Test Your Knowledge – Chapter 3



Test Your Knowledge – Chapter 3Name ____________________Date___________ MOD______MULTIPLE CHOICE Cellulose is a ______ made of many______.polypeptide … monomerscarbohydrate … fatty acidspolymer … glucose moleculesprotein … amino acidslipid … triglyceridesIn a hydrolysis reaction ______, and in this process water is ______.a polymer breaks up to form monomers … consumeda monomer breaks up to form polymers … producedmonomers are assembled to produce a polymer … consumedmonomers are assembled to produce a polymer … produceda polymer breaks up to form monomers … producedThe four main categories of macromolecules in a cell areproteins, DNA, RNA, and steroids.monosaccharides, lipids, polysaccharides, and proteins.proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.nucleic acids, carbohydrates, monosaccharides, and proteins.RNA, DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates.A major characteristic that all lipids have in common isthey are all made of fatty acids and glycerol.they all contain nitrogen.none of them is very high in energy content.they are all acidic when mixed with water.they don’t dissolve well in water.A flower’s color is determined by the genetic instructions in itsproteins.b. lipids.c. carbohydrates.d. nucleic acids.e. all of the above.The most concentrated source of stored energy is a molecule ofDNA.b. cellulose.c. fat.d. protein.e. glucose.In some places the backbone of a protein molecule may twist or fold back on itself. This is called ______, and the coils or folds are held in place by ______.tertiary structure … hydrogen bondsprimary structure … covalent bondssecondary structure … peptide bondstertiary structure … covalent bondssecondary structure … hydrogen bondsA hydrophobic amino acid R group would be found where in a protein?forming a peptide bond with the next amino acid in the chainon the outside of the folded chain, in the wateron the inside of the folded chain, away from waterforming hydrogen bonds with other R groupsonly at one end of a protein chainThe overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide is called thedouble helixd. tertiary structureprimary structuree. quaternary structuresecondary structure How many different kinds of protein molecules are there in a typical cell?fourb. twenty c. about a hundred d. thousandse. billions Estrogen, cholesterol, and other steroids are examples ofpolysaccharides.b. lipids.c. polypeptides.d. triglycerides.e. fats.The “building blocks” of nucleic acid molecules are calledpolysaccharides.d. nucleotides.amino acids.e. DNA and RNA.fatty acids. Citric acid makes lemons taste sour. Which of the following is a functional group that would cause a molecule such as citric acid to be acidic?hydroxylb. hydrocarbonc. aminod. carbonyle. carboxylWhich of the following ranks the molecules in the correct order by size?water … sucrose … glucose … proteinprotein … water … glucose … sucrosewater … protein … sucrose … glucoseprotein … sucrose … glucose … waterglucose ... water … sucrose … proteinHow does glucose differ from sucrose, cellulose, and starch?It is a carbohydrate.It is larger.The others are polysaccharides.It is a monosaccharide.It contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.Seth noticed that his friend Jon had gained a little weight during the holidays. He commented, “Storing up some ______ for the winter, I see.”polysaccharides b. triglyceridesc. nucleotides d. polypeptidese. steroidsHow does DNA differ from RNA?DNA is larger.One of their nitrogenous bases is differentThey contain different sugars.DNA consists of two strands in a double helix.All of the above are differences.Certain fatty acids are said to be essential because the body cannot make them itself; they must be obtained in the diet. If your died were deficient in these essential fatty acids, you would not be able to make certainfats.glycerol molecules.monosaccharides.proteins.You would not be able to make any of the above.Which of the following would probably not be affected when a protein is denatured?primary structuresecondary structurehydrogen bondstertiary structureAll of the above must be affected for the protein to be denatured. Palm oil and coconut oil are more like animal fats than other plant oils. Because they ______ than other plant oils, they can contribute to cardiovascular disease.contain fewer double bondsare less saturatedcontain more sodiumare less soluble in watercontain less hydrogen ................
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