Study Guide- Chapter 16
Bentley Chapter 33 Study Guide: The Great War: The World in Upheaval
Eyewitness: A Bloodied Archduke and a Bloody War (763)
1. What were three causes that transformed Europe into war?
2. Explain how the Great War was a total war.
3. Explain the impact that the Great War had on national economies.
4. Explain the impact the Great War politically, including the nine new nations that were created.
The Drift Toward War (764)
5. What was the catalyst for war and what were the actual causes for the war of 1914-1918?
Nationalist Aspirations (765)
6. What is self-determination?
7. At the end of nineteenth century, where had the issue of nationalism remained unresolved?
8. Describe the problems that the multinational empires were facing.
a. Ottoman Empire
b. Austria-Hungary
c. Russia
National Rivalries (765)
9. Explain the rivalry between Germany and Great Britain.
National Rivalries: The Naval Race (765)
10. What were the reasons military and political leaders believed to be the importance of having strong navies?
11. What did the British do in response to the German program to strengthen their navy?
National Rivalries: Colonial Disputes (765-766)
12. How did colonization contribute lead to tensions between the imperial powers France, Great Britain, and Germany?
13. What role did the Balkans play in increasing tensions before the war?
Understandings and Alliances (767)
14. How did the alliance system help lead Europeans into war?
Understandings and Alliances: The Central Powers (767)
15. What nations made up the Triple Alliance?
Understandings and Alliances: The Allies (767)
16. What nations made up the Triple Entente (Allies)?
Understandings and Alliances: War Plans (767)
17. Describe the Schlieffen Plan.
Global War (767-768)
18. How did Europeans feel about going to war when it broke out in 1914?
19. Give examples of how World War I became a total war.
The Guns of August: Declaration of War (768)
20. What does mobilization mean? Summarize how mobilization led to World War I.
Mutual Butchery: The Western Front (769-770)
21. Describe the Western Front during the war.
Mutual Butchery: Stalemate and New Weapons (770-771)
22. Describe the impact machine guns had in the war.
23. What impact did trench warfare have in the war?
24. What new weapons and technology were produced by industrial societies?
Mutual Butchery: No-Man’s Land (771)
25. What was no-mans land?
Mutual Butchery: The Eastern Front (772)
26. How did World War I impact Russia?
Mutual Butchery: New Rules of Engagement (772)
27. Why did civilians become targets in the war and how?
Total War: The Home Front (772)
28. What does the term home front refer to?
Total War: The Home Front: The Home Front (772-773)
29. How did governments assume control of the home front?
30. Describe the economic measures governments took during the war?
Total War: The Home Front: Women at War (773)
31. Describe the role of women during the war. Give specific examples of what women did.
32. What effects/changes did the war have on women?
Total War: The Home Front: Women at War (773-774)
33. How did propaganda impact the war? Give specific examples.
Conflict in East Asia and the Pacific (774-775)
34. What were the three reasons for World War turning into a global conflict?
Conflict in East Asia and the Pacific: Japan’s Entry Into the War (775)
35. Explain the reason Japan entered the war and their gains.
Battles in Africa and Southwest Asia (776)
36. Summarize the war atmosphere in Africa.
Battles in Africa and Southwest Asia: Gallipoli (776-777)
37. Describe the global effects of the battle of Gallipoli.
38. What does ANZAC mean?
Battles in Africa and Southwest Asia: Armenian Massacres (777)
39. Explain the conflict between the Armenians and Ottomans during the Great War.
Battles in Africa and Southwest Asia: The Ottoman Empire (777)
40. What side did the Arabs fight on and what were their goals during the Great War?
The End of The War (777-778)
41. Explain the most significant consequence of the war of 1914-1918.
Revolution in Russia: The March Revolution (778)
42. What happened in Russia in 1917? Include internal and external factors that led to its collapse.
Revolution in Russia: Lenin (778-779)
43. What were Lenin’s beliefs in contrast to Marxism?
44. Who were the Bolsheviks and what did Lenin call for?
Revolution in Russia: The November Revolution (779)
45. What impact did the Lenin and the Bolshevik party have when they seized control of Russia?
Revolution in Russia: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (779)
46. What was the treaty of Brest-Litovsk and why was it important to Russia?
U.S. Intervention and Collapse of the Central Powers (779)
47. Why was 1917 crucial during the war?
U.S. Intervention and Collapse of the Central Powers: Economic Considerations (779)
48. How did the United States contribute to the war before 1917?
U.S. Intervention and Collapse of the Central Powers: Submarine Warfare (779-780)
49. Explain the reason the United States entered the war.
U.S. Intervention and Collapse of the Central Powers: Collapsing Fronts (780-781)
50. What does armistice mean?
After the War: The Influenza Pandemic of 1918 (781)
51. What was the impact of the influenza (Spanish flu) of 1918 and how did it spread?
After the War: The Paris Settlement (781)
52. Who dominated deliberations in Paris and what major nations were not invited?
After the War: Wilson’s Fourteen Points (782)
53. What was Wilson’s purpose for the Fourteen Points?
54. What were the key recommendations Wilson included in the Fourteen Points?
After the War: The Peace Treaties (782)
55. What compromises did the French demand of Germany and other Central Powers, including those listed in the Treaty of Versailles?
56. How did the treaties impact Austria-Hungary?
57. What happened to the Ottoman Empire as a result of the war?
After the War: Ataturk (782-783)
58. Describe the transformation of Turkey.
59. Overall, with the exception of Turkey, why were the peace settlements weak?
After the War: The League of Nations (783)
60. What was the purpose of the League of Nations and explain its two flaws?
After the War: Self-Determination (783)
61. Why did Wilson favor self-determination? See question 6 for definition.
62. Where did self-determination work and where did it face problems?
After the War: The Mandate System (783-785)
63. Describe the Mandate system. Include the territories and the impact.
Challenges to European Preeminence (785)
64. What did the Great War set the stage for?
Challenges to European Preeminence: Weakened Europe (785-787)
65. What factor contributed to the weakening of Europe? Include economic factors and colonial factors.
Challenges to European Preeminence: Revolutionary Ideas (787)
66. What factors led to revolutionary ideas in the colonies?
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Gruber
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