UNIT 3 TEST: - Northern Highlands Regional High School
CP Psychology
FINAL REVIEW
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Name:____________________________
Rabadan
Chapter 1
The Science of Psychology
1. All of the following are schools of thought EXCEPT
a. Voluntarism
b. Structuralism
c. Voyeurism
d. Psychodynamic
e. Behaviorism
2. The first psychological laboratory was founded in 1879 by
a. B.F. Skinner
b. Jean Piaget
c. Sigmund Freud
d. Wilhelm Wundt
3. All of the following experiments were discussed in class as raising ethical issues EXCEPT
a. Stanford prison study
b. Landis’ facial expression study
c. Milgram’s obedience study
d. Watson’s Baby Albert study
4. Psychology is the science of …
a. objective introspection
b. emotions
c. behavior and mental processes
d. mental disorders
5. The relationship between hours spent studying and good grades can best be described as
a. causation
b. correlation
c. if-then
d. objective
Chapter 2
The Biological Basis of Behavior
6. Psychologists who study the brain’s influence on behavior are called__________.
a. neuropsychologists
b. evolutionary psychologists
c. experimental psychologists
e. personality psychologists
7. The smallest unit in the nervous system is the ___________.
a. dendrite
b. neuron
c. axon
d. nerve
8. Neurons whose primary purpose is to collect information from the sensory organs and carry that information to the spinal cord or brain are called _______.
a. afferent neurons
b. active neurons
c. efferent neurons
d. interneurons
9. The so-called “master gland” that appears to help regulate the other endocrine glands is the _____________ gland.
a. adrenal
b. pineal
c. pituitary
d. thyroid
10. Which of the following have the MOST similar genetic composition?
a. fraternal twins
b. siblings
c. identical twins
d. cousins
11. Phineas Gage was a foreman on a railroad crew who suffered brain damage in a blasting accident. After the accident he lost interest in his job and had difficulty maintaining any goal-directed behaviors. He seemed apathetic and capable of only shallow emotions. The damaged part of his brain was probably the ___________________.
a. occipital lobe
b. temporal lobe
c. parietal lobe
d. frontal lobe
Chapter 3
Sensation and Perception
12. The process of creating meaningful patterns from raw sensory information is_____.
a. sensation
b. transduction
c. the phi phenomenon
d. perception
13. Which of the following is NOT a measure of threshold?
a. absolute threshold
b. difference threshold
c. just noticeable difference
d. separation threshold
14. The point at which a person can detect a stimulus 50 percent of the time it is presented
is called the ____________.
a. absolute threshold
b. difference threshold
c. range threshold
d. noticeable threshold
15. A response to an unknown event not presented to any known sense is the technical defintion of __________.
a. cognitive distortion
b. extrasensory perception
c. a perceptual illusion
d. the phi phenomenon
16. For humans, the ability to ________ is probably the most important sense.
a. hear
b. taste
c. see
d. smell
17. The clear, transparent protective coating over the front part of the eye is the _______.
a. fovea
b. cornea
c. sclera
d. iris
18. The inner lining on the back of the eyeball containing receptor cells which are sensitive to light is called the ____________.
a. fovea
b. retina
c. iris
d. optic nerve
Chapter 4
States of Consciousness
19. Our sleeping-waking cycle follows a
a. NREM rhythm
b. 5-stage rhythm
c. REM rhythm
d. Circadian rhythm
20. Freud explained dreams as
a. an oral fixation
b. unfulfilled wishes from waking consciousness
c. neural firing
d. unnecessary information cleaned out of the brain
21. Chemical substances that change moods and perceptions are called __________ drugs.
a. prescription
b. analgesic
c. psychosomatic
d. psychoactive
22. The popular American 19th century patent medicine, laudanum, was made of ____.
a. Cocaine and morphine
b. alcohol and caffeine
c. opium and alcohol
d. caffeine and cocaine
23. “Club Drugs” refer to
a. socially approved drugs available
over-the-counter or in bars and
private clubs.
b. substances manufactured in small
laboratories or even home kitchens.
c. traditionally popular illegal
substances such as marijuana and
cocaine.
d. prescription drugs used for
recreational purposes
24. _________ is America’s number one drug problem.
a. Alcohol
b. Cocaine
c. Heroin
d. Nicotine
25. Humans have the urge to engage in this naturally occurring altered state of consciousness about every 90 minutes
a. sleeping lucid
b. dreaming
c. daydreaming
e. narcolepsy
Chapter 5
Learning
26. Which of the following psychologists is associated with classical conditioning?
a. Pavlov
b. Thorndike
c. Watson
d. Bandura
27. He created an apparatus for training lab animals with conditioning.
a. Thorndike
b. Watson
c. Skinner
d. Bandura
28. An alternative to punishment that involves giving organisms a warning before being punished is known as
a. omission training
b. Garcia effect
c. Avoidance training
d. Systematic desensitization
29. Anything that adds something desirable to increase the likelihood of a behavior is called a
a. positive punishment
b. negative punishment
c. positive reinforcement
d. negative reinforcement
30. His work with cats in a puzzle box illustrated the concept of operant conditioning.
a. Skinner
b. Watson
c. Thorndike
d. Bandura
31. Another name for negative punishment is
a. reinforcement
b. omission training
c. avoidance training
d. vicarious learning
Chapter 6
Memory
32. The theory that cognitive psychologists use to explain memory today is known as the
a. long term potentiation
b. decay theory
c. information processing theory
d. interference theory
33. The theory that cognitive psychologists use to explain memory today is known as the
a. long term potentiation
b. decay theory
c. information processing theory
d. interference theory
34. Also known as working memory, it can store about as much as we can rehearse in 1.5 to 2 seconds.
a. LTM
b. Sensory registers
c. Episodic memory
d. STM
35. If you had to memorize the list of numbers 2009199917761984 and chose to remember it as 2009 1999 1776 1984, you are using the technique of
a. rote rehearsal
b. elaborative rehearsal
c. schemata
d. chunking
36. According to this, we remember the beginning of a list of items more easily.
a. Retrograde amnesia
b. Decay
c. Recency
e. Primacy
37. Method of enhancing STM where you repeat information over and over again
a. elaborative rehearsal
b. schemata
c. rote rehearsal
d. sufi meditation
Chapter 7&8
Intelligence
38. This early theorist who proposed 7 distinct and independent intelligence areas proposed ideas that would later evolve into the contemporary theory of “multiple intelligences.”
a. Thurstone
b. Goleman
c. Sternberg
d. Spearman
39. Test after retest, an individual receives similar scores. The test is said to have
a. Validity
b. Reliability
c. Bias
d. Standardization
40. Your performance compared to other test takers is expressed as the
a. standardization
b. raw score
c. percentage correct
d. standard score
41. This corresponds with the number of questions you answered correctly on a given test.
a. Standardization
b. Raw score
c. Standard score
d. Percentile score
42. This researcher developed the first IQ test still used for adults.
a. Stanford Binet
b. Simon Binet
c. Wechsler
d. Terman
43. The most common IQ score HAS TO BE
a. 80
b. 120
c. 150
d. 100
44. His early theory of intelligence advocated a G-factor regarding intelligence: strength in a specific area often was indicative of overall intelligence.
a. Goleman
b. Gardner
c. Spearman
d. Sternberg
Chapter 9
Motivation and Emotion
45. Non-human animals secrete these chemicals to signal sexual readiness.
a. estrogens
b. hormones
c. testosterone
d. pheromones
46. An eating disorder that involves binging and purging behavior.
a. diabetes
b. bulimia
c. anorexia
d. obesity
47. The primary drives include all of the following EXCEPT
a. sex
b. thirst
c. hunger
d. manipulation and contact
48. Our bodies try to maintain ____, which is a state of balance.
a. reciprocity
b. incentives
c. homeostasis
d. acquiescence
49. The Harlows conducted research on infant monkeys to determine that the bond between mother and infant is primarily driven by a need for
a .esteem
b. contact
c. food
d. curiosity
50. A(n) ____ is a need that pushes a person to work toward a specific goal.
a. motive
b. incentive
c. behavior
e. stimulus
51. Another name for hand gestures, they vary from culture to culture
a. jazz hands
b. display rules
c. emotions
d. emblems
Chapter 10
Life Span Development
52. The study of how people change from birth to old age is called …. Psychology.
a. Cognitive
b. Developmental
c. Behavioral
d. Aging
53. Cocaine, alcohol, tetracycline, lithium and valium are all known to be toxic to the developing fetus. These chemicals are called
a. Neurotransmitters
b. Teratogens
c. Pheromones
d. Carcinogenic
54. The five stages of death/grief were proposed by
a. Skinner
b. Chomsky
c. Kubler-Ross
d. Thomas and Chess
55. The developmental period from conception to birth is known as the …stage
a. Neonatal
b. Prenatal
c. Fetal
d. Embryonic
56. The “visual cliff” is used to measure
a. Motor development
b. Egocentrism
c. Depth perception
d. Distance vision
57. The physical changes that occur during the process of sexual maturity.
a. Adolescence
b. Growth spurt
c. Puberty
d. Menopause
58. The “Heinz Dilemma” was used by Kohlberg to measure
a. Moral Development
b. Cognitive development
c. Motor Development
d. Social Development
Chapter 11
Personality
59. According to your text, personality is each of the following EXCEPT _____.
a. unpredictable
b. stable
c. enduring
d. unique
60. The best known and most influential psychodynamic theorist is ________.
a. Freud
b. Watson
c. Skinner
d. Maslow
61. For Freud, the id is _____.
a. completely conscious
b. mostly conscious
c. mostly unconscious
d. completely unconscious
62. Each of the following theorists is considered a “neo-Freudian” EXCEPT_______.
a. Horney
b. Cattell
c. Adler
d. Erickson
63. Collective memories of experiences people have had in common since prehistoric times, such as mothers, heroes, or villains are called _____by Jung.
a. personas
b. animisms
c. archetypes
d. animas
64. Adler called the individual’s attempts to overcome physical weaknesses _______.
a. reciprocity
b. reaction formation
c. compensation
d. fictional finalism
65. Horney believed that ____ factors are the most important factors shaping personality.
a. social
b. innate
c. sexual
d. unconscious
Chapter 13
Abnormal Psychology
66. In the United States, this individual fought for the human treatment of psychiatric patients.
a. Philippe Pinel
b. Hippocrates
c. Dorothea Dix
d. Sigmund Freud
67. With the advent of antipsychotic drugs in the 1960s, many long-term psychiatric patients were released from institutions. This movement was called
a. ECT
b. deinstitutionalization
c. DSM
d. Lobotomy
68. Those who experience generalized anxiety disorder often experience anxiety without a source. This anxiety is called
a. paranoia
b. phobia
c. free-floating
d. fugue
69. Sexual desire disorders are also called
a. dysfunctions
b. rumination disorders
c. affective disorders
d. paraphilias
70. An acute feeling of anxiety that is brief but very intense. Individuals experiencing it often feel as though they may not live through it.
a. phobia
b. panic attack
c. hypochondriasis
d. fugue
71. Through most of the Dark and Middle Ages, people believed mental illness was a result of demonic possession. This view was known as the
a. Naturalistic View
b. Supernatural View
c. Biological View
d. Demonic View
72. Muffy reports that she often feels like she is separated from her body or floating above herself. She sometimes feels like she is not real or that she is a doll or robot. She most likely has
a. somatization
b. conversion
c. depersonalization
d. fugue
Chapter 15
Social Psychology
73. A set of beliefs or expectations about something/someone based on past experiences is also known as
a. Recategorization
b. In-group bias
c. Ethnocentrism
d. Schema
74. Early information about someone makes a greater impact than later information in forming impressions
a. Prejudice
b. Ethnocentrism
c. Primacy effect
d. Attribution
75. Perceived inconsistency between two cognitions
a. Cognitive dissonance
b. Attribution
c. Self-Serving Bias
d. Recategorization
76. Beliefs that most members of a society accept as self-evident and indisputable.
a. Assimilators
b. Cultural Truisms
c. Norms
d. Altruism
77. Helping behavior that is not linked to personal gain
a. Groupthink
b. Attribution
c. Altruism
d. Ethnocentrism
78. An unspoken pressure to go along with group norms is also known as
a. Obedience
b. Conformity
c. Compliance
d. Altruism
79. The Kitty Genovese case inspired social psychologists to conduct research on
a. Altruism
b. Conformity
c. Obedience
d. Ethnocentrism
80. Milgram’s experiment was designed to test
a. Obedience
b. Altruism
c. Conformity
d. Learning
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