INTRODUCTION TO A LEVEL MATHS AT MGGS
-691515-59309000Flying start: Computer Science111696517399000Planner?The following plan is meant as a guide to help you structure the activities in this flying start?pack between June and August.??You can work at your own pace and spend less or more time on each activity.?For programming, ROUTE A is for those with programming experience, and ROUTE B is for those with no programming experience.Week and activity number?Page number?Time allocation?Complete??Week 1: Task 1 – Hello WorldRoute A –?2Route B – 1430 Minutes?Task 2 – SequenceRoute A –?3Route B – 1690 Minutes??Week 2: Task 3 - VariablesRoute A -?5?Route B – 18120 Minutes??Week 3: Task 4 – Constants & InputsRoute A –?8Route B – 2190 Minutes??Week 4: Task 5 - SelectionRoute A –?10Route B – 23120 Minutes??Week 5: Task 6 - RepetitionRoute A -??12Route B – 26120 Minutes?Week 6: Task 7 – Bits & Bytes?29?90 Minutes?Week 7: Task 8 – Types of Number?32?90 Minutes?Week 8: Task 9 – Binary?34?90 Minutes?Week 9: Task 10 – Hexadecimal?38?90 Minutes?Week 10: Task 11– Assessment?41?60 Minutes?Programming Skills – Route AThis route is for student who have studied Computer Science at GCSE or have programming experience.Task 1 – Hello WorldThe first tasks for learning any programming language is to create a ‘Hello World’ program. You currently have some programming experience, so use the language you are most comfortable with. If you can’t install the language onto your computer, you could look for an online version from the table below:LanguageLinkPython Basic Basic, onlinegdb, and jdoodle have many other languages available.Copy your Hello World code into the table below, and fully explain your code.CodeExplanationSome languages will require you to create a program structure around your task, if this is the case can you also explain these lines of code also.Task 2 - SequenceEvery programming language is created using just three key concepts (Constructs). Examining these concepts will not only teach you how to program, but you will also gain an important deeper knowledge which will allow you to be more independent.Research ‘Sequence Programming Construct’.Complete the definition below:DefinitionExplain why it is important:Why is it important?What is the implication for the programmer?ImplicationsExamples5) Write a program to output the following rows of stars:****************Copy your code into the table below, and fully explain your code.CodeExplanation6)Write a program to output the following Menu:**** My System Menu **************************** 1: Load Data ** 2: Save Data ** 3: Clear Data ** 4: Run System ** 5: Exit System ************************Copy your code into the table below, and fully explain your code.CodeExplanationTask 3 - VariablesA variable is used to store a value within a program, the value stored can be changed while the program is running by the code. Variables can then be used in calculations and can also be used to determine the path of your program.Different languages handle variables slightly differently, in most languages you have to specify what type of data the variable will hold. Python will determine the data type depending on the data stored, it will even allow you to change the type of data stored.Research ‘Sequence Programming Variables’.Explain why they are need below:Why VariablesWhat is a Data TypeDefinitionExplain the following Data Types (include examples):StringIntegerBooleanCharFloat, Real, Double etcExamples5) Write a program which creates the following variables:VariableData TypeValueFirstNameStringJoeLastNameStringBloggsAgeInteger21InitialCharAGlassesBooleanTrueNow, using your variables, create the following output:‘Hello my name is {FirstName} {Initial} {LastName}, I am {Age} years of age, and it is {Glasses} that I wear glasses.’The { } brackets indicate where your variable should go, and which should be used for each position. Copy your code into the table below, and fully explain your code.CodeExplanation6) Write a which creates the following variables:VariableData TypeValueItemString“Tape Measure”PriceFloat, Real, Double etc4.50QuantityInteger50VATFloat, Real, Double etc0.20Now, using your variables, create the calculations:ItemTotal = Price * QuantityVATTotal = ItemTotal * VATFinalTotal = ItemTotal + VATTotalNow create the following output:{Item}{Quantity} x ? {Price} = {ItemTotal}VAT = {VAT}Final Total = {Final Total}The { } brackets indicate where your variable should go, and which should be used for each position. Copy your code into the table below, and fully explain your code.CodeExplanationTask 4 – Constants & InputA constant is just like a variable and is used to store a value within a program, the value stored however cannot be changed while the program is running. The only way to change the value of a constant is to change the value in the code.Identify some examples of constants, and their value:Constant ExamplesEven though it can change VAT is often created as a constant, why?VAT as a ConstantExamplesInvestigate if your programming language can use Constants, if so copy an example here:Constant ExampleCreate the following program, copy it into the space provided and explain:Declare a constant for PI, and give it the value 3.141Create a variable for Radius, and give it the value 9Calculate RadiusSq, by multiplying Radius by itself.Calcuate Area, by multiplying RadiusSq by PIFinally output- ‘The area of a circle with a radius of {Radius} is {Area}’CodeExplanationVariables allow the programmer to perform calculations, however without the ability to read in a value from the user the calculations will be less useful.Each programming language will provide a way to read in a value from the keyboard.Investigate how to read a value from the keyboard and store it as a variableCopy an example of the code into the space below:Input ExampleTo use the input in a calculation you may need to convert the input into a numerical value. Provide an example in the space below:Input Convert ExampleExamplesCreate the following program, copy it into the space provided and explain:Declare a constant for PI, and give it the value 3.141Create a variable for Diameter, and allow the user to input a valueCalculate Circumference, by multiplying Diameter by PICreate the final output:‘The Circumference of a circle with a diameter of {Diameter} is {Circumference}’CodeExplanationTask 5 – SelectionYou have already learnt the first programming concept / construct (Sequence). The next concept is Selection, this is the ability for your program to take different paths based on some condition.Research ‘Selection Programming Construct’.Complete the definition below:DefinitionExplain why it is important:Why is it important?What is the implication for the programmer?ImplicationsCopy an example for an IF statement:IFCopy an example of an IF .. ELSE .. statementIF ELSECopy an example of an IF .. ELSEIF .. ELSE statementIFELSE IFELSEHow can your IF have 2 conditions?IF with 2 conditionsExamplesCreate the following program, copy it into the space provided and explain:Create a variable for Mark, and allow the user to input a value (assume 0-100 only)Create a variable for Message, and give it an initial value of “ “Create an IF statement to check if Mark is less than 40, If true Message = “Fail”Create the ELSE, and add Message = “Pass”Create the final output:‘A Mark of {Mark} is a {Messgae} grade’CodeExplanationExtend your previous program, copy it into the space provided and explain:Copy your program from above, you currently have an IF .. ELSE .. statement that we will expand to include more grades.Between your IF and ELSE sections add an ELSE IF, check if the Mark is less than 60. If true make Message = Pass.Next add another ELSE IF to check if Mark is less than 80. If true make Message = MeritFinally edit your ELSE condition to make Message = Distinction.CodeExplanationTask 6 – Repetition / IterationYou have already learnt the first two programming concept / construct (Sequence & Selection). The next concept is Repetition, this is the ability for your program to repeat a block of code either a given number of times or until a condition is met. Research ‘Repetition Programming Construct’.Complete the definition below:DefinitionExplain why it is important:Why is it important?What is the implication for the programmer?ImplicationsThere are 3 types of repetition:FOR which loops a given number of times, copy an example into the space below:ForWHILE which checks the condition and will loop if true, once completed it will check again. copy an example into the space below:WhileDO WHILE (or Repeat) will run all of the code once and then check the condition, copy an example into the space below:Do While / RepeatExamplesCreate the following program, copy it into the space provided and explain:Create a variable for Number, and allow the user to input a value (assume 0-100 only)Create a FOR loop to run 10 times, the loop should:Create a variable Answer, set the value to Number * Loop CountOutput {Loop Count} x {Number} = {Answer}CodeExplanationCreate the following program, copy it into the space provided and explain:Create a variable for Number, and set the value to be -1Create a WHILE loop, set the condition to be while Number is not equal to -1.The loop should:Read the value from the keyboard, and store it using NumberCreate an IF statement, check if UserInput is greater than 0 AND less than 100Output the input is validCreate an ELSEChange Number back to -1CodeExplanationProgramming Skills – Route BThis route is for student who haven’t studied Computer Science at GCSE or have no programming experience.Task 1 – Hello WorldThe first tasks for learning any programming language is to create a ‘Hello World’ program. You currently have no programming experience, so we are going to use Python and instead of installing it onto your computer we can use one of the online versions below:JDOODLE - output will appear here 020000Your output will appear here 306133529178250023755351069975This is the code panel, it will already have some python commands entered. You can delete any existing code and enter your own code here. 020000This is the code panel, it will already have some python commands entered. You can delete any existing code and enter your own code here. 33089852755900Click Execute to run your code 020000Click Execute to run your code 15563851346200ONLINEGDB - Run to execute your code 020000Click Run to execute your code 18992843949690032518352490470008324852185670Your output will appear below this section while your code is running020000Your output will appear below this section while your code is running19469101282700002556510909320This is the code panel, it will already have some python commands entered. You can delete any existing code and enter your own code here. 020000This is the code panel, it will already have some python commands entered. You can delete any existing code and enter your own code here. PROGRAMIZ - is the code panel, it will already have some python commands entered. You can delete any existing code and enter your own code here. 020000This is the code panel, it will already have some python commands entered. You can delete any existing code and enter your own code here. right1731010Your output will appear here 020000Your output will appear here 309943539751000362331092710Click Run to execute your code 020000Click Run to execute your code TaskUsing one of the online sites, add the following command:print("Hello World")The print() command in python will write the text within the speech marks to the screen.Remember Python is case sensitive so it is important to be precise with your codingNow try the following:print ()ResultNow try the following:print ("Hello", end="")print ("World")ResultTask 2 - SequenceEvery programming language is created using just three key concepts (Constructs). Examining these concepts will not only teach you how to program, but you will also gain an important deeper knowledge which will allow you to be more independent.Research ‘Sequence Programming Construct’.Complete the definition below:DefinitionExplain why it is important:Why is it important?What is the implication for the programmer?ImplicationsExamples5) Write a program to output the following rows of stars (use print() for each line):****************Python uses indentation so make sure each line has no spaces before your commands. Copy your code into the table below, and fully explain your code.CodeExplanation6)Write a program to output the following Menu (use print() for each line):**** My System Menu **************************** 1: Load Data ** 2: Save Data ** 3: Clear Data ** 4: Run System ** 5: Exit System ************************Python uses indentation so make sure each line has no spaces before your commands.Copy your code into the table below, and fully explain your code.CodeExplanationTask 3 - VariablesA variable is used to store a value within a program, the value stored can be changed while the program is running by the code. Variables can then be used in calculations and can also be used to determine the path of your program.Different languages handle variables slightly differently, in most languages you have to specify what type of data the variable will hold. Python will determine the data type depending on the data stored, it will even allow you to change the type of data stored.Research ‘Sequence Programming Variables’.Explain why they are need below:Why VariablesWhat is a Data TypeDefinitionExplain the following Data Types (include examples):StringIntegerBooleanFloat, Real, Double etcIn Python, a variable can be created by giving a variable name and assigning it a value with = , So:VariableName = Valueprint(VariableName)Remember the value for a string will need to be in quote marks, and a Boolean should be True or False. Python will also determine the data type for you and you don’t need to provide one. The second line shows that you can print any variable by using the variable inside the ( ) or the print.The print() command can only print a string, so if your variable is not a string you will need to convert it. This can be done using str():VariableName = 10print( str( VariableName ) )You can also use int() to convert to an integer, this will be required to convert the data entered by a user to an integer. You can also use float() to convert to a float or real number.Examples5) Write a program which creates the following variables:VariableData TypeValueFirstNameStringJoeLastNameStringBloggsAgeInteger21InitialCharAGlassesBooleanTrueNow, using your variables, create the following output:‘Hello my name is {FirstName} {Initial} {LastName}, I am {Age} years of age, and it is {Glasses} that I wear glasses.’The { } brackets indicate where your variable should go, and which should be used for each position. Copy your code into the table below, and fully explain your code.CodeExplanation6) Write a which creates the following variables:VariableData TypeValueItemString“Tape Measure”PriceFloat, Real, Double etc4.50QuantityInteger50VATFloat, Real, Double etc0.20Now, using your variables, create the calculations:ItemTotal = Price * QuantityVATTotal = ItemTotal * VATFinalTotal = ItemTotal + VATTotalNow create the following output:{Item}{Quantity} x ? {Price} = {ItemTotal}VAT = {VAT}Final Total = {Final Total}The { } brackets indicate where your variable should go, and which should be used for each position. Copy your code into the table below, and fully explain your code.CodeExplanationTask 4 – Constants & InputA constant is just like a variable and is used to store a value within a program, the value stored however cannot be changed while the program is running. The only way to change the value of a constant is to change the value in the code.Identify some examples of constants, and their value:Constant ExamplesEven though it can change VAT is often created as a constant, why?VAT as a ConstantIn Python the convention for constants is to declare them in capitals:CONSTANT = Valueprint(CONSTANT)However this doesn’t prevent you from changing its value while the program is running. This is a limitation of Python and is something which makes programming simpler but the trade off is a lack of features from other languages.ExamplesCreate the following program, copy it into the space provided and explain:Declare a constant for PI, and give it the value 3.141 Create a variable for Radius, and give it the value 9Calculate RadiusSq, by multiplying Radius by itself.Calcuate Area, by multiplying RadiusSq by PIFinally output- ‘The area of a circle with a radius of {Radius} is {Area}’CodeExplanationVariables allow the programmer to perform calculations, however without the ability to read in a value from the user the calculations will be less useful.Each programming language will provide a way to read in a value from the keyboard. In Python this is achieved using the input() command:Name = input("Enter your name")print("hello " + Name)The quotes within the ( ) of the input will be displayed as a prompt. The user can then enter some data and press the enter key. In the example above the data entered will be stored in a variable called Name. Remember you may need to convert the data entered, ie int() to convert the input to an integer and float() to convert it to a float / real number.ExamplesCreate the following program, copy it into the space provided and explain:Declare a constant for PI, and give it the value 3.141Create a variable for Diameter, and allow the user to input a valueCalculate Circumference, by multiplying Diameter by PICreate the final output:‘The Circumference of a circle with a diameter of {Diameter} is {Circumference}’CodeExplanationTask 5 – SelectionYou have already learnt the first programming concept / construct (Sequence). The next concept is Selection, this is the ability for your program to take different paths based on some condition.Research ‘Selection Programming Construct’.Complete the definition below:DefinitionExplain why it is important:Why is it important?What is the implication for the programmer?ImplicationsIn Python, you can use the following example of an if statement:age = int( input("Please enter your age:") )if age >= 18 : print("You are old enough to drink")You start with the command if, followed by the condition (in this case age is greater than or equal to 18). The condition should equate to True or False, if it is true it will run the code attached to this if statement. The colon, : is the end of the condition. From this point everything to run if true should be indented.The following operators are used in Python:You can also provide and else statement and code for any if statement, have a look at this example:age = int( input("Please enter your age:") )if age>=18 : print("You are old enough to drink")else : print("you are not old enough to drink")Notice that the code to run if true is indented, and the code to run if false is also indented. The if else statement can run as many lines of code as required, each line will need to be indented to the same level.You can also use elif in an if statement, it is short for else if. In the example below, if the first condition is true it will display the message "You are over the age of 21". if the first condition is false, it will move to the next condition and if this is false it will move to the else.age = int( input("Please enter your age") )if age >= 21: print("You are over the age of 21")elif age >= 18: print("You are over 18 but not yet 21")else: print("You are under 18")ExamplesCreate the following program, copy it into the space provided and explain:Create a variable for Mark, and allow the user to input a value (assume 0-100 only)Create a variable for Message, and give it an initial value of “ “Create an IF statement to check if Mark is less than 40, If true Message = “Fail”Create the ELSE, and add Message = “Pass”Create the final output:‘A Mark of {Mark} is a {Messgae} grade’CodeExplanationExtend your previous program, copy it into the space provided and explain:Copy your program from above, you currently have an IF .. ELSE .. statement that we will expand to include more grades.Between your IF and ELSE sections add an ELIF, check if the Mark is less than 60. If true make Message = Pass.Next add another ELIF to check if Mark is less than 80. If true make Message = MeritFinally edit your ELSE condition to make Message = Distinction.CodeExplanationTask 6 – Repetition / IterationYou have already learnt the first two programming concept / construct (Sequence & Selection). The next concept is Repetition, this is the ability for your program to repeat a block of code either a given number of times or until a condition is met. Research ‘Repetition Programming Construct’.Complete the definition below:DefinitionExplain why it is important:Why is it important?What is the implication for the programmer?ImplicationsThere are 3 types of repetition:FOR - which loops a given number of times, this example will start at 1, and finish with the value of 10:for i in range(1,11): print(i)WHILE - which checks the condition and will loop if true, once completed it will check again. copy an example into the space below:i=0while i<10: i=i+1 # could use i++ instead print("i is "+i)One of the key things to notice is that a for loop has a built in counter, where as you need to create one in your while loop.A for loop should be used if the code needs to run a given number of times. A while loop should be used if you don’t know how many times the loop needs to repeat. A while loop will check the condition first, so if the condition is False from the start it won’t run.DO WHILE (or Repeat) - will run all of the code once and then check the condition. Python doesn’t have a loop of this type, you will need to use a while and make it check the condition again before it restarts:loopcontrol = truewhile loopcontrol: print("Password System") password = input("Please enter the password") if password == "itsjustme": loopcontrol = falseExamplesCreate the following program, copy it into the space provided and explain:Create a variable for Number, and allow the user to input a value (assume 0-100 only)Create a FOR loop to run 10 times, the loop should:Create a variable Answer, set the value to Number * Loop CountOutput {Loop Count} x {Number} = {Answer}CodeExplanationCreate the following program, copy it into the space provided and explain:Create a variable for Number, and set the value to be -1Create a WHILE loop, set the condition to be while Number is not equal to -1.The loop should:Read the value from the keyboard, and store it using NumberCreate an IF statement, check if UserInput is greater than 0 AND less than 100Output the input is validCreate an ELSEChange Number back to -1CodeExplanationTASK 7 – Bits & BytesA bit is the fundamental unit of information. A bit represents a single 1 or a single 0. The term bit is derived from the term “Binary Digit”. Each bit can represent 1 or 0, on or off, true or false, open or closed. These options are very limited, so bits are grouped together into bytes. A byte is a pattern of 8 bits for example 10101011 or 01001100 or 01111010. A byte could be used to represent an individual character (see ASCII work later), a numerical value and so on.Beyond the ByteThe term Kilobyte originally referred to 1024 bytes, and this was derived from the fact that 210 equals 1024. However in 1996 it was decided that this system was too complicated and a system based around a kilobyte equalling 1000 bytes (103) should be used. Complete the tables below: NameSymbolPowerKiloKBMBGBTB1015101810211024NameSymbolPowerKibiKiBMiBGiBTiB250260270280Character CodesASCII is the most used character code, it stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. It takes 7 bits to store each character, which gives sufficient combinations (127) to store all the keyboard characters, some control and communication codes. The ASCII set was extended to 8 bits to also allow an extended character set for non-keyboard characters (256). The upper case letters form a sequence from 65 (‘A’) to 90 (‘Z’). The lower case letters form a sequence from 97 (‘a’) to 122 (‘z’). The digits have values 48 (‘0’) to 57 (‘9’).Examples:‘C’ has the ASCII code 67‘h’ has the ASCII code 104 1193802624455What do these ASCII codes represent?? (i) 13 (ii) 8 (iii) 1000What do these ASCII codes represent?? (i) 13 (ii) 8 (iii) 10center395605Find the ASCII code for these characters: (i) R(ii) r(iii) 9(iv) ? (v) B(vi) 5(vii) z(viii) .00Find the ASCII code for these characters: (i) R(ii) r(iii) 9(iv) ? (v) B(vi) 5(vii) z(viii) .‘5’ has the ASCII code 531276353720465003185160585470Extended ASCIIThese are the added ASCII values allowed by the change from 7 bit to 8 bit ASCII. The added characters contain characters to create an interface or menu.8 bit ASCII supports double the number of characters, which allows more language support but not anywhere near those supported by Unicode.400000Extended ASCIIThese are the added ASCII values allowed by the change from 7 bit to 8 bit ASCII. The added characters contain characters to create an interface or menu.8 bit ASCII supports double the number of characters, which allows more language support but not anywhere near those supported by Unicode.Unicode is different coding system and is becoming more common. It is a 16-bit code, giving enough combinations to store every character in every alphabet (e.g. Urdu, Chinese) plus a vast range of other characters, control and communication codes. The 16-bit code can represent 65536 different characters.It maintains compatibility with ASCII by using the same code values as ASCII (ie codes 0-255 are the same as the ASCII table). So if you take ‘z’ and its ASCII value 122 (0111 1010 in binary), the unicode value is still 122 the binary will be 0000 0000 0111 1010.Task 8 – Types of NumberA number is used to show the quantity of things. The use of numbers have developed out of the need to quantify posessions or belongings. For example a farmer would make a notch in a stick for each cow currently in given field. The concept of zero is a more recent development, there was little need for zero because if a farmer had no sheep to count then he didn’t count then. At some point we have identified a need to document the lack of something or the need to be able to identify when we have nothing.The representation of a number is called a numeral. Numerals are written symbols for numbers. You will have come across the roman numeral system for example, Or the Arabic numerals we all use.Explain the following types of number, and remember to include a list of the number set:9525255905Definition:Number Set:00Definition:Number Set:Natural Numbersleft248920Definition:Number Set:00Definition:Number Set:Rational Numbers-47625229870Definition:Number Set:00Definition:Number Set:Irrational Numbers-38100243205Definition:Number Set:00Definition:Number Set:Real Numbersleft269875Definition:Number Set:00Definition:Number Set:Ordinal NumbersTask 9 – Binary Number Systemleft20828000Explain the Binary Number System:To convert from binary to denary – place value method -13335022860000Simply add up the column values for those columns where a binary 1 appears:e.g. 1) 10101column value16 8 4 2 1 number 1 0 1 0 1164 1+21 1 0 1 0 1represents 16 + 4 + 1 = 21 in denary-12382527241500Another example:e.g. 2)1101101 column value 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 number 1 1 0 1 1 0 164 3284 1+109 1101101 represents 64 + 32 + 8 + 4 + 1 = 109 in denary -4762516751301111111 =001111111 =3076575168656010000000 =0010000000 =Convert these values:left011011 =0011011 =30956250100101 =00100101 =To convert from denary to binary – place value method-3810022098000Start at the left hand side, placing 1’s in the appropriate columns to make up the number e.g. 1) 123 = 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1So 123 in denary represents 1111011 in binary-3810031305500e.g. 2) 29 = 16 8 4 2 1 1 1 1 0 1So 123 in denary represents 11101 in binary-2857517780000e.g. 3) 63 = 32 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 111111 (or more easily by realising 64 - 1 = 63)left28511513=0013=-952578930548=0048=0127571531=0031=01770380127=00127=0226504576=0076=Convert the following:To convert from denary to binary – repeated division methodThe number to be converted is repeatedly divided by 2, writing down the remainders each time, until the result is 0. The final 1 and remainders are then read in the order shown to give the answer.47625762000e.g.Convert 123 to 8-bit binary1524000127002123rem2611230121502 712 31 11002123rem2611230121502 712 31 11 23647402794000 Read final 1 & then remainders upwardsThe answer is 1111011This method works when converting from denary to any other number base, simply replace the division by 2 by the base number required.Note: Binary numbers are often represented using a set number of bits such as 8-bit (byte) notation (or multiples of 8). Simply add leading 0’s if you are asked to do this.028575077=0077=3057525298450109 =00109 =Use the repeated division method to calculate the following in binary:Task 10 – Hexadecimal Number Systemleft20828000Explain the Hexadecimal Number System:left18478500To convert from hex to denary – place value methode.g. 2F4= 2x256 = 51215x16 = 2404x1 = 4 +756Remember the least significant place value is 1, and each place value multiplies the previous by 16left21653500To convert from denary to hex – place value method e.g. 1000=3x256 + 14x16 + 8=3E8To convert from denary to hex – repeated division method (divide by 16)left63500028289251524001612345rem16771916483163003001612345rem16771916483163003 e.g.Convert 12345 to hex451485017526000 The answer is 3039Convert the following to hexadecimal:left692153505=003505=311467568580707=00707=left692154600=004600=311467568580177=00177=3257550-635808=00808=left08008=008008=Convert the following to denary:31337251104900FF=00FF=0110426512A=0012A=left7620ABC=00ABC=313372582551DAD=001DAD=Conversion between binary and hex4 binary digits can be represented by 1 hex digitTo change a binary number directly to hex, split the binary number into groups of 4 bits, from the right, and write down the hex equivalent of each group.-123825213360003943358445500e.g. 01011111699135-81280005F-15240050419000111101=0000111101= 01011111 = 5F-12382562357010110001=0010110001=Note – if the number of bits is not a multiple of 4 then you can add 0’s to the left hand end if necessary.Conversion between hex and binary -9525023749000This method works equally well for hex to binary3225801181100065595511239500e.g. B 410110100B4= 10110100-161925951865CA=00CA=-1905003136904D=004D=Task 11 – AssessmentProgrammingState the THREE programming constructs used by all programming languages:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Explain your first construct:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Explain your second construct:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Explain your Third construct:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bits & BytesCharacter Coding SystemsTypes of NumberBinary Number SystemHexadecimal Number Systemleft325882000left266319000 ................
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