Civil War and Reconstruction Review Sheet (CH 6-7)



US History Fall Final Review Sheet

Where did most Native Americans live after 1850?

What did the Great Plains look like in the 1800s?

What was the purpose of the Homestead Act?

Why was the discovery of gold in California significant?

What led to the start of boomtowns, and what caused their decline?

What was the transcontinental railroad? Who primarily built it?

What did American cowboys do? From where did American cowboys learn their trade?

What is dry farming? Who developed it?

Why was sod used as a building material in the Great Plains?

What new invention finally brought an end to the open range?

Why were Native Americans opposed to living on reservations?

What events brought the way of life of the Plains Indians to an end? (include definition for assimilation)

Where were new immigrants to America primarily coming from during the Gilded Age?

Where were immigrants coming to the US first “funneled” through?

What three “tests” did immigrants have to pass?

Many new immigrants lived in tenements. Why did they choose to live in tenements? What was bad about tenements?

Why did immigrants settle in ethnic or immigrant neighborhoods?

What is nativism? What were goals of the Nativists?

Why were nativists opposed to immigration?

What did the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 say?

What is “laissez-faire” economics? Why did the government use laissez-faire policies with regards to business?

What were working conditions like for most workers in the Gilded Age?

What were living conditions like in most major cities?

Why did workers want to form unions?

What is vertical integration?

How did the invention of the telegraph and telephone affect communication in America in the late 1800s?

What was the Bessemer Process? How did it change the growth of cities?

Why were monopolies seen as dangerous to the American economy? What law was passed to regulate monopolies?

How did political machines operate? (how did they get support?)

What was the Social Gospel Movement?

What was the major goal of most Progressives?

Why did muckrakers publish articles and novels exposing problems in America?

Upton Sinclair was a famous muckraker. What did he expose to the American public?

What changes did Sinclair’s book help bring about?

Ida Tarbell was a famous muckraker. What did she expose to the American public?

What did Progressive presidents do to take on big business and monopolies?

As governor of Wisconsin, Robert La Follette supported election reforms. What did the following reforms accomplish:

• Initiative:

• Referendum:

• Recall:

• Direct Primary:

Amendment time! What did the following Constitutional amendments accomplish?

• 16th Amendment:

• 17th Amendment:

• 18th Amendment:

• 19th Amendment:

Which women worked hard to help get the 19th amendment passed?

What argument was used to gain support for a graduate income tax?

What effect did the direct election of Senators, women’s suffrage, and direct primary elections have on people and the government?

Why did many Americans feel justified in adopting the policy of imperialism? (3 reasons)

What was the main reason for annexing Hawaii?

What did Captain Alfred T. Mahan argue the US needed?

What was “yellow journalism”? How was it used in 1898?

When did the Spanish-American War begin?

What event(s) prompted the beginning of the Spanish-American War?

What were the results of the Spanish-American War?

What did the Platt Amendment say?

What were President Theodore Roosevelt’s imperial policies?

How did Theodore Roosevelt influence US policy regarding imperialism?

What was the Great White Fleet?

What was the purpose of the Open Door Policy?

What was “Big Stick” Diplomacy?

Why did America want to build a canal in Panama in the early 1900s?

What difficulties did US workers encounter when building the Panama Canal?

What event began the Great War (World War I)?

What new technologies were first used in the Great War (WWI)?

What was the immediate cause of US entry into the Great War (WWI)?

How did the US build up it’s military to fight in the war?

What was the Great Migration?

What did the Sedition Act of 1918 make illegal?

Who led the American Expeditionary Force (the US Army) in Europe during WWI?

What were President Wilson’s Fourteen Points? What did Wilson do when he encountered opposition to his Fourteen Points?

What did the Treaty of Versailles say?

Why was Senator Henry Cabot Lodge against US membership in the League of Nations?

What were the Republican economic policies of the 1920s? How did these policies affect the 20s economy?

What was the Teapot Dome scandal?

How did the assembly line/mass production affect the American economy?

Why was John Scopes put on trial? Who were the lawyers that prosecuted and defended Scopes?

What was the Harlem Renaissance? What artists were associated with the Harlem Renaissance?

The 20s is famous for its pop culture celebrities. Why were Charles Lindbergh, Babe Ruth, and Jack Dempsey famous?

What were the major causes of the Great Depression?

What event triggered the start of the Great Depression?

When did the Great Depression start?

Which institutions failed, causing the Depression to worsen and spread to almost all Americans?

What were Hoovervilles?

What was the “Dust Bowl?” What parts of America were affected by the Dust Bowl?

What was the major difference in the tactics used by President Hoover and President Roosevelt in dealing with the Great Depression?

Who was elected President in 1932 and started the New Deal?

How did President Roosevelt help calm the public during the Depression?

What was the “goal” of the New Deal?

What problem were both the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) developed to address?

What did the Social Security Administration do?

What was Roosevelt’s goal in creating the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)?

During the New Deal, how did the federal government try to improve conditions for farmers?

What was the main goal behind the deportation of Mexican and Mexican-Americans during the Great Depression?

What did most conservatives who opposed President Roosevelt’s policies believe the New Deal would lead to?

How did President Roosevelt respond to the Supreme Court’s rulings which ended several New Deal programs?

What was a long-term effect of the New Deal on the way people viewed the power of federal government?

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