Hypoglycemia (Low BG) and Hyperglycemia (High BG)



Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia

| |Hypoglycemia (Low ) |Hyperglycemia (High) |

| |(Generally less than 70 mg/dl( |(Generally above 200 mg/dl) |

|Time frame |Can happen quickly |Occurs more slowly |

| |Hunger / Nausea |Blurred vision |

|Early Symptoms |Trembling / Shaking |Excessive thirst |

| |Sweating |Increased urination |

| |Fast heart rate / Pounding heart |Intense hunger |

| |Tingling in hands /feet |Weight loss |

| |Numbness around lips |Dry skin / dry mouth |

| |Lightheaded, Headache |Tiredness / weakness |

| |Irritable |Wounds that are slow to heal |

| |Difficulty concentrating |Irritable |

| |Mood changes | |

| |Blurred vision |Nausea, vomiting |

|Late Symptoms |Slurred speech |Abdominal pain |

| |Lack of coordination |Heavy labored breathing/ |

| |Dizziness |Shortness of breath |

| |Sleepiness |Ketones in urine |

| |Confusion |Fruity breath |

| |Unconsciousness |Confusion |

|Treatment |15-20 grams of quick acting carbs: | |

| |(should raise BG* about 30-45 points) |Call Physician if BGs |

|Rule of 15: | |above 250-300 mg/dl |

|1) If BG* is low or you have |3-4 Glucose tablets |for two consecutive readings |

|symptoms, treat with 15 gms of carb|8-10 Lifesavers candies |or unsure why they are elevated |

|2) Wait 15 mins 3) Repeat BG |2 tablespoons Raisins | |

|check. 4) If BG less than |1/2 cup (4 oz) Fruit juice |Always take medications - don't skip |

|70 mg/dl or symptoms continue, |1 cup Non fat / Low fat Milk |Check blood glucose and |

|treat again |1/2 cup (4 oz) Regular Soda |urine for ketones as indicated. |

| |Have a snack if next meal is more than one hour away |Drink more water / fluids |

| |Glucagon if indicated |Keep log of symptoms |

|Causes |Too much medication |Too little medication |

| |(Insulin or pills) |(Insulin or pills) |

| |Missed a meal or snack |Too much food |

| |Incorrect carbohydrate counting |Incorrect carbohydrate counting |

| |Unusual / unplanned exercise |Illness / Infection, Stress |

| | |Too little exercise |

| | |Certain medications (e.g. steroids) |

* BG = Blood Glucose Carb = Carbohydrate

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