Percentage of U. S. Population, Age 25 to 64, with High ...

Percent

Percentage of U. S. Population, Age 25 to 64, with High School Diploma and

Bachelors Degree, by Survey Year and Sex, 1962 - Present.

100%

90%

80%

70%

60% 53%

50% 50%

40%

HSGrad - Men HSGrad - Women BA+ - Men BA+ - Women

30%

20%

13%

10% 7%

0% 1955

1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985 1990

Year

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

2025

Analyses conducted in-house by RSF Staff. 1962-2011 Current Population Survey data obtained from housed at the University of Minnesota Population Center (see King, et al. 2010).

Percent

Percentage of U. S. Population, Age 25 to 64, with High School Diploma and Bachelor's Degree, by Birth Cohort and Sex, 1900 to Present.

100%

HSGrad - Men

90%

HSGrad - Women

80%

BA+ - Men

BA+ - Women

70%

60%

50%

40% 33%

30% 28%

20%

10% 8%

6%

0%

1890

1900

1910

1920

1930

1940

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

Birth Year

Analysis conducted in-house by RSF Staff. 1962-2011 Current Population Survey obtained from housed at the University of Minnesota Population Center (see King, et al., 2010).

Percentage of US Population, Age 25+, with Bachelor's Degree or Higher, by Race/Ethnic Origin, 1940 - 2011.

60

White

50

NH-White Black Asian

40

Hispanic (Any Race)

30

Percent

20

10

0 1940

1945

1950

1955

1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

Year

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

Data Source: A-2. Percent of People 25 Years and Over Who Have Completed College, by Race, Hispanic Origin and Sex: Selected Years 1940 to 2011.

Real Income (in 2011 $)

$110,000 $100,000

$90,000 $80,000 $70,000

Mean Real Income (in 2011 $) by Educational Attainment, Age 25-64, 1970 2011 .

$71,966

< High School/ No Degree High School Some College/ Associate BA/BS Degree Post-BA/BS Total

$60,000 $53,027

$50,000

$40,000 $39,207

$30,000 $20,000

$23,568

$10,000

$0 1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

Year

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

2025

Analysis conducted in-house by RSF Staff. Current Population Survey data are drawn from housed at the Minnesota Population Center (King, et al. 2010).

Percent

Percentage of Students Entering and Completing College, and College Persistence, by Income Quartile

(Persistence is the percentage of those who complete divided by those who entered)

90%

80%

Enter College

Complete College

70%

College Persistence

80.0% 67.5%

60.0% 60%

53.3%

54.0%

50%

47.0%

44.7%

40%

30%

29.0%

20%

31.0%

21.0%

32.0%

10%

9.0%

0% Bottom Quartile

2nd Quartile

Income Quartile

3rd Quartile

Top Quartile

Data Source: Bailey, M., and S. Dynarski. 2012. Inequality in Postsecondary Education. In G. Duncan and R. Murnane (eds.), Whither Opportunity? Rising Inequality, Schools, and Children's Life Chances. Russell Sage Foundation. (Figures 6.2, 6.3, 6.4).

Percentage Leaving School w/out HS Diploma or GED

Drop-Out Rates of 15 to 24-Year Olds Who Dropped Out of Grades

10-12, by SES and Race/Ethnicity, 1972-2009.

18

Low SES 16

High SES

14

NH-White

NH-Black 12

Hispanic

10

8

6

4

2

0 1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

Year

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

Chapman, C., Laird, J., Ifill, N., and KewalRamani, A. (2011). Trends in High School Dropout and Completion Rates in the United States: 1972?2009 (NCES 2012-006). U.S. Department of Education. Washington, DC: NCES. ().

Estimated Gaps in Reading Achievement Between High-Low Income (90/10 Ratio) and Black-White Students, by Birth Year, 1940-Present.

1.4

Income Gap

1.21

1.2

Race Gap

1.23

1.0

Average Difference in Standardized Test Scores

0.8

0.69

0.6

0.64

0.4

0.2

0.0 1940

1945

1950

1955

1960

1965

1970 1975

Year

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Reardon, Sean F. 2011. The Widening Academic Achievement Gap Between the Rich and the Poor. In G. Duncan and R. Murnane (eds.) Whither Opportunity? NY, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.

Math Gap

Math Gaps, in Standard Deviation Units, by Grade Level by Socio-Demographic Characteristics: SES, Race/Ethnicity and Sex.

0.50

0.25 0.00 -0.25

0.18 0.11 0.13

-0.03

-0.50

-0.75

-1.00

-1.25 -1.50

-1.24

-1.34 -1.38

-1.31

-0.62

-0.72 -0.79

-0.85

-0.50 -0.54 -0.54 -0.77

Kindergarten 5th Grade 8th Grade 12th Grade

-1.75

Bottom and Top SES Quintiles

Blacks and Whites

Hispanics and Whites

Socio-Demographic Characteristics

Boys and Girls

Drawn from Figures 3.2 and 4.2 in Duncan and Murnane (eds.), Whither Opportunity? Rising Inequality, Schools, and Children's Life Chances. NY, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.

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