-parietal network in the production of an internal train of thought. Brain Res Smallwood J, Brown KS, Baird B, Mrazek MD, Franklin MS, Schooler JW. 2012. Insulation for daydreams: a role for tonic norepinephrine in the facilitation of internally guided thought. PLoS One 7: e33706Smallwood J, Brown KS, Tipper C, Giesbrecht B, Franklin MS, et al. 2011b. Pupillometric evidence for the decoupling of attention from perceptual input during offline thought. PLoS One 6: e18298Smallwood J, Davies JB, Heim D, Finnigan F, Sudberry M, et al. 2004. Subjective experience and the attentional lapse: task engagement and disengagement during sustained attention. Conscious Cogn 13: 657-90Smallwood J, Fitzgerald A, Miles LK, Phillips LH. 2009a. Shifting moods, wandering minds: negative moods lead the mind to wander. Emotion 9: 271-6Smallwood J, Gorgolewski KJ, Golchert J, Ruby FJ, Engen H, et al. 2013a. The default modes of reading: modulation of posterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex connectivity associated with comprehension and task focus while reading. Front Hum Neurosci 7: 734Smallwood J, McSpadden M, Luus B, Schooler J. 2008b. Segmenting the stream of consciousness: the psychological correlates of temporal structures in the time series data of a continuous performance task. Brain Cogn 66: 50-6Smallwood J, Mcspadden M, Schooler JW. 2007a. The lights are on but no one's home: Meta-awareness and the decoupling of attention when the mind wanders. Psychon B Rev 14: 527-33Smallwood J, McSpadden M, Schooler JW. 2008c. When attention matters: the curious incident of the wandering mind. Mem Cognit 36: 1144-50Smallwood J, Nind L, O'Connor RC. 2009b. When is your head at? An exploration of the factors associated with the temporal focus of the wandering mind. Conscious Cogn 18: 118-25Smallwood J, O'Connor RC. 2011. Imprisoned by the past: Unhappy moods lead to a retrospective bias to mind wandering. Cognition Emotion: 1-10Smallwood J, O'CONNOR RC, Heim D. 2005. Rumination, dysphoria, and subjective experience. Imagination, cognition and personality 24: 355-67Smallwood J, O'Connor RC, Sudbery MV, Obonsawin M. 2007b. Mind-wandering and dysphoria. Cognition Emotion 21: 816-42Smallwood J, Obonsawin M, Reid H. 2002. The effects of block duration and task demands on the experience of task unrelated thought. Imagination, cognition and personality 22: 13-31Smallwood J, Ruby FJ, Singer T. 2013b. Letting go of the present: Mind-wandering is associated with reduced delay discounting. Conscious Cogn 22: 1-7Smallwood J, Schooler JW. 2006. The restless mind. Psychological bulletin 132: 946-58Smilek D, Carriere JS, Cheyne JA. 2010. Out of mind, out of sight eye blinking as indicator and embodiment of mind wandering. Psychol Sci 21: 786-89Smith SM, Fox PT, Miller KL, Glahn DC, Fox PM, et al. 2009. Correspondence of the brain's functional architecture during activation and rest. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106: 13040-45Song X, Wang X. 2012. Mind wandering in Chinese daily lives--an experience sampling study. PLoS One 7: e44423Stawarczyk D, Majerus S, Catale C, D'Argembeau A. 2014. Relationships between mind-wandering and attentional control abilities in young adults and adolescents. Acta Psychol (Amst) 148: 25-36Stawarczyk D, Majerus S, D'Argembeau A. 2013. Concern-induced negative affect is associated with the occurrence and content of mind-wandering. Conscious Cogn 22: 442-48Stawarczyk D, Majerus S, Maj M, Van der Linden M, D'Argembeau A. 2011a. Mind-wandering: phenomenology and function as assessed with a novel experience sampling method. Acta Psychol (Amst) 136: 370-81Stawarczyk D, Majerus S, Maquet P, D'Argembeau A. 2011b. Neural correlates of ongoing conscious experience: both task-unrelatedness and stimulus-independence are related to default network activity. PLoS One 6: e16997Szpunar KK, Khan NY, Schacter DL. 2013a. Interpolated memory tests reduce mind wandering and improve learning of online lectures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110: 6313-17Szpunar KK, Moulton ST, Schaeter DL. 2013b. Mind wandering and education: from the classroom to online learning. Front Psychol 4Taylor SE, Kemeny ME, Reed GM, Bower JE, Gruenewald TL. 2000. Psychological resources, positive illusions, and health. Am Psychol 55: 99Teasdale JD, Dritschel BH, Taylor MJ, Proctor L, Lloyd CA, et al. 1995. Stimulus-independent thought depends on central executive resources. Mem Cognit 23: 551-9Treisman AM, Gelade G. 1980. A feature-integration theory of attention. Cognitive psychology 12: 97-136Tulving E. 2002. Episodic memory: from mind to brain. Annu Rev Psychol 53: 1-25Tusche A, smallwood, J., Bernhardt, B & Singer, T. under revision. Classifying the wandering mind. NeuroImage Unsworth N, McMillan BD. 2013. Mind wandering and reading comprehension: Examining the roles of working memory capacity, interest, motivation, and topic experience. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 39: 832Unsworth N, McMillan BD, Brewer GA, Spillers GJ. 2012. Everyday attention failures: an individual differences investigation. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 38: 1765-72Unsworth NaM, B.D. under revison. Similarities and Differences Between Mind-Wandering and External Distraction: A Latent Variable Analysis of Lapses of Attention and Their Relation to Cognitive Abilities. Acta Psychologia Varela F, Thompson E. 2003. Neural synchrony and the unity of mind: A neurophenomenological perspective. Vincent JL, Snyder AZ, Fox MD, Shannon BJ, Andrews JR, et al. 2006. Coherent spontaneous activity identifies a hippocampal-parietal memory network. J Neurophysiol 96: 3517-31Vinski MT, Watter S. 2013. Being a grump only makes things worse: a transactional account of acute stress on mind wandering. Front Psychol 4Yanko MR, Spalek TM. 2013. Driving With the Wandering Mind The Effect That Mind-Wandering Has on Driving Performance. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society: 0018720813495280Yarkoni T, Poldrack RA, Nichols TE, Van Essen DC, Wager TD. 2011. Large-scale automated synthesis of human functional neuroimaging data. Nature methods 8: 665-U95Figure One. A schematic of the relationship between the focus of cognition (task related) and self-generated-thought.The term self-generated-thought is not specific to states of mind-wandering, instead it refers to processes involved in producing the mental contents that are not primarily driven by the external environment. For example, in the top left panel participant is fully focused on the task such that the contents of thought are only those that arise from sensory input. However, in the bottom left panel, the thoughts of the participant are related to the task but they are also self-generated because the task stimulus itself in of itself does not necessitate the thought. This would be an example of task related self-generated-thought. Self-generated though is not always a property of thoughts that are unrelated to the task in hand. For example, in the top right panel the participant is distracted by a noise in the environment and so becomes temporarily disengaged from the task they are performing. However, this external distraction arises due to perceptual input not through the self-generation of mental contents. Finally in the bottom right the participant has disengaged attention from the task in hand and has begun to self-generate thoughts regarding their upcoming beach holiday. Figure Two. Schematic diagram describing the different methodologies used to study mind-wandering in the laboratory. There are a number of methodological techniques that studies of mind-wandering in the laboratory can involve. In order to gain experimental control over the experience researchers can induce psychological states that alter the occurrence of mind-wandering, or the mental content that is self-generated during the experience. This depicted in the top right of the figure which illustrates an example of the induction of social stress via a public speaking exercise. Following the induction of a psychological state conducive to mind-wandering, participants can engage in a laboratory task (often computer based). The complexity of the demands of the task that participants perform can also be modulated to change the amount of time that participants engaged in task-unrelated-thought (see top Left). The lower half of the figure depicts a number of different techniques that can be used to measure the mind-wandering state. Subjective measurements of the participants experience can either be acquired online as they perform the task using experience sampling. It is also possible to measure the experience retrospectively at the end of the experiment via a questionnaire. Objective measurements of ongoing neurocognitive function can also be acquired during the task phase. These include the blood oxygen level dependent signal (BOLD) as is measured using fMRI, the electro-encephalogram (EEG) or pupilometry (E). These provide detailed information on the cortical processing that is taking place during mind-wandering and so are invaluable in testing and refining current accounts of the information process that take place during mind-wandering.Data: Variable task demands - Smallwood, Ruby et al., (2013a), Pupil dilation (Smallwood, Brown et al., 2011), fMRI - Smallwood, Gorgelowski et al., (2013) and EEG – Kam et al., (2010).Figure Three. The socio-temporal content of the self-generated-thoughts that occur during mind-wandering Studies have shown that a large proportion of mind-wandering is spent engaged in self-generated-thought that is related to the concerns of the individual and the people close to them, and is often directed to times other than the present. Both open ended ES (A) and forced choice reports (B) indicate that there is a prospective bias to the thoughts that participants experience during mind-wandering. It can be seen in panel B that the prospective bias is reduced by engaging in a task that requires working memory (Black) relative to either a Choice Reaction Time task (Grey) or passive viewing (White). More sophisticated approaches to the content of self-generated-thought have explored the internal structure of experience sampling data using statistical procedures such as principal components analysis (Ruby et al., 2013ab). This structure is represented in the heat maps (C & D) in which a positive weighting of the different elements of experience are reflected in warm colours, and a negative weighting is described in the cooler colours. This approach has shown that self-generated-thought consists of different categories of experience that can be discriminated based on whether they are focused on the Future (F) or the Past (P). A third component associated with the emotional valence of the experiences (E).Data: Panel A - Baird et al., (2011), Panel B Smallwood et al., (2009a), Panel C Ruby, Smallwood et al., (2013, 2014).Figure Four. The role of meta-awareness in the mind-wandering stateA compelling aspect of the experience of mind-wandering is the recognition that our thoughts had wandered from the task in hand. This dissociation between the contents of our thoughts and our awareness of our experience is known as an absence of meta-awareness and is important in determining the association between mind-wandering and on-going task performance, as well being influenced by manipulations that are conducive to mind-wandering. One method to assess meta-awareness of mind-wandering is to ask participants to classify if they were aware of the focus of their attention. This self-classification approach has shown that the occurrence of episodes of mind-wandering classified as lacking awareness, known as zone outs, are more detrimental to a participants capacity to solve the crime in a detective novel, than were episodes of which the participant was aware (known as tune outs). A second method is to ask participants to self-report every time that they notice that their mind had wandered and to intermittently probe them to assess the current state of consciousness. This probe / self-caught method has shown that participants are caught at probes mind-wandering following the consumption of alcohol, a pattern that is not reflected in changes in the likelihood of self-caught mind-wandering episodes.Data: Panel A - Smallwood et al., (200ba), Panel B- Sayette et al., (2009).Figure Five. Evidence of the decoupling of attention during the mind-wandering stateA well-documented aspect of the mind-wandering state is the disengagement of attention from events taking place in the here and now. This process is known as perceptual decoupling and can be measured by examining the amplitude of evoked response in neurocognitive measures that index processing of events in a task. For example, the amplitude of a positive event-related potential (ERP) in the electroencephalogram, known as the P3, is reduced for participants who engaged in the most task-unrelated-thought as assessed by a retrospective measure (A) and during periods when participants are off task as measured using experience sampling (B). It is also possible to manipulate the occurrence of task-unrelated-thought and show that this is associated with a reduction in the evoked responses related to external input. For example, participants were engaged in a choice reaction time task that requires no external attention during the no-response period, and a working memory task that requires continuous attention during this period (C). Evidence shows that periods when no behavioural response is required the pupil signal shows greater evoked response during the working memory task (depicted in Red) than during the choice reaction time task (depicted in Blue).Data: Panel (A) Baron, Riby et al., (2011), Panel (B), Kam et al., (2010), Panel C Smallwood, Brown et al., (2011)Figure Six. Evidence for the default mode network as the substrate of the self-generated-thoughtThe default mode network (DMN) is a large-scale brain network defined by the temporal correlation between two core regions on the medial surface of the cortex, known as the posterior cingulate and medial pre-frontal cortex. These regions form the core of the DMN (Yellow) and interact with sub networks including the medial temporal lobe (Green) and the dorsal-medial subsystem (Blue). Meta analyses using Neurosynth has shown that the core of this system tend to be engaged in self-referential processes, the medial temporal subsystem is engaged by episodic processes and the dorsal-medial subsystem is engaged by social processes. Together these forms of thought are similar to the content of the self-generated-thoughts that often occur during mind-wandering providing important evidence for the involvement of these regions in the self-generated-thoughts that occur during mind-wandering. Studies using experience sampling in conjunction with fMRI have shown that these regions show heightened activity during periods of task-unrelated-thought (B). In these images it can be seen that regions of the core aspects of the DMN exhibited greater activity during periods of task-unrelated-thought. Regions: A Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, B Ventral-medial medial pre-frontal cortex, C Posterior cingulate cortex, D – Right Temporal-Parietal junction, E Dorsal Medial pre-frontal cortex, F Left rostral-lateral pre-frontal cortex.Data: (i) Christoff et al., (2009) cluster forming threshold, p<.005, cluster size = 20, (ii) Stawarkzyck, Majerus et al., (2010) cluster forming threshold p<.005, cluster size = 20, (iii) Allen, Smallwood et al., (2013) cluster forming threshold p<.05, cluster size = 20. Box One. Self-generated-thoughtSelf-generation describes how the experience arises rather than it’s relation to intention. The term self-generated-thought emphasises that the contents of experience arise from intrinsic changes that occur within an individual, rather than extrinsic changes that are cued directly from perceptual events occurring in the external environment. These experiences can occur intentionally, such as when we consider the solution to a work related problem on the journey to work, they can also occur unintentionally such as when our mind wanders while reading.Self-generated-thought can be task related as well as task unrelated. In cognitive science the term task is often confounded with external action. There are however many tasks that do not depend upon current perceptual input or that lead to immediate behaviour. Tasks such as deciding where to go for brunch on the weekend, or what journal to send a scientific manuscript to can be performed reasonably well using imagination alone. These are examples of task related self-generated-thought. Self-generated-thought can also be task unrelated when its occurrence coincides with an occasion when one is ostensibly performing an alternative task such as during vigilance, reading or automobile driving. These are examples of task unrelated self-generated-thought.The independence of self-generated-thought from the term task relatedness is important because it allows for mind-wandering episodes to contain both strategic / deliberate and spontaneous / unintentional elements, a distinction which may be important in its experiential qualities (see Section on Phenomenology) and in distinguishing the positive and negative elements of mind-wandering (see Section on Costs and Benefits). Figure One illustrates how self-generated-thought and task related thought are independent constructs.Self-generated-thoughts are distinct from external distraction. When occurring during an unrelated task, self-generated-thought is a well-documented cause of error. However, studies have shown that these errors can be distinct from those based on external distraction. For example, individuals who mind wander the most exhibit the least neural processing of distractors ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Barron</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><DisplayText>(Barron et al 2011)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Barron, E.</author><author>Riby, L. M.</author><author>Greer, J.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Psychology, Northumbria University, Leipzig, Germany.</auth-address><titles><title>Absorbed in thought: the effect of mind wandering on the processing of relevant and irrelevant events</title><secondary-title>Psychological science</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychol Sci</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological science</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Sci</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>596-601</pages><volume>22</volume><number>5</number><edition>2011/04/05</edition><dates><year>2011</year><pub-dates><date>May</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1467-9280 (Electronic)
0956-7976 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>21460338</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Barron et al 2011) (although see ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Forster</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>5535</RecNum><DisplayText>(Forster & Lavie 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5535</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5535</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Forster, Sophie</author><author>Lavie, Nilli</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Distracted by your mind? Individual differences in distractibility predict mind wandering</title><secondary-title>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition</full-title></periodical><pages>251</pages><volume>40</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>1939-1285</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Forster & Lavie 2014)), are least impacted by orienting cues PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5IdTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTI8L1llYXI+PFJlY051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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5IdTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTI8L1llYXI+PFJlY051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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Hu et al 2012) and distracter events are processed most strongly when people are on task ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Esterman</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>4967</RecNum><DisplayText>(Esterman et al 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4967</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4967</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Esterman, M.</author><author>Rosenberg, M. D.</author><author>Noonan, S. K.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Veterans Administration Boston Healthcare System, Neuroimaging Center for Veterans, Boston, Massachusetts 02130, Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, Yale University, Department of Psychology, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, and Veterans Administration Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington 98108.</auth-address><titles><title>Intrinsic fluctuations in sustained attention and distractor processing</title><secondary-title>The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience</full-title><abbr-1>J Neurosci</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience</full-title><abbr-1>J Neurosci</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1724-30</pages><volume>34</volume><number>5</number><edition>2014/01/31</edition><dates><year>2014</year><pub-dates><date>Jan 29</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1529-2401 (Electronic)
0270-6474 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>24478354</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Esterman et al 2014). Similarly, studies of individual differences suggest cognitive control makes partially distinct contributions to internal and external distraction PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TdGF3YXJjenlrPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxNDwvWWVh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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TdGF3YXJjenlrPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxNDwvWWVh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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Stawarczyk et al 2014, Unsworth under revison). One reason why task unrelated self-generated-thought and external distraction are distinct is because the former depends on the process of perceptual decoupling while the latter does not (see section on Component Processes). Figure One illustrates how self-generation of thought is distinct from external distraction.Box Two. Experience sampling – a tool for measuring the wandering mind Experience sampling (ES) refers to the collection of self-reports regarding a participants’ ongoing experience PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LYWhuZW1hbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDQ8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LYWhuZW1hbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDQ8L1llYXI+
PFJlY051bT40OTY2PC9SZWNOdW0+PERpc3BsYXlUZXh0PihLYWhuZW1hbiBldCBhbCAyMDA0KTwv
RGlzcGxheVRleHQ+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj40OTY2PC9yZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWdu
LWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0idDBlZXJ0NXRuMHp6eGhlYXN2OXg1ZXNjdzVhYXh2
d2Y1YXI1Ij40OTY2PC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwg
QXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5LYWhu
ZW1hbiwgRC48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPktydWVnZXIsIEEuIEIuPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5T
Y2hrYWRlLCBELiBBLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+U2Nod2FyeiwgTi48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9y
PlN0b25lLCBBLiBBLjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aC1hZGRy
ZXNzPldvb2Ryb3cgV2lsc29uIFNjaG9vbCBhbmQgRGVwYXJ0bWVudCBvZiBQc3ljaG9sb2d5LCBQ
cmluY2V0b24gVW5pdmVyc2l0eSwgUHJpbmNldG9uLCBOSiAwODU0MCwgVVNBLjwvYXV0aC1hZGRy
ZXNzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPkEgc3VydmV5IG1ldGhvZCBmb3IgY2hhcmFjdGVyaXppbmcgZGFp
bHkgbGlmZSBleHBlcmllbmNlOiB0aGUgZGF5IHJlY29uc3RydWN0aW9uIG1ldGhvZDwvdGl0bGU+
PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5TY2llbmNlPC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlv
ZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+U2NpZW5jZTwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPlNjaWVuY2U8L2Fi
YnItMT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PHBhZ2VzPjE3NzYtODA8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+MzA2PC92b2x1
bWU+PG51bWJlcj41NzAyPC9udW1iZXI+PGVkaXRpb24+MjAwNC8xMi8wNDwvZWRpdGlvbj48a2V5
d29yZHM+PGtleXdvcmQ+QWN0aXZpdGllcyBvZiBEYWlseSBMaXZpbmc8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdv
cmQ+QWR1bHQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QWZmZWN0PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkRhdGEg
Q29sbGVjdGlvbi8qbWV0aG9kczwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5FeGVyY2lzZTwva2V5d29yZD48
a2V5d29yZD5GZW1hbGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+RnJpZW5kczwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29y
ZD4qSHVtYW4gQWN0aXZpdGllczwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5IdW1hbnM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtl
eXdvcmQ+SW5jb21lPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkludGVycGVyc29uYWwgUmVsYXRpb25zPC9r
ZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkxlaXN1cmUgQWN0aXZpdGllczwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD4qTGlm
ZSBDaGFuZ2UgRXZlbnRzPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk1hcml0YWwgU3RhdHVzPC9rZXl3b3Jk
PjxrZXl3b3JkPipQZXJzb25hbCBTYXRpc2ZhY3Rpb248L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+UGVyc29u
YWxpdHk8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+KlF1YWxpdHkgb2YgTGlmZTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29y
ZD5RdWVzdGlvbm5haXJlczwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5SZWNvcmRzIGFzIFRvcGljPC9rZXl3
b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPlNsZWVwPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPldvcms8L2tleXdvcmQ+PC9rZXl3
b3Jkcz48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAwNDwveWVhcj48cHViLWRhdGVzPjxkYXRlPkRlYyAzPC9kYXRl
PjwvcHViLWRhdGVzPjwvZGF0ZXM+PGlzYm4+MTA5NS05MjAzIChFbGVjdHJvbmljKSYjeEQ7MDAz
Ni04MDc1IChMaW5raW5nKTwvaXNibj48YWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT4xNTU3NjYyMDwvYWNjZXNzaW9u
LW51bT48d29yay10eXBlPlJlc2VhcmNoIFN1cHBvcnQsIE5vbi1VLlMuIEdvdiZhcG9zO3QmI3hE
O1Jlc2VhcmNoIFN1cHBvcnQsIFUuUy4gR292JmFwb3M7dCwgTm9uLVAuSC5TLiYjeEQ7UmVzZWFy
Y2ggU3VwcG9ydCwgVS5TLiBHb3YmYXBvczt0LCBQLkguUy48L3dvcmstdHlwZT48dXJscz48cmVs
YXRlZC11cmxzPjx1cmw+aHR0cDovL3d3dy5uY2JpLm5sbS5uaWguZ292L3B1Ym1lZC8xNTU3NjYy
MDwvdXJsPjwvcmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjwvdXJscz48ZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+MTAu
MTEyNi9zY2llbmNlLjExMDM1NzI8L2VsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjxsYW5ndWFnZT5l
bmc8L2xhbmd1YWdlPjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48L0VuZE5vdGU+AG==
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Kahneman et al 2004). There are a number of different methods of ES.Probe caught method The most common ES method is to acquire data using a sampling regime known as the probe-caught method ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Smallwood</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>124</RecNum><DisplayText>(Smallwood & Schooler 2006)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>124</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">124</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Psychology Department, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland. j.smallwood@abdn.ac.uk</auth-address><titles><title>The restless mind</title><secondary-title>Psychological bulletin</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychol Bull</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological bulletin</full-title></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological bulletin</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Bull</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>946-58</pages><volume>132</volume><number>6</number><edition>2006/11/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Attention/*physiology</keyword><keyword>Awareness/physiology</keyword><keyword>Goals</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Memory/physiology</keyword><keyword>Mental Processes/physiology</keyword><keyword>Task Performance and Analysis</keyword><keyword>Thinking/*physiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0033-2909 (Print)
0033-2909 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>17073528</accession-num><work-type>Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Review</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>;(Smallwood & Schooler 2006). Participants are intermittently interrupted and probed regarding the contents of their experience. These occur in random or quasi-random manner, although studies have used sampling regimes based on changes in performance (such as reading times, Franklin et al., 2010). One important issues is the duration between online ES probes, with studies showing greater reports of off task thought with larger gaps between probes PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TZWxpPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMzwvWWVhcj48UmVj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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TZWxpPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMzwvWWVhcj48UmVj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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Seli et al 2013b, Smallwood et al 2002).Self-caught method Participants are asked to spontaneously provide ES reports, such as reporting when they catch their mind wandering ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Smallwood</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>124</RecNum><DisplayText>(Smallwood & Schooler 2006)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>124</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">124</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Psychology Department, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland. j.smallwood@abdn.ac.uk</auth-address><titles><title>The restless mind</title><secondary-title>Psychological bulletin</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychol Bull</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological bulletin</full-title></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological bulletin</full-title><abbr-1>Psychol Bull</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>946-58</pages><volume>132</volume><number>6</number><edition>2006/11/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Attention/*physiology</keyword><keyword>Awareness/physiology</keyword><keyword>Goals</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Memory/physiology</keyword><keyword>Mental Processes/physiology</keyword><keyword>Task Performance and Analysis</keyword><keyword>Thinking/*physiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0033-2909 (Print)
0033-2909 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>17073528</accession-num><work-type>Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Review</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>;(Smallwood & Schooler 2006). In combination with the probe-caught method, this may allow the estimation of the participants’ capacity to reflect upon their conscious experience (Schooler et al, 2011).Retrospective method ES data is gathered at the end of a task via questionnaires, preserving the natural time course of the task PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CYXJyb248L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CYXJyb248L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Barron et al 2011, Smallwood et al 2012). This can be important for certain covert measures (such as resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging). One limitation is that it can be confounded with individual differences unless multiple measurements are recorded within the same individual (e.g. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Gorgolewski</Author><Year>under review</Year><RecNum>404</RecNum><DisplayText>(Gorgolewski under review)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>404</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">404</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Gorgolewski, K., Lurie, D, Craddock, C, Millham, M, Margulies, D.M & Smallwood, K.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Correspondence between the brains functional architecture and the quality and form of self-generated thoughts.</title><secondary-title>PLoS ONE</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>PloS one</full-title><abbr-1>PLoS One</abbr-1></periodical><dates><year>under review</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Gorgolewski under review).Open ended method ES can also be gathered by asking participants to describe in their own words what they experienced during a task ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Baird</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>12</RecNum><DisplayText>(Baird et al 2011)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>12</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">12</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Baird, B.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9660, United States.</auth-address><titles><title>Back to the future: Autobiographical planning and the functionality of mind-wandering</title><secondary-title>Consciousness and cognition</secondary-title><alt-title>Conscious Cogn</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Consciousness and cognition</full-title><abbr-1>Conscious Cogn</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Consciousness and cognition</full-title><abbr-1>Conscious Cogn</abbr-1></alt-periodical><edition>2011/09/16</edition><dates><year>2011</year><pub-dates><date>Sep 12</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1090-2376 (Electronic)
1053-8100 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>21917482</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Baird et al 2011). This method has the advantage of not imposing categories that constrain participants’ reports.Future Directions Triangulation between different techniques will be important to allow an account of mind-wandering that is not tied to a specific method. For example, probe caught PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GcmFua2xpbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+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=
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GcmFua2xpbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+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=
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Franklin et al 2013a, Kam et al 2011, Smallwood et al 2011a) and retrospective methods PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CYXJyb248L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CYXJyb248L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Barron et al 2011, Smallwood et al 2012) reveal similar changes in pupil dilation and in the EEG, suggesting that certain results will be conserved across ES methodologies. Box Three. Open questions regarding the phenomenology of mind-wanderingWhat is the relationship between meta cognitive awareness and the control of mind-wandering?It is possible that the experience of catching is the result of a monitoring process that allows the individual to intermittently take stock of the contents of consciousness and direct it back to desired goal. It is also possible that the process of catching is a consequence of the mind-wandering episode coming to an end for other reasons and because the experience has loosened its grip on consciousness the individual the opportunity to self-report the experience.What is the relationship between different types of content and different qualities of thought? It is possible that there are important linkages between the mental contents of the experience and subjective qualities such as awareness. For example, studies have found that ruminating on the past during mind-wandering is linked to negative mood ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Smallwood</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>120</RecNum><DisplayText>(Smallwood & O'Connor 2011)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>120</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">120</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>O'Connor, R. C.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Social Neuroscience, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>Imprisoned by the past: Unhappy moods lead to a retrospective bias to mind wandering</title><secondary-title>Cognition & emotion</secondary-title><alt-title>Cogn Emot</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Cognition & Emotion</full-title><abbr-1>Cognition Emotion</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Cognition & emotion</full-title><abbr-1>Cogn Emot</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1-10</pages><edition>2011/03/25</edition><dates><year>2011</year><pub-dates><date>Mar 21</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1464-0600 (Electronic)
0269-9931 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>21432633</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Smallwood & O'Connor 2011) and that dysphoric thought is also characterized by a lack of awareness ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Deng</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>4089</RecNum><DisplayText>(Deng et al 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4089</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4089</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Deng, Yu-Qin</author><author>Li, Song</author><author>Tang, Yi-Yuan</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The Relationship Between Wandering Mind, Depression and Mindfulness</title><secondary-title>Mindfulness</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Mindfulness</full-title></periodical><pages>1-5</pages><dates><year>2012</year></dates><isbn>1868-8527</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Deng et al 2012). This suggestion could explain why participants have difficulty in refraining from rumination, if participants often lack awareness of thoughts regarding the past, this would prevent them from disengaging from these cognitions (see also Baird et al, 2013).Box Four. Open questions regarding the component process accountWhat role does perceptual decoupling play in self-generated-thought?One possibility is that perceptual decoupling is necessary for a coherent internal train of thought to emerge PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFy
PjxSZWNOdW0+MTA2PC9SZWNOdW0+PERpc3BsYXlUZXh0PihLYW0gJmFtcDsgSGFuZHkgMjAxMywg
U21hbGx3b29kIDIwMTNhLCBTbWFsbHdvb2QgMjAxM2IpPC9EaXNwbGF5VGV4dD48cmVjb3JkPjxy
ZWMtbnVtYmVyPjEwNjwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGIt
aWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+MTA2PC9rZXk+PC9mb3Jl
aWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxj
b250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2QsIEouPC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRo
b3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPkRpc3Rpbmd1aXNoaW5nIGhvdyBmcm9t
IHdoeSB0aGUgbWluZCB3YW5kZXJzOiBhIHByb2Nlc3Mtb2NjdXJlbmNlIGZyYW1ld29yayBmb3Ig
c2VsZiBnZW5lcmF0ZWQgdGhvdWdodDwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5Qc3ljaG9sb2dp
Y2FsIGJ1bGxldGluPC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwt
dGl0bGU+UHN5Y2hvbG9naWNhbCBidWxsZXRpbjwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PGRh
dGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMTM8L3llYXI+PC9kYXRlcz48dXJscz48L3VybHM+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRl
PjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+U21hbGx3b29kPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxMzwvWWVhcj48UmVjTnVt
PjM0MzwvUmVjTnVtPjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+MzQzPC9yZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWdu
LWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0idDBlZXJ0NXRuMHp6eGhlYXN2OXg1ZXNjdzVhYXh2
d2Y1YXI1Ij4zNDM8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5hbCBB
cnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPlNtYWxs
d29vZCwgSi48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGgtYWRkcmVzcz5T
bWFsbHdvb2QsIEomI3hEO01heCBQbGFuY2sgSW5zdCBIdW1hbiBDb2duaXQgJmFtcDsgQnJhaW4g
U2NpLCBEZXB0IFNvY2lhbCBOZXVyb3NjaSwgU3RlcGhhbnN0cmFzc2UgMUEsIExlaXB6aWcsIEdl
cm1hbnkmI3hEO01heCBQbGFuY2sgSW5zdCBIdW1hbiBDb2duaXQgJmFtcDsgQnJhaW4gU2NpLCBE
ZXB0IFNvY2lhbCBOZXVyb3NjaSwgU3RlcGhhbnN0cmFzc2UgMUEsIExlaXB6aWcsIEdlcm1hbnkm
I3hEO01heCBQbGFuY2sgSW5zdCBIdW1hbiBDb2duaXQgJmFtcDsgQnJhaW4gU2NpLCBMZWlwemln
LCBHZXJtYW55PC9hdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+U2VhcmNoaW5nIGZvciB0aGUg
RWxlbWVudHMgb2YgVGhvdWdodDogUmVwbHkgdG8gRnJhbmtsaW4sIE1yYXplaywgQnJvYWR3YXks
IGFuZCBTY2hvb2xlciAoMjAxMyk8L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+UHN5Y2hvbG9naWNh
bCBidWxsZXRpbjwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjxhbHQtdGl0bGU+UHN5Y2hvbCBCdWxsPC9hbHQt
dGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+UHN5Y2hvbG9naWNhbCBidWxs
ZXRpbjwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48L3BlcmlvZGljYWw+PGFsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxmdWxsLXRpdGxl
PlBzeWNob2xvZ2ljYWwgYnVsbGV0aW48L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5Qc3ljaG9sIEJ1bGw8
L2FiYnItMT48L2FsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxwYWdlcz41NDItNTQ3PC9wYWdlcz48dm9sdW1lPjEz
OTwvdm9sdW1lPjxudW1iZXI+MzwvbnVtYmVyPjxrZXl3b3Jkcz48a2V5d29yZD5wZXJjZXB0dWFs
IGRlY291cGxpbmc8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+bWluZCB3YW5kZXJpbmc8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtl
eXdvcmQ+aW50ZXJuYWwgdHJhaW4gb2YgdGhvdWdodDwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD50YXNrIHVu
cmVsYXRlZCB0aG91Z2h0PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPnN0aW11bHVzIGluZGVwZW5kZW50IHRo
b3VnaHQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+d2FuZGVyaW5nIG1pbmQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+
bW9vZHMgbGVhZDwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5kaXN0cmFjdGlvbjwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29y
ZD5jb2duaXRpb248L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+bmV0d29yazwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5j
b3J0ZXg8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+YnJhaW48L2tleXdvcmQ+PC9rZXl3b3Jkcz48ZGF0ZXM+
PHllYXI+MjAxMzwveWVhcj48cHViLWRhdGVzPjxkYXRlPk1heTwvZGF0ZT48L3B1Yi1kYXRlcz48
L2RhdGVzPjxpc2JuPjAwMzMtMjkwOTwvaXNibj48YWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT5JU0k6MDAwMzE3ODU1
MjAwMDAzPC9hY2Nlc3Npb24tbnVtPjx1cmxzPjxyZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PHVybD4mbHQ7R28gdG8g
SVNJJmd0OzovLzAwMDMxNzg1NTIwMDAwMzwvdXJsPjwvcmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjwvdXJscz48ZWxl
Y3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+RG9pIDEwLjEwMzcvQTAwMzEwMTk8L2VsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVz
b3VyY2UtbnVtPjxsYW5ndWFnZT5FbmdsaXNoPC9sYW5ndWFnZT48L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PENp
dGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LYW08L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEzPC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNOdW0+MzY0OTwvUmVj
TnVtPjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+MzY0OTwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxr
ZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9InQwZWVydDV0bjB6enhoZWFzdjl4NWVzY3c1YWF4dndmNWFyNSI+
MzY0OTwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUi
PjE3PC9yZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+S2FtLCBKLiBXLjwv
YXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+SGFuZHksIFQuIEMuPC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0
b3JzPjxhdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+QXR0ZW50aW9uYWwgTmV1cm9zY2llbmNlIExhYiwgRGVwYXJ0bWVu
dCBvZiBQc3ljaG9sb2d5LCBVbml2ZXJzaXR5IG9mIEJyaXRpc2ggQ29sdW1iaWEgVmFuY291dmVy
LCBCQywgQ2FuYWRhLjwvYXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPlRoZSBuZXVyb2NvZ25p
dGl2ZSBjb25zZXF1ZW5jZXMgb2YgdGhlIHdhbmRlcmluZyBtaW5kOiBhIG1lY2hhbmlzdGljIGFj
Y291bnQgb2Ygc2Vuc29yeS1tb3RvciBkZWNvdXBsaW5nPC90aXRsZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxl
PkZyb250IFBzeWNob2w8L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48YWx0LXRpdGxlPkZyb250aWVycyBpbiBw
c3ljaG9sb2d5PC9hbHQtdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+RnJv
bnQgUHN5Y2hvbDwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPkZyb250aWVycyBpbiBwc3ljaG9sb2d5PC9h
YmJyLTE+PC9wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxhbHQtcGVyaW9kaWNhbD48ZnVsbC10aXRsZT5Gcm9udGllcnMg
aW4gcHN5Y2hvbG9neTwvZnVsbC10aXRsZT48YWJici0xPkZyb250IFBzeWNob2w8L2FiYnItMT48
L2FsdC1wZXJpb2RpY2FsPjxwYWdlcz43MjU8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+NDwvdm9sdW1lPjxlZGl0
aW9uPjIwMTMvMTAvMTg8L2VkaXRpb24+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMTM8L3llYXI+PC9kYXRlcz48
aXNibj4xNjY0LTEwNzggKFByaW50KTwvaXNibj48YWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT4yNDEzMzQ3MjwvYWNj
ZXNzaW9uLW51bT48d29yay10eXBlPlJldmlldzwvd29yay10eXBlPjx1cmxzPjxyZWxhdGVkLXVy
bHM+PHVybD5odHRwOi8vd3d3Lm5jYmkubmxtLm5paC5nb3YvcHVibWVkLzI0MTMzNDcyPC91cmw+
PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxzPjxjdXN0b20yPjM3OTYzMjc8L2N1c3RvbTI+PGVsZWN0cm9u
aWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjMzODkvZnBzeWcuMjAxMy4wMDcyNTwvZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNv
dXJjZS1udW0+PGxhbmd1YWdlPkVuZzwvbGFuZ3VhZ2U+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjwvRW5kTm90
ZT5=
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Kam & Handy 2013, Smallwood 2013a, Smallwood 2013b). In this view, perceptual decoupling reflects the flexible reorganization of processes to facilitate a conscious focus on self-generated information. In the same way that attention allows one modality of sensory information to receive preferential processing compared to an irrelevant modality ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Posner</Author><Year>1990</Year><RecNum>5274</RecNum><DisplayText>(Posner & Petersen 1990)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5274</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5274</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Posner, Michael I.</author><author>Petersen, Steven E.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The Attention System of the Human Brain</title><secondary-title>Annual review of neuroscience</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Annual review of neuroscience</full-title><abbr-1>Annu Rev Neurosci</abbr-1></periodical><pages>25-42</pages><volume>13</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>1990</year></dates><accession-num>2183676</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Posner & Petersen 1990), perceptual decoupling may facilitate mind-wandering by inhibiting the processing of information unrelated to the train of thought, which in this case is often an external task.A second possibility is that perceptual decoupling is not a process that is specifically dedicated to insulating the inner stream of thought but rather is a consequence of limited attentional resources ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Franklin</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>4828</RecNum><DisplayText>(Franklin et al 2013c)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4828</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">4828</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Franklin, M. S.</author><author>Mrazek, M. D.</author><author>Broadway, J. M.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. franklin@psych.ucsb.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Disentangling decoupling: comment on Smallwood (2013)</title><secondary-title>Psychological bulletin</secondary-title><alt-title>Psychological bulletin</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological bulletin</full-title></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Psychological bulletin</full-title></alt-periodical><pages>536-41</pages><volume>139</volume><number>3</number><edition>2013/04/24</edition><keywords><keyword>Attention/*physiology</keyword><keyword>Cognition/*physiology</keyword><keyword>*Fantasy</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Perception/*physiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>May</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1939-1455 (Electronic)
0033-2909 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>23607431</accession-num><work-type>Comment
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>;(Franklin et al 2013c). According to this alternative view, the process of perceptual decoupling reflects the fact that attention has ceased to be paid to external information, but it does not play a functional role in maintaining the ongoing internal train of thought.What role does executive control play in the mind-wandering state?Despite studies showing a clear link between mind-wandering and executive control, at present there is no clear consensus on its precise relationship PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEwPC9ZZWFy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=
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TbWFsbHdvb2Q8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEwPC9ZZWFy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=
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (McVay & Kane 2010, Smallwood 2010). The executive failure account (Mcvay & Kane, 2010) fails to explain the positive correlation between working memory capacity and task unrelated self-generated-thoughts in non-demanding conditions (Levinson et al 2012, Rummel & Boywitt 2014), interpretations of causality with respect to mind-wandering ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Mrazek</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>91</RecNum><DisplayText>(Mrazek et al 2012a)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>91</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">91</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mrazek, M. D.</author><author>Smallwood, J.</author><author>Franklin, M. S.</author><author>Chin, J. M.</author><author>Baird, B.</author><author>Schooler, J. W.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences.</auth-address><titles><title>The role of mind-wandering in measurements of general aptitude</title><secondary-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</secondary-title><alt-title>J Exp Psychol Gen</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</full-title><abbr-1>J Exp Psychol Gen</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</full-title><abbr-1>J Exp Psychol Gen</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>788-98</pages><volume>141</volume><number>4</number><edition>2012/04/04</edition><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1939-2222 (Electronic)
0022-1015 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>22468669</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Mrazek et al 2012a), nor the difference between external distraction and self-generated-thought PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CYXJyb248L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CYXJyb248L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDExPC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Barron et al 2011, Esterman et al 2014, He et al 2013, Stawarczyk et al 2014, Unsworth under revison). Similarly the executive control hypothesis (Smallwood & Schooler, 2006) does not explain why high working memory reduces mind-wandering in demanding tasks PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NY1ZheTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl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=
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5NY1ZheTwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl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=
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (McVay & Kane 2009, McVay & Kane 2010, Unsworth & McMillan 2013). As neither executive failure nor executive control hypotheses can explain the available data, a compromise may be found in the idea that the role of executive control on the mind-wandering state varies as a function of the relative demands of the external task. This is known as the context regulation hypothesis (See section on Costs and Benefits). Box Five. Understanding the costs of the wandering mind: the context and content regulation hypothesis. Although mind-wandering is both a cause of error in external tasks (such as reading or automobile driving) and has close links to negative affect, it is also a correlate of creativity and delay gratification. It has also been found to be a correlate of both greater and lesser executive control. Such a disparate relationship to distinct psychological measures indicates that accounting for the functional outcomes resultant from mind-wandering requires hypotheses that can address these reasonably complex patterns of data.Context regulation hypothesis Two clear patterns emerge from the work on mind-wandering across the last decade. First, mind-wandering is more likely under conditions that do not demand external attention. Second, mind-wandering is a cause of poor performance in demanding tasks such as reading. Together these lines of evidence suggest that optimal cognition would limit task unrelated self-generated-thoughts to situations that do not demand continuous attention. This is known as the context regulation hypothesis. Content regulation hypothesisA second consequence of mind-wandering is its documented relationship to negative affect, with studies suggesting that negatively toned mind-wandering may be implicated in premature aging ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Epel</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5425</RecNum><DisplayText>(Epel et al 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5425</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="t0eert5tn0zzxheasv9x5escw5aaxvwf5ar5">5425</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Epel, Elissa S</author><author>Puterman, Eli</author><author>Lin, Jue</author><author>Blackburn, Elizabeth</author><author>Lazaro, Alanie</author><author>Mendes, Wendy Berry</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Wandering minds and aging cells</title><secondary-title>Clinical psychological science</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Clinical psychological science</full-title></periodical><pages>75-83</pages><volume>1</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>2167-7026</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Epel et al 2013). However, studies have found that the most deleterious consequences occur when the mind wanders to the past, rather than to other topics. Furthermore, aspects of the content of mind-wandering (such as interest) are also linked to positive mood (Franklin et al). Together these results suggest that the relationship between the functional outcomes, at least with respect to mood, depend on the content of the episode themselves. This is known as the content regulation hypothesis and suggests that understanding the costs of such mind-wandering experiences can only be properly understood by taking into account its content (see the Phenomenology Section). Figure OneFigure TwoFigure ThreeFigure FourFigure FiveFigure Six ................
................
In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.
To fulfill the demand for quickly locating and searching documents.
It is intelligent file search solution for home and business.