BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & …



BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, POST GRADUATE RESEARCH CENTRE,

BELGAUM- 560016.

KARNATAKA

Recognized by

CENTRAL COUNCIL OF HOMOEOPATHY, NEW DELHI

Affiliated to

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, BANGALORE

SYNOPSIS

M.D. (HOMOEOPATHY)

“THE UTILITY OF SABADILLA IN THE

MANAGEMENT OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS”

BY

DR.VARALAKSHMI.R

UNDER THE GUIDANCE

DR.S.M. ANGADI MD (HOM)

Professor, Guide and HOD,

Department of Materia Medica,

BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, BELGAUM

From,

DR.VARALAKSHMI.R

To,

DR.S.M. ANGADI

M.D (HOM)

H.O.D, P.G. Guide

Department of Materia Medica

Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital,

Belgaum.

Sub: Application to accept my synopsis for the dissertation.

Respected Sir,

I, Dr. VARALAKSHMI.R, would like to forward my application for the approval Of my synopsis under your guidance for the following topic, “THE UTILITY OF SABADILLA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS”

Hope you will approve the same.

Thanking you.

Date: 21-10-2010

Place: Belgaum

Yours sincerely

Dr. VARALAKSHMI.R

Department of Materia Medica,

Bharatesh Homeopathic Medical College &

Hospital, Belgaum.

From,

Dr. S.M ANGADI

M.D (HOM)

Professor, Guide and HOD,

Department of Materia Medica,

Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital,

Belgaum.

To,

Dr. VARALAKSHMI.R

Sub: Acceptance of synopsis for the dissertation.

Dear Doctor,

I have accepted your topic, “THE UTILITY OF SABADILLA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS” for the dissertation. Your synopsis will be forwarded to Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore.

Date: 21-10-2010

Place: Belgaum

Dr. S.M. ANGADI

M.D. (HOM)

Professor, Guide and HOD,

Department of Materia Medica,

Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical

College & Hospital

Belgaum.

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,

KARNATAKA, BANGALORE.

ANNEXURE II

APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR

DISSERTATION

|1. |NAME OF THE CANDIDATE |DR.VARALAKSHMI |

| |&THE ADDRESS |POST GRADUATE STUDENT, |

| | |BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, |

| | |BELGAUM |

| | | |

| | |PERMANENT ADDRESS |

| | |DR.VARALAKSHMI, |

| | |NO.6, PAPAIAH GARDEN, 1ST A MAIN ROAD, K.H.B.COLONY, 2ND STAGE, |

| | |BASAVESHWARANAGAR, |

| | |BANGALORE-79 |

|2. |NAME OF THE INSTITUTION |BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC |

| | |MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, |

| | |BELGAUM |

|3. |COURSE OF STUDY & |DOCTOR OF MEDICINE |

| |SUBJECT |(HOMOEOPATHY) M.D. (HOM) |

|4. |DATE OF ADMISSION TO THE COURSE |6- 07- 2010 |

|5. |TITLE OF THE TOPIC |“THE UTILITY OF SABADILLA |

| | |IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS ” |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

|6. |BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK |

| | |

| |6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY |

| |Allergic Rhinitis is a common disorder, which is usually characterized by spasmodic attacks of severe sneezing and rhinorrrhoea. It is a |

| |reaction to certain allergens. |

| |The name describes the condition; rhinitis is the inflammation of the nasal mucosa, allergic indicates that the inflammation is caused due |

| |to an allergen. It usually affects young adults from the age of 15 years onwards, and tends to recede after the age of 40 to 50 yrs. It may|

| |affect young children. |

| |In Western countries between 10—25% of people annually are affected by allergic rhinitis. Allergic rhinitis may run in families, if both |

| |the parents are allergic there is a high incidence of the disease occurring in children. Change in humidity and the atmospheric pollution |

| |may make the nose more susceptible to allergy. |

| |Nasal allergy or Allergic rhinitis is a consequence of a misdirected defence response from the body. This occurs when the body’ own defence|

| |cells called as antibodies start attacking substances like pollen, wheat thrashing dust etc. |

| |This interaction between the defence cells (antibodies) and substances like pollens wheat thrashing dust (antigens), results in the |

| |production of a substance called as histamine which is responsible for all the local symptoms produced during allergies. |

| |The present treatment for allergic rhinitis is nasal sprays/pills to reduce the mucosal inflammation and running nose, decongestants |

| |pills/sprays to reduce the nasal congestion, antihistamines pills/ sprays to block the histamine release. |

| |Homoeopathy has a significant role in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. The properly taken detailed case history, concept of |

| |susceptibility, individualization and constitutional approach helps us in treating allergic rhinitis. |

| |Homeopathic medicines work by optimizing the overactive immune system. Homeopathic medicines provide a stimulus to the body like that of |

| |the trigger or allergen leading to the gradual desensitization of the immune system. Homeopathic treatment is based on the principle of |

| |“like cures like”. |

| |Thus, a lot many plants whose pollens are the known culprits for this kind of allergy are being used in homeopathy to treat allergic |

| |rhinitis. One such remedy is Sabadilla which helps in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. |

| | |

| |6.2 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE |

| |Allergic rhinitis, pollenosis or hay fever is an allergic inflammation of the nasal airways. It occurs when an allergen such as pollen or |

| |dust is inhaled by an individual with a sensitized immune system, and triggers antibody production. Allergy is nothing but an |

| |over-sensitization of our defence system. This means that our immune system (defence system) starts reacting to a substance which is |

| |otherwise harmless to our body. In other words, it is a misdirected immune attack. Pollens are usually the main culprits.1 |

| |Pathogenesis: These antibodies mostly bind to mast cells, which contain histamine. When the mast cells are stimulated by pollen and dust, |

| |histamine (and other chemicals) is released. This causes itching, swelling, and mucus production. Symptoms vary in severity between |

| |individuals. Very sensitive individuals can experience hives or other rashes. Particulate matter in polluted air and chemicals such as |

| |chlorine and detergents, which can normally be tolerated, can greatly aggravate the condition.1 |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| |Cause |

| |Allergies are common. |

| |Heredity and environmental exposures may contribute to a predisposition to allergies. |

| |Irritants like fumes and smoke. |

| |Inhalants like dust, pollens, animal odor, feathers, house dust, mites, and moulds. |

| |Ingestants like eggs, fish, milk, citrus fruits and cocoa. |

| |Contactants like cosmetics and powders2 |

| |[pic]Classification |

| |The two categories of allergic rhinitis include: |

| |Seasonal—occurs particularly during pollen seasons. Seasonal allergic rhinitis does not usually develop until after 6 years of age. |

| |Perennial—occurs throughout the year. This type of allergic rhinitis is commonly seen in younger children.2 |

| |Symptoms |

| |Irritation in the nose is the initial symptom. |

| |Paroxysmal Sneezing of recurrent type is usually present. |

| |Rhinorrrhoea is watery and copious. |

| |Nasal obstruction due to venous stasis is often present. |

| |Anosmia may be present intermittently or continuously. |

| |Headache can be present.2 |

| |Signs |

| |Mucosa appears pale with excessive muciod or watery secretion in acute stage. |

| |Mucosa appears bluish to purplish due to venous stasis in chronic stage. |

| |Polyps may be present.2 |

| |Diagnosis |

| |Allergy testing may reveal the specific allergens an individual is sensitive to. |

| |Skin testing is the most common method of allergy testing. This may include intradermal, scratch, patch, or other tests. |

| |In some individuals who cannot undergo skin testing (as determined by the doctor), the RAST blood test may be helpful in determining |

| |specific allergen sensitivity.1 |

| |General Management |

| |The goal of rhinitis treatment is to reduce the symptoms caused by the inflammation of affected tissues. |

| |In cases of allergic rhinitis, the most effective way to decrease allergic symptoms is to completely avoid the allergen. |

| |Eliminating exposure to allergens is the most effective preventive measure, but requires consistent effort. |

| |Many people with pollen allergies reduce their exposure by remaining indoors during hay fever season, particularly in the morning and |

| |evening, when outdoor pollen levels are at their highest. |

| |Closing all the windows and doors prevents wind-borne pollen from entering the home or office. |

| |When traveling in a vehicle, closing all the windows reduces exposure.1 |

| |Homoeopathic management |

| |William Boericke says that Sabadilla acts on the mucous membrane of the nose and the lachrymal glands, producing coryza and symptoms like |

| |hay fever. |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| |Spasmodic sneezing, with running nose. Coryza with severe frontal pains and redness of the eyes and lachrymation. Copious watery discharge.|

| |This is worse |

| |from cold drinks, cold and full moon. Chilliness with sensitiveness to cold.3 |

| |E. A. Farrington says that Sabadilla is useful in influenza and that troublesome affection, hay fever. There are violent sneezing and |

| |lachrymation on going into the open air and is relieved by warm drinks.4 |

| |J.T Kent states that there is constant sneezing, sensation of great rawness in the nose, burning stuffing up of the nose. Discharges are |

| |first thin then thick in consistency. Coryza is better in hot air. Hay fever – spasmodic sneezing, fluent coryza, nostrils stuffed up, |

| |snoring, itching in the nose, copious watery discharge from the nose. Profuse bleeding from the nose, bright red blood comes from the |

| |posterior nares and is expectorated, very sensitive to garlic.5 |

| |J. H Clarke says that Sabadilla causes itching, tingling in nose and contractive smarting in the nose. Epistaxis, great sensibility of |

| |smell of garlic. Sensitive dryness of the upper part of the nose. Violent spasmodic sneezing (shaking the abdomen) and lachrymation. |

| |Obstruction of nostrils, alternatively- fluent coryza with altered features and bewildered head (influenza, hay fever). Great masses of |

| |white and transparent mucus are blown from the nose without coryza. Bright red blood comes from posterior nares and is expectorated.6 |

| |C.M. Boger says that a large part of its irritative action expends itself upon the upper respiratory tract, inducing sore throat, which |

| |usually begins on the left side and often extends to the right, accompanied by a severe constriction, constant necessity to swallow, |

| |profuse salivation and lachrymation, it is worse from empty swallowing and better from hot drinks and after sleep. In hay fever it is |

| |indicated by the predominance of sneezing, with itching tingling within the nose, complete obstruction and a watery discharge, all worse in|

| |the open air.7 |

| |Catarrhal condition of the nose, with constant sneezing; sensation of great rawness in the nose; burning; stuffing up of the nose. |

| |Discharge at first of thin m and later thick mucus. It has all the appearance of a coryza. The coryza is ameliorated from inhaling hot air.|

| |He sits before an open grate or register, with the head close to it, inhaling the hot air. Especially useful when the catarrhal state of |

| |the nose is prolonged; a prolonged coryza, which does not yield to ordinary remedies; a lingering coryza, and the discharge is exaggerated |

| |by the odor of flowers. Even thinking of the odor of flowers makes him sneeze and increases the flow from the nose. So thinking of various |

| |things aggravates his complaints. Now Sabadilla is of this sort oversensitive to surroundings, to odors; these increase the catarrhal |

| |state of the throat and posterior nares.8 |

| |Dr. Phatak says that Sabadilla produces persistent violent or abortive sneezing. Itching, tickling, in the nose rubs or picks at it. One or|

| |the other nostril stuffed up.9 |

| | |

| |6.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY |

| |To study the clinical presentation of Allergic Rhinitis. |

| |To study the role and efficacy of Sabadilla in the treatment of Allergic Rhinitis. |

|7. |MATERIAL AND METHODS: |

| | |

| |7.1 SOURCES OF THE DATA: |

| |The cases for the study will be selected from the OPD, IPD, peripheral clinics and regular camp visits Bharatesh Homoeopathic Medical |

| |College & Hospital, Belgaum. |

| | |

| |7.2 METHOD OF COLLECTION OF DATA (INCLUDING |

| |SAMPLING PROCEDURE IF ANY) |

| |Patients will be considered on inclusion and exclusion criteria. |

| |Patients are considered on the basis of the clinical presentation. |

| |Minimum sample size will be 30. Simple random sampling procedure will be adopted. |

| |All cases will be taken as per the Performa prepared for the study. |

| |All patients registered between the periods of October 2010 to June 2012 will be selected. All cases shall be followed up for period of 2|

| |-6 months. |

| |Prognosis: Assessment will be based on the general and local improvement of the patient as per the principles of homoeopathy. |

| |INCLUSION CRITERIA: |

| |Age group : 18 – 65 yrs |

| |Both sexes will be considered. |

| |Patients presenting complaints of Allergic Rhinitis will be taken up on the basis of their clinical history and clinical findings, |

| |irrespective of their occupation and socio economic status. |

| |EXCLUSION CRITERIA: |

| |The immune compromised individuals. |

| |Allergic Rhinitis associated with sinusitis, nasal polyps with extended chest infections (Pneumonia, Allergic Bronchial Asthma, |

| |COPD, Bronchiectasis, T.B, Chronic Bronchitis) |

| |Any gross pathological changes, irreversible pathological changes with complications. |

| |RESULT |

| |Recovered |

| |Improved |

| |Not improved |

| | |

| |7.3 DOES THE STUDY REQUIRE ANY INVESTIGATION OR INTERVENTIONS TO BE CONDUCTED ON THE PATIENT OR OTHER HUMAN OR ANIMALS? IF SO DESCRIBE |

| |BRIEFLY. |

| | |

| |The diagnosis of the cases will be done on eliciting the detailed case history and clinical finding, Skin allergy test to detect the |

| |specific antigen, CBC and absolute eosinophils count, if needed will be done as per the requirement of the case. |

| | |

| |7.4 HAS ETHICAL CLEARANCE BEEN OBTAINED FROM YOUR INSTITUTION |

| |IN CASE OF 7.3? |

| |Yes, Ethical clearance has been obtained from the institution. |

|8. |LIST OF REFERENCES |

| | |

| |“ rhinitis. |

| |A short textbook of E.N.T diseases by k.b.bhargav& k.b.bhargav& t.m. shah, 7th edition, 2005, usha publications, pg .no. 164, 165. |

| |Pocket Manual of Homoeopathic Materia Medica by William Boericke, M.D, student edition, 2006, New Delhi: B Jain Publishers Pvt Ltd, pg no. |

| |561. |

| |Farrington’s Lectures on Clinical Materia Medica, by E.A. Farrington, M.D, fourth edition, 2005, New Delhi: B Jain Publishers Pvt Ltd, pg. |

| |no. 258. |

| |Lectures on Homoeopathic Materia Medica, by James Tyler Kent, New Delhi, IBPP Publishers, Indian edition, pg.no. 839. |

| |A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica, by John Henry Clarke, M.D, Vol – 3, 2005, New Delhi B Jain Publishers Pvt Ltd, pg.no. 1039. |

| |Synoptic key of Materia Medica by C. M. Boger, reprint edition 1994, pg no. 293. |

| |“. |

| |Materia Medica of Homoeopathic Medicines by Dr. S.R. Phatak , 2nd edition, B Jain publications, pg no. 611,612 |

|9. |SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE | |

|10. |REMARKS OF THE GUIDE | |

|11. |NAME AND DESIGNATION OF THE |DR. S.M ANGADI |

| |11.1 GUIDE |M.D |

| | |H.O.D, GUIDE |

| | |DEPARTMENT OF MATERIA |

| | |MEDICA, |

| | |BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC |

| | |MEDICAL COLLEGE, |

| | |BELGAUM – 16 |

| |11.2 SIGNATURE | |

| |11.3 CO – GUIDE ( IF ANY ) | |

| |11 .4 SIGNATURE | |

| |11.5 HEAD OF THE |DR. S.M ANGADI |

| |DEPARTMENT |M.D |

| | |PROFESSOR, H.O.D, |

| | |DEPARTMENT OF MATERIA MEDICA, |

| | |BHARATESH HOMOEOPATHIC |

| | |MEDICAL COLLEGE , |

| | |BELGAUM – 16 |

| |11.6 SIGNATURE | |

|12. |12.1 REMARK OF THE | |

| |CHAIRMAN & | |

| |PRINCIPAL | |

| |12.2 SIGNATURE | |

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