AP Chemistry 2022 Free-Response Questions - College Board
2022
AP? Chemistry
Free-Response Questions
? 2022 College Board. College Board, Advanced Placement, AP, AP Central, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of College Board. Visit College Board on the web: . AP Central is the official online home for the AP Program: apcentral..
2
AP? CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS AND CONSTANTS
Throughout the exam the following symbols have the definitions specified unless otherwise noted.
L, mL = liter(s), milliliter(s)
g
= gram(s)
nm = nanometer(s)
atm = atmosphere(s)
mm Hg =
J, kJ =
V
=
mol =
millimeters of mercury joule(s), kilojoule(s) volt(s) mole(s)
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
E = h c =
E = energy = frequency = wavelength
Planck's constant, h = 6.626 1034 J s Speed of light, c = 2.998 108 m s1
Avogadro's number = 6.022 1023 mol1 Electron charge, e = 1.602 ? 1019 coulomb
EQUILIBRIUM
K c
=
[C]c [ D]d [ A]a [ B]b
, where a A + b B
c C + d D
K p
=
(PC )c (PD )d (PA )a (PB )b
K a
=
[H+ ][A- ] [HA]
Kb
=
[OH- ][HB+ ] [B]
Kw = [H+][OH] = 1.0 1014 at 25C = Ka Kb
pH = log[H+] , pOH = log [OH]
14 = pH + pOH
pH
=
pKa
+
log
[A- ] [HA]
pKa = logKa, pKb = logKb
KINETICS
[A]t [A] 0 = kt
ln[A] t ln[A]0 = kt
1
[A]t
-
1
[A]0
= kt
t?
=
0.693 k
Equilibrium Constants Kc (molar concentrations) Kp (gas pressures) Ka (weak acid) Kb (weak base) Kw (water)
k = rate constant t = time t? = half-life
3
GASES, LIQUIDS, AND SOLUTIONS
PV = nRT
PA
=
Ptotal XA, where XA =
moles A total moles
Ptotal = PA + PB + PC + . . . n= m M
K = C + 273
D
=
m V
KEmolecule =
1 2
mv 2
Molarity, M = moles of solute per liter of solution
A = bc
P = pressure V = volume T = temperature n = number of moles m = mass M = molar mass D = density KE = kinetic energy v = velocity A = absorbance = molar absorptivity b = path length c = concentration
Gas constant, R = 8.314 J mol1K1 = 0.08206 L atm mol1 K1 = 62.36 L torr mol1 K1
1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 760 torr
STP = 273.15 K and 1.0 atm Ideal gas at STP = 22.4 L mol-1
THERMODYNAMICS / ELECTROCHEMISTRY
q = mcT
? ? S = S products - S reactants ? ? H = DHf products - DHf reactants ? ? G = DGf products - DGf reactants
G = H TS
= RT ln K
= nF E
I
=
q t
Ecell
=
Ecoell
-
RT nF
ln Q
q = heat m = mass c = specific heat capacity T = temperature S = standard entropy H = standard enthalpy G = standard Gibbs free energy n = number of moles E = standard reduction potential I = current (amperes) q = charge (coulombs) t = time (seconds) Q = reaction quotient
Faraday's constant, F = 96,485 coulombs per mole
of electrons
1
volt
=
1
1 joule coulomb
4
AP? Chemistry 2022 Free-Response Questions Begin your response to QUESTION 1 on this page.
CHEMISTRY SECTION II Time--1 hour and 45 minutes 7 Questions YOU MAY USE YOUR CALCULATOR FOR THIS SECTION. Directions: Questions 1?3 are long free-response questions that require about 23 minutes each to answer and are worth 10 points each. Questions 4?7 are short free-response questions that require about 9 minutes each to answer and are worth 4 points each. For each question, show your work for each part in the space provided after that part. Examples and equations may be included in your responses where appropriate. For calculations, clearly show the method used and the steps involved in arriving at your answers. You must show your work to receive credit for your answer. Pay attention to significant figures.
1. A student reacts 0.300 g of methyl salicylate (C8H8O3) with a stoichiometric amount of a strong base. This product is then acidified to produce salicylic acid crystals (HC7H5O3). (a) For every 1 mole of C8H8O3 (molar mass 152.15 g/mol) reactant used, 1 mole of salicylic acid crystals (HC7H5O3, molar mass 138.12 g/mol) is produced. Calculate the maximum mass, in grams, of HC7H5O3 that could be produced in this reaction.
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.
? 2022 College Board. Visit College Board on the web: .
5
................
................
In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.
To fulfill the demand for quickly locating and searching documents.
It is intelligent file search solution for home and business.
Related download
- 128 civics questions and answers 2020 version uscis
- 2022 grade 6 mathematics released questions
- strategic business reporting sbr march june 2022 examiner s report
- audit and assurance aa march june 2022 examiner s report
- ap microeconomics 2022 free response questions set 1 college board
- ap computer science a college board
- cambridge international as a level
- ap chemistry 2022 free response questions college board
- uil accounting practice packet
- january 2022 cms quarterly oasis q as
Related searches
- ap physics 1 free response questions
- ap bio free response questions
- ap biology free response 2016
- 2019 ap physics 1 free response answers
- ap physics free response 2017
- ap chemistry free response 2019
- college board ap chemistry 2020
- ap chemistry college board videos
- ap chemistry questions pdf
- ap chemistry questions and answers
- ap chemistry stoichiometry free response
- ap stoichiometry free response questions