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Biology Study Guide – Chapter 1 Answer Key

Characteristics of Life

1. What is biology? Study of life

2. What does a biologist do? Scientists that study life

3. Which biologist studies animals? Which biologist studies plants? Zoologist/ Botanist

4. What term do biologists use for a living thing? Organism

5. List the eight characteristics of life. (on your test, be able to identify examples of each one)

Display organization Homeostasis Grows and Develops

Respond to a Stimulus Made of one or more cells Needs/ Use Energy

Reproduce Adaptation

6. What is homeostasis and why is it important? Organisms internal environment stays the same to keep them healthy

7. How is shivering an example of homeostasis? When it is cold outside, your body shivers so you can get warmer and keep the same body temperature.

8. Describe two other examples of how a person could maintain homeostasis. Sweating and ….

9. Would a biologist be interested in studying the reproduction cycles of bacteria? EXPLAIN!!!

Yes, because bacteria is a living thing and one of the characteristics of living things is reproduction.

10. Explain why this is NOT a response to a stimulus: A person pushes a button and the TV turns on.

Because the TV is not alive and all responses to a stimulus must be involuntary and in an organism.

11. List the levels of organization within a living organism. (smallest to largest)

Atoms/molecules ( cells ( tissue ( organs ( organ system ( organism

12. What is the difference between cells and tissues? Tissues are made of cells functioning together.

13. a. List an example of a unicellular organism. b. List an example of a multicellular organism.

Bacteria Bird, Human, Dog

14. Define consumer, producer, and decomposer. Provide examples of each.

Consumer: Organism that eats other organisms to get food. (Wolf)

Producer: Organism that makes its own food. (Plants)

Decomposer: Organism that gets energy by breaking down dead organisms. (Mushroom)

15. Define and classify organisms as a heterotroph or autotroph.

Heterotroph: Organisms that does not make its own food. (All consumers and decomposers)

Autotroph: Organisms that make their own food. (All producers)

16. What is adaptation and why do animals adapt? A change that you are born with (inherit) that gives you an advantage to survive.

17. How is DNA related to adaptation? Organisms that have adaptations are able to pass along their characteristics that will help the next generation of their species.

18. What does it mean when biologist state animals grow? Increase the number of cells

19. Define digestion and metabolism. Digestion: food is turned into energy the organism can use

Metabolism: the total of all the chemical activities in the body

20. How are plants examples of organisms that go through asexual reproduction? Some plants are able to reproduce by themselves (one parent)

21. What type of reproduction do we go through? Sexual Reproduction

22. What is the difference between sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction? Sexual Reproduction is when two parents are needed to make offspring; Asexual Reproduction is when you need only one parent to have offspring.

23. Biologists categorize organisms according to the type of food they eat. What are those categories how are the different or alike, and what are some examples of each? Consumer, producer, and decomposer

24. Why air, water, and an environment important to organisms? Air for metabolism; Water because cells are made mostly of water and need it for metabolism; Environment is the place where in organism lives.

25. What are the building blocks of life? Cells

26. Who is Robert Hooke? Scientist who discovered cells

27. What caused Hooke to name what he saw cells? They looked like the cells monks lived in.

28. What is a species? Provide an example of a species and a non-example and explain your reasoning. Organisms that can breed together and produce fertile offspring.

29. What four steps do we use when reading? (Hint: Look at your reading graphic organizer!)

Predict, Clarify, Question, Summarize

Review your notes!! There will be some questions from the last unit. You should focus your study on the current unit and then go back and quickly scan through important points in our last unit on the scientific method, data, and experimental design.

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