Chapter 7 Electron Configuration and the Periodic Table
[Pages:61]Chapter 7
Electron Configuration and the Periodic Table
Copyright McGraw-Hill 2009
1
7.1 Development of the
Periodic Table
? 1864 - John Newlands - Law of Octaves- every 8th element had similar properties when arranged by atomic masses (not true past Ca)
? 1869 - Dmitri Mendeleev & Lothar Meyer - independently proposed idea of periodicity (recurrence of properties)
Copyright McGraw-Hill 2009
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? Mendeleev
? Grouped elements (66) according to properties
? Predicted properties for elements not yet discovered
? Though a good model, Mendeleev could not explain inconsistencies, for instance, all elements were not in order according to atomic mass
Copyright McGraw-Hill 2009
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? 1913 - Henry Moseley explained the discrepancy
? Discovered correlation between number
of protons (atomic number) and frequency of X rays generated
? Today, elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number
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Periodic Table by Dates of Discovery
Copyright McGraw-Hill 2009
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Essential Elements in the Human Body
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The Modern Periodic Table
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7.2 The Modern Periodic Table
? Classification of Elements
? Main group elements "representative elements" Group 1A7A
? Noble gases - Group 8A all have ns2np6 configuration(exception-He)
? Transition elements - 1B, 3B - 8B "dblock"
? Lanthanides/actinides - "f-block"
Copyright McGraw-Hill 2009
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